Anatomy 9 Weeks Test Ch. 1-3
in order to break a disaccharide down into simple sugar units, ____ a. carbon atoms must be removed from each bond b. water molecules and carbon atoms must be removed from each bond c. water molecules must be removed from each bond d. carbon atoms must be added to each bond e. water molecules must be added to each bond
e. water molecules must be added to each bond
The system that controls and coordinates the body using hormones is the
endocrine system
The orbital cavities house the
eyes
When we imagine a person exhibiting anatomical position the palms of the hands are assumed to be facing __
forward
The right and left iliac regions are lateral to the __ region
hypogastric (pubic)
The cell shown in figure 3.2 has been placed into a __ solution
hypotonic
___ refers to all of the chemical reactions in the body
metabolism
What are the three basic parts or regions of a cell
nucleus, cytoplasm, plasma membrane
Which of the following elements of a control system detects a change
receptor
What are the three main components of a homeostatic control system
receptor, control center, effector
What is the major function of the lymphatic system
return leaked fluids back to the cardiovascular system
The main function of the respiratory system is to
supply the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
Which of the following statements is not part of the cell theory
the human body is composed of 50 to 100 trillion cells
The process of transcription __
transfers information from DNA into mRNA
The diaphragm creates a __ section between the thoracic and abdominal body cavities
transverse (cross)
The abdominal pelvic cavity has __ quadrants in __ regions
4;9
A type of cell Junction anchor adjacent cells together in protects cells from being pulled apart
Demosomes
The __ system it's the body of indigestible food residue in feces while the __ system removes nitrogen containing metabolic waste in urine
Digestive; urinary
The vertebral region is __ to the sternal region
Dorsal
Nutrients in ions can pass directly from cell to cell through special memory and junctions known as
Gap junctions
The preparation of secretaries vessels for export from the sale is the responsibility of the
Golgi apparatus
Which of the following is not a structural component of the nucleus
Golgi apparatus
an atom with 13 electrons will have ___ electrons in the valence shell a. 3 b. 5 c. 8 d. 2
a. 3
identify the nucleic acid a. DNA b. triglyceride c. oxidase d. glucose e. cholesterol
a. DNA
elements are composed of building blocks known as ____ a. atoms b. molecules c. polymers d. protons e. compounds
a. atoms
a chemist experiments on a molecule with the formula C5H10O5. this compound is likely a ___ a. carbohydrate b. nucleotide c. protein d. triglyceride e. enzyme
a. carbohydrate
the subatomic particles that are responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms are the ___ a. electrons b. ions c. isotopes d. protons e. neutrons
a. electrons
which of the following leads to an increase in the rate of a chemical reaction? a. increased temp b. decreased temp c. large particle size d. few particles e. lack of catalysts
a. increased temp
which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle associated with an atom? a. ion b. neutron c. proton d. electron
a. ion
which of the following may be used in PET scans as biological tracers that can be followed through the body? a. radioisotopes b. proteins c. electrons d. nucleic acid e. ions
a. radioisotopes
What is required for osmosis to occur
aquaporins
the # of protons always = the ___ in a neutral atom a. atomic weight b. # of electrons c. # of neutrons d. # of valence shells e. atomic mass #
b. # of electrons
the atomic # of sodium is 11 while the atomic mass # is 23. which of the following is NOT true of an atom of sodium? a. 1 electron in the valence shell of a neutral sodium atom b. 11 neutrons c. 11 electrons d. 11 protons e. 8 electrons in th valence shell of a neutral sodium atom
b. 11 neutrons
an atom has 6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons. its atomic mass is ____ a. 20 b. 14 c. 2 d. 6 e. 8
b. 14
what is the atomic # of an atom in figure 2.2? a. 12 b. 6 c. 2 d. 4 e. 3
b. 6
which of the following contains sodium? a. H2O b. NaCl c. H2SO4 d. CH4 e. N2
b. NaCl
which of the following statements about RNA is true? a. RNA is composed of the base b. RNA is a single nucleotide strand c. RNA contains a sugar called deoxyribose d. RNA is the genetic material found within the cell nucleus e. RNA is found only in the nucleus of the cell
b. RNA is a single nucleotide strand
trans fats are oils that have been solidified by the addition of ___ a. nitrogen atoms b. hydrogen atoms c. phosphorus d. oxygen atoms e. carbon atoms
b. hydrogen atoms
which of the following would be classified as an enzyme? a. triglyceride b. hydrolase c. ATP d. cholesterol e. cellulose
b. hydrolase
isotopes have different # of ___; thus they also have different ____ a. electrons; atomic # b. neutrons; atomic masses c. neutrons; atomic # d. protons; atomic # e. protons; atomic masses
b. neutrons; atomic masses
the most common element in the human body is ____ a. nitrogen b. oxygen c. carbon d. hydrogen
b. oxygen
the atomic mass # of an atom is equivalent to the # of ___ a. electrons b. protons and neutrons c. neutrons d. protons and electrons e. protons
b. protons and neutrons
hydrogen bonding between water molecules is responsible for ___ a. polarity b. surface tension c. denaturization of proteins d. nonpolar covalent bonding e. enzyme structure
b. surface tension
which of the following statements about ATP is false? a. ATP drives the transport of certain solutes across cell membranes b. the phosphate goops of ATP are attached by high-energy hydrogen bonds c. ATP provides the energy needed to drive energy-absorbing chemical reactions d. ATP is a modified nucleotide e. ATP activates contractile proteins in muscle cells so that cells can shorten and perform mechanical work
b. the phosphate goops of ATP are attached by high-energy hydrogen bonds
polar molecules, like water, result when electrons are shared ___ a. = between atoms b. unequally between atoms c. between ions d. transferred between atoms
