American History Chapter 7

United States executive branch

Branch of government that executes, or Karis outcome of the law headed by the president. At the head of the branch is the president and the vice president

3/5 compromise

Delegates disagreed about how slaves should be counted. The solution was to count each slave as 3/5 of a person

George Washington

Didn't want to attend the constitutional convention. He worried that the nationwouldn't survive under the week articles of Confederation. The delicates chose him as the convention leader

Virginia plan

Edmund Randolph of Virginia propose this plan. The plan called for a strong central government. Was largely the work of James Madison, he created a government with three branches, voters would elect members of the lower house of the legislatures. This gave states with larger population more delegates

Shays rebellion forced courts to close so judges could not take away __________

Farmers land

Baron de Montesquieu

French writer, declared the powers of government should be separated and balanced against each other

The states adopted constitutions that limited the power of the_____\

Governor

Last states to ratify the constitution

In Virginia, Patrick Henry playing the constitution it it place nothing limits on government's power. Virginia eventually ratified. Then New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island followed Virginia and ratified in May 1790

John Locke

Influenced many of the framers of the constitution. His use on national rights are reflected in the constitution. He was an English philosopher, He brought that all people have the natural rights to life, liberty, and property

United States legislative branch

Lawmaking branch of government, made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate. They can establish taxes, coin money, and regulate trade

New Jersey plan

Legislature would have a Single house, each state would have one vote. Gave Congress the power to set taxes, regulate trade, and electing executive branch made up of more than one person. Favored a powerful government that existed under the articles, but less powerful than the Virginia plan

Framing the articles of Confederation

Nations first constitution, established a week central government, kept most power to the states, Limited Congress power, government carried on its business of selling Western lands

One of the confederations accomplishments was an arrangement for______

New states in the west

What was the single territory that was created out of the lands north of the Ohio River and the east of the Mississippi River?

North west Territory

Shays rebellion

Occurred during the great depression. Farmers couldn't sell their crops which caused him to not be able to pay taxes. This caused farmers to be thrown in jail and have their land taken by the state. Farmers don't like this they started holding tell me things eventually began revolting. The farmers eventually flood did a militia force. Shays rebellion frighten the people, this was one cause of the new constitution

Federalist

People who supported the new constitution. They took this name to stress the constitution to create a system of federalism

Which state was last to ratify the constitution?

Rhode Island

The great compromise

Roger Sherman of Connecticut suggested what would later be the great compromise, which settled a dispute each party giving up some demands. If a post different representation in the two house legislature, in the upper house each state would have two members. This means the states would be equal representation. In the lower house the number of seats for each state Woodberry for the state population

Weakness and accomplishments of the articles of Confederation

Some weaknesses of the confederation are it limited Congress power, Congress couldn't regulate trade, force people to join the army, or impose taxes. Some accomplishments of the Confederation were that it's settled territorial disputes between states

Separation of powers

States divided powers between the governor and Legislature, most states set up two houses, or bicameral, legislature to divide the work of government even further

Senate

That upper house of the legislature. And assembly or council having the highest deliberative functions in government

Checks and balances

The Constitution contains a system for each branch of government has a way to check, or limit, the power of the other branches. With this system no single branch can gain too much power in the government

How would you explain the behavior of the people of the United States in the period between 1776 and 1783? Write a summary that explains the call of the people and thrown off British school, forming the articles of confederation and then establishing the constitution. Be sure to explain how these actions relate to the question and why people form governments, how government affect people's life, and how government change

The United States was happy to gain its independence from Britain because they felt they would do a better job at ruling the people. As time went on it was hard for America's economy to stay stable enough to survive. After the war there was no government, so each state created their own tiny country. By doing this they created their own money which caused inflation. To try and help the American economy the people created the articles of Confederation. Unfortunately the articles of confederation could do no help because they were given no wheel power. The articles could not impose taxes or Force people to join the army. Eventually the states started imposing taxes on people. Many taxes were placed on farmers who were unable to pay their taxes because of the great depression. They were unable to sell their crops which gave them no money. When the farmers couldn't pay their taxes they were thrown in jail and had their land taken away by the state. One man felt this was very unfair, this man was Daniel shape. He decided to lead tell meetings to try and get help for the farmers. Eventually this turned into a riot. Shay and his men stormed and rioted until eventually militia force was used to disperse the crowd. Shays rebellion frightened the American people because it showed how the articles of confederation could do nothing help the people. Shays rebellion was a turning point for the American people. After Shays rebellion the continental convention was held to help create a new and stronger constitution. George Washington was the head of the convention because he was chosen by the delegates. Two plans were created during the convention, the Virginia plan and the New Jersey plan. The Virginia plan called for a strong national government with three branches. The New Jersey plan called for a strong single house and each state would have only one vote. Nobody could come to a compromise between the two so Roger Sherman of Connecticut suggested A mix between the two. This created a strong constitution. Many people did not know how to count slaves. The states with more slave population wanted to have slaves counted so they can have more delegates. Eventually they compromise to have each slave count as 3/5 of a person. One of the strongest criticisms of the constitution may have been the whacked a bill of right to protect individual freedoms. Many states said they would not ratify unless the Bill of Rights was added. After some compromise the Bill of Rights was added to the constitution. The Americans have strived to get to where they are today. After many trials we have made it into the great nation that we are today.

Framing the constitution

The constitution has roots in other civilizations. Many ideas found in the constitution came from European political institutions and writers. Framers who shaped the document we're familiar with the parliamentary system of Britain. The American still respected many British traditions or cultural beliefes

United States judicial branch

The court system. The nations judicial Power resides in one Supreme Court, and other federal courts. Congress creates, settles disputes, and questions of the law

Economy following revolutionary war

The economy was bad after the revolutionary war because all the states were in their own separate "countries" the confederation couldn't pay off debts because they couldn't tax the states. This caused a depression

House of Representatives

The lower legislate branch in many national and state bicameral governing bodies

Who are framers?

The men who shaped the constitution

One major weakness of the Confederation was that it could not deal with_________

The nations finances

Anti-federalist

Those who oppress the constitution. They wrote their own essays, which later became known as the anti-Federalist papers. They argued that a strong national government would take away liberties those who oppress the constitution. They wrote their own essays, which later became known as the anti-Federalist papers. They argued that a strong national government would take away liberties. The Americans had fought for and the American revolution

Branches of government and their powers

Three branches: legislative, judicial, and executive. • legislative - lawmaking branch, Congress is made up of the house of representatives and the Senate, Congress power included: establishing taxes, Corning money, and regulating trade • executive - carried out nations laws and policies, heads our president and vice president • judicial - court systems, National power resides in one Supreme Court, and any lower federal courts Congress creates. The Supreme Court and other federal courts hear cases involving the constitution, federal laws, and disputes between states

Constitutional convention delegates voted to work toward a new national government bases on the ____________

Virginia plan