Am. Gov. Chapter 8

Which of the following statements about negative ads and negative campaigning are true?

Abraham Lincoln was the target insulting comments about his appearance during election campaigns. Negative campaigning in presidential elections was used as long ago as when Thomas Jefferson ran for office.

which of the following are true of grassroots parties?

They are open to all citizens. They operate at the local level.

which of the following groups are currently most likely part of the democratic coalition?

african americans. union members. the elderly.

which of the following characteristics of political campaigns have undergone change?

amount of money required. focus of the campaign. length of the campaign.

the internet has proved itself to be superior to televised political advertising

as a means of getting campaign contributions from small donors.

all party organizations have a responsibility to

build support among voters

in terms of percentage of the presidential popular vote, the most successful of the twentieth century third parties was the ___________ party.

bull moose

Although party organizations still manage many tasks related to elections, the lead role in elections now lies with the

candidate

a state the prevents members from one political party from voting for another party's nominees has which type of primary?

closed

even if a third party candidate fails to win an election, the candidate has still done which of the following to the the third party succeed?

drawn attention to an issue previously ignored by the two major candidates. encouraged the major parties to address issues introduced by the third party.

since 1968 the republican party has been weaker at the national level than it was in the decades after the great depression.

false

since the 1980s, which group has voted strongly for the republican party?

fundamentalist christians

which of the following are true of hispanic voters in the united states?

hispanics tend to be liberal on economic issues and conservative on social issues. they lean heavily toward the democratic party.

Which type of third party is highly organized around a framework concerning the nature and role of government in society?

ideologically oriented parties

political parties began to emerge in the united states

in spite of the founding fathers' beliefs about them.

A(n) _________ political system is made up of at least three political parties.

multiparty

local party organizations operate

only during campaign periods

as a state such as california, that permits all registered voters, regardless of a party affiliation, to vote in a primary election has what type of primary system?

open

which of the following are considered functions of a political party?

parties seek to govern. parties endeavor to represent a majority.

organizations that nominate and seek to elect candidates to government office are known as

political parties

today's political campaigns rely on which of the following to be successful?

pollsters. campaign strategists. media producers.

which of the following contributed to the decline of the old system of party organizations?

primary elections

which type of third party arises from a belief that partisan politics is corrupting influence that needs to be changed?

reform parties

opposition to slavery gave rise to which party?

republican party

today, political candidates tend to

set up and run their own campaign organizations.

third parties formed to promote a stance on particular issue are known as

single-issue parties

which of the following voting blocs was largely notable in its migration to the republican party during the 1980s?

southern whites

which single expenditure accounts for the most spending on U.S. political campaigns?

television ads

when a realignment in the electorate occurs, which of the following occurs?

the parties reorganize themselves.

which of the following statements about televised debates in presidential campaigns are true?

they are usually part of presidential campaigns

how do candidates encourage people to vote on election day?

they rely on organizations to spread the word. they contact prospective voters on elections day.

how did many of the founders of the united states view political parties?

they viewed political parties with suspicion

which of the following are roles that national political parties have?

to raise money for presidential campaigns. to seek media coverage of party positions and activities. to raise money for congressional campaigns.

which president was elected under his promise that he would do something about the great depression?

franklin d. roosevelt

which party benefited from the 1896 realignment, which was triggered by an economic depression following a banking crisis under president grover cleveland?

republican party

the in-party's chances of staying in power has historically depended primarily on

the condition of the economy.

which political party as been known for its advancement of civil rights and expansion of social welfare programs?

the democratic party

current election laws in the united states favor

a two-party system.

what is another name for the plurality system?

winner-take-all system

the civil war triggered a party realignment. what were the two major parties during this realignment period?

Democratic party republican party

Which of the following statements is true regarding a single-member district electoral system?

The candidate with more votes than any opponent wins the election in the district.

countries with multiparty systems tend to have what kind of electoral system?

a proportional representation system

which president was a leading advocate of giving ordinary citizens a more direct role in the democratic party?

andrew jackson

modern campaigns for high office

are much longer than they were historically.

since the great depression, which party's agenda has included a strong commitment to provide a safety net for the most vulnerable members of society?

democratic

Which are the major political parties in the united states?

democratic party republican party

true or false: today's candidates are more likely than before to owe their nomination to the efforts of their political party organization.

false

the fact that more white women than white men vote for the democratic party is and example of a(n) _________ gap

gender

voting for a candidate's promises rather than his or her past actions is an example of what is called __________ voting.

prospective

state parties are involved with which of the following activities?

voter registration. election of u.s. senators.

which party formed during the 1830s was competitive agains the jacksonian democratic party?

whig party

the main opposition to the democratic party in the 1830s and 1840s was the __________ party, which eventually died out

whig

what were the two competitive political parties during the first party system?

Democratic-republicans federalists

in general, political parties are made up of a __________ constituency of supporters.

broad

which of the following factors have contributed to the weakening of party organizations?

primary elections. candidate-centered campaigns.

in politics, what are linkage institutions?

they connect citizens with the government

what of the following are true about political contributions called hard money?

it is subject to legal limits. it is money given directly to a candidate. it can be spent as the recipient chooses.

which of the following statements sum up the various functions of political consultants?

production of promotional materials. advising on how to run successful campaign. gathering voter opinions.

on a ____________, citizens vote for candidates from different parties

split-ticket

which is a reason why some scholars think we have moved into a new party alignment?

the republican party has become stronger in the south and the democratic party had become stronger in the northeast.

which of the following statements describe how the u.s. campaigns are both party centered candidate centered?

the same parties are represented nationwide. candidates organize their own campaigns.

when can political parties move away from the middle of the political spectrum and still be somewhat successful in their goals?

in times of crisis

the rise of candidate-centered campaigns has

increased the importance of money in political campaigns. made it easier for political newcomers to win high office.

when a political party makes a(n) __________ for an elected office, it selects a person to run as the party's candidate in the general election for that office.

nomination

which of the following are considered ways in which third parties can impact the american political process?

they give voters who are dissatisfied with the candidates from the two major parties a this option to vote for. they can influence electoral outcomes in a closely contested election between the two dominant party candidates. they draw attention to issues that are not getting much attention from the two major parties.