Test 2

What was one effect of the Three-fifths Compromise? (1) Slave states gained additional congressional representation. (2) The number of justices on the Supreme Court was established. (3) Presidential appointments were assured easy confirmation. (4) A two-house legislature was created.

(1) Slave states gained additional congressional representation.

What was a result of the Great Compromise during the Constitutional Convention of 1787? (1) creating a two-house legislature (2) banning slavery in Southern states (3) requiring that the president have a cabinet (4) giving the Supreme Court the power to hear cases involving states

(1) creating a two-house legislature

In 1790, the first census of the United States was taken in order to (1) create immigration quotas (2) determine each state's representation in Congress (3) establish the number of appointed federal judges (4) justify funding for public education

(2) determine each state's representation in Congress

Which provision of the Bill of Rights was influenced by the trial of John Peter Zenger? (1) right to bear arms (2) right to an attorney (3) freedom of religion (4) freedom of the press

(4) freedom of the press

The Preamble of the Constitution demonstrates that the writers believed that sovereignty belongs to the (1) federal government (2) state governments (3) president (4) people

(4) people

A primary reason the Antifederalists opposed ratification of the United States Constitution in 1787 was because the Constitution failed to (1) include a bill of rights (2) provide for a strong national defense (3) restrict immigration (4) extend voting rights to women

(1) include a bill of rights

A primary reason the Antifederalists opposed ratification of the United States Constitution in 1787 was because the Constitution failed to (1) include a bill of rights (2) provide for a strong national defense (3) restrict immigration (4) extend voting rights to women

(1) include a bill of rights

The United States Constitution provides that federal judges be appointed for life primarily to: (1) protect judicial decision-making from the influence of political pressure (2) provide time for a more thorough investigation of cases (3) ensure that judicial decisions are based on precedent (4) guarantee that different viewpoints are represented on the Supreme Court

(1) protect judicial decision-making from the influence of political pressure

According to the Constitution, the president is required to (1) sign or veto bills passed by Congress (2) establish income tax rates (3) review Supreme Court decisions (4) raise money for political parties

(1) sign or veto bills passed by Congress

One reason President George Washington called for a policy of neutrality in the 1790s was to (1) improve his popularity among Federalist voters (2) avoid United States participation in European wars (3) gain support for the development of a United States navy (4) enforce the Treaty of Alliance with France

(2) avoid United States participation in European wars

One weakness of the Articles of Confederation was the inability of the central government to: (1) establish a postal system (2) collect adequate taxes from the states (3) control western lands (4) admit new states to the Union

(2) collect adequate taxes from the states

The primary purpose of the Articles of Confederation was to: (1) provide tax revenues for the national government (2) establish the basic framework of the national government (3) give the national government the power to regulate interstate commerce (4) establish the supremacy of the national government over the states

(2) establish the basic framework of the national government

". . .We should consider that we are providing a Constitution for future generations, and not merely for the peculiar circumstances of the moment. . . ." — James Wilson, Constitutional Convention, 1787 The writers of the Constitution best applied this idea by providing for (1) an electoral college to select the president (2) due process of law to protect individual civil rights (3) a method for adopting a constitutional amendment (4) the direct election of members of Congress

(3) a method for adopting a constitutional amendment

Based on the United States Constitution, the census helps to determine the number of: (1) presidential candidates (2) members of congressional subcommittees (3) electoral votes assigned to each state (4) senators from each state

(3) electoral votes assigned to each state

The Supreme Court can influence the actions of the other two branches of the federal government by: (1) vetoing legislation (2) pardoning criminals (3) exercising judicial review (4) impeaching the president

(3) exercising judicial review

What was a primary goal of President Thomas Jefferson's 1803 decision to purchase the Louisiana Territory? (1) studying Native American Indian societies (2) mining gold and silver in California (3) gaining control of the port of New Orleans (4) securing access to the iron ore deposits near the Great Lakes

(3) gaining control of the port of New Orleans

• A bill of rights should be added. • The central government is too powerful. • The nation is too large to remain a republic. These statements express concerns of citizens who opposed the: (1) colonial rule of Great Britain (2) principles expressed in the Albany Plan of Union (3) ratification of the Constitution (4) secession of Southern states from the Union

(3) ratification of the Constitution

The Federalist Papers, written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison, were intended to (1) promote independence from Great Britain (2) persuade voters to keep the Articles of Confederation (3) win support for ratification of the Constitution (4) endorse candidates running for Congress

(3) win support for ratification of the Constitution

Which geographical consideration had the greatest influence on President Thomas Jefferson's decision to purchase the Louisiana Territory in 1803? (1) Large gold reserves were located in the territory. (2) The size of the territory would create a barrier to French influence. (3) The Rocky Mountain region was an outlet for future population growth. (4) Full control of the port of New Orleans on the Mississippi River would be established.

(4) Full control of the port of New Orleans on the Mississippi River would be established.

The Supreme Court decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803) strengthened the constitutional principle of separation of powers by (1) defining the Court's role in impeachment trials (2) clarifying the president's authority to veto bills passed by Congress (3) denying states the right to sue the federal government (4) establishing the Court's right to review the constitutionality of federal laws

(4) establishing the Court's right to review the constitutionality of federal laws

The Lewis and Clark expedition (1803-1806) was important because it (1) determined the route of the first trans- continental railroad (2) opened an all-water route to the Gulf of Mexico (3) removed the British threat from the Northwest Territory (4) increased understanding of the area included in the Louisiana Purchase

(4) increased understanding of the area included in the Louisiana Purchase

Many critics of the electoral college system point out that it (1) penalizes the states with the smallest population (2) encourages the formation of minor political parties (3) grants too much influence to the United States Senate (4) might not select the candidate with the largest number of popular votes

(4) might not select the candidate with the largest number of popular votes

Federalism, separation of powers, and checks and balances are constitutional principles that directly (1) empower more voters (2) restrict individual liberties (3) involve citizens in the governing process (4) reduce the concentration of governmental power

(4) reduce the concentration of governmental power

The power of judicial review was established when (1) the original United States Constitution was adopted (2) an amendment was added to the United States Constitution (3) President Thomas Jefferson established the power in an executive order (4) the Supreme Court issued its ruling in Marbury v. Madison (1803)

(4) the Supreme Court issued its ruling in Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Many of the fundamental principles found in the United States Constitution (1787) were based on the: (1) concept of salutary neglect (2) influence of British Loyalists (3) rule of absolute monarchs in Europe (4) writings of Enlightenment philosophers

(4) writings of Enlightenment philosophers