b. unequally between atoms
polar molecules, like water, result when electrons are shared ___ a. or transferred between atoms b. unequally between atoms c. between ions d. = between atoms
b. unequally between atoms
a molecule of methane, CH4, is known specifically as a ___ a. atom b. radioisotope c. element d. compound e. anion
d. compound
nerve impulses involve the flow of an electrical current, a type of energy known as ___ a. radiant b. chemical c. mechanical d. electrical
d. electrical
which of the following elements is needed to make a functional hemoglobin molecule? a. potassium b. chlorine c. magnesium d. iron e. iodine
d. iron
the atomic # of an atom is = to the # of ___ an atom contains a. protons and neutrons b. neutrons and electrons c. neutrons d. protons
d. protons
hydrogen bonding between water molecule is responsible for ___ a. polarity b. denaturation of proteins c. non polar covalent bonding d. surface tension e. enzyme structure
d. surface tension
the growth of cells and repair of worn-out tissues is accomplished by ___ a. catabolic reactions b. decomposition reactions c. hydrolysis reactions d. synthesis reactions e. neutralization reactions
d. synthesis reactions
Which two organ systems include the pancreas
digestive and endocrine systems
shell 1 of an atom can hold a maximum of __ electrons a. 4 b. 1 c. 8 d. 18 e. 2
e. 2
blood pH falls in a narrow range between ________ a. 6.0 to 8.0 b. 7.65 to 7.85 c. 7.15 to 7.25 d. 7.0 to 8.0 e. 7.35 to 7.45
e. 7.35-7.45
which of the following lipids is formed off 4 interlocking carbon rings? a. triglyceride b. unsaturated fat c. phospholipid d. trans fat e. cholesterol
e. cholesterol
the reaction sucrose + water --> glucose + fructose is an ex of a ___ a. anabolic reaction b. synthesis reaction c. neutralization reaction d. double replacement reaction e. decomposition reaction
e. decomposition reaction
the movement of ions across plasma membrane is an ex of ___ a. radiant energy b. potential energy c. chemical energy d. mechanical energy e. electrical energy
e. electrical energy
what type of chemical bond is pictured in figure 2.3? a. non polar covalent bond b. single covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. double covalent bond e. ionic bond
e. ionic bond
which of these is produced in skin upon exposure to UV radiation? a. vitamin K b. vitamin A c. vitamin C d. vitamin E e. vitamin D
e. vitamin D
which of the following is classified as an inorganic compound? a. triglycerides b. steroid c. protein d. glucose e. water
e. water
Which of the following is the smallest unit of all living things?
Cell
The naval is located in the __ region of the abdominal pelvic cavity
Umbilical
During transcription which base pairs with adenine of DNA in the newly formed molecule of RNA
Uracil
What accounts for 60 to 80% of the bodies weight
Water
Sudie works as an administrative assistant it has developed carpal tunnel syndrome what part of her body is affected
Wrist
And cell division the term that refers to division of the cytoplasm is
cytokinesis
The three major components of cytoplasm are the
cytosol, organelles, and inclusions
which of the following DNA base pairs is complementary? a. thymine b. adenine and guanine c. cytosine and adenine d. adenine and thymine e. guanine and uracil
d. adenine and thymine
The study of the structure in shape of the body and its parts in their relationships to one another is called
Anatomy
Jerome plays football and broke a bone in the tarsal region this region is the
Ankle
If the sequence of nitrogen bases in one state of DNA is GTAGCA the sequence of faces on is complementary DNA strand would be
CAT-CGT
The body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions is referred to as
Homeostasis
Which system covers the external surface of the area and protects deeper tissues
Integumentary system
The period of a cell cycle when the cell grows in performs its metabolic activities is
Interphase
Edna tore a ligament in the patellar region anticipate having difficulty with her __
Knee
The Oregon now responsible for making the majority of ATP in a cell is the
Mitochondrion
The skeletal muscles that contract and shortened to move the bones from the ___ system
Muscular
Which of the following activities represents a psychological study
Observing how the heart contracts to pump blood
The specialize cellular compartments within the cytosol of the cell are collectively called
Organelles
Milk production during breast-feeding is increased by the cycling of a newborn from his mothers nipple this type of feedback mechanism best describes
Positive feedback
The serial region is __ to the crural region
Posterior
And he sustained a baseball hat to his cranial cavity which bones were fractured
Skull
A cell is isotonic to the surrounding 4% dextrose solution if the cells move to a 6% dextrose solution then predict what will happen to the cell
The cell will shrink
To perform heart surgery and incision is made into the __ cavity
Thoracic
The molecule that carries an amino acid to the ribosome for incorporation into the protein is
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Some anabiotic's inhibit TRNA from delivering amino acids to the ribosome what process cannot be completed
Translation
which statement best describes why ATP is an important nucleic acid in the body? a. ATP functions as a catalyst to increase reaction rates b. ATP carries out the orders for protein synthesis issued by DNA c. ATP provides a form of chemical energy all body cells can use d. ATP is the storage form of glucose in the body e. ATP is a modified RNA molecule used to store genetic info
c. ATP provides a form of chemical energy all body cells can use
what is the function of DNA? a. DNA increases the rate of a chemical reaction without becoming part of the product b. DNA carries out the orders of protein synthesis issued by RNA c. DNA provides instructions for building every protein in the body d. DNA serves as the most important fuel for the body e. DNA serves as a form of chemical energy that all body cells can use
c. DNA provides instructions for building every protein in the body
matter is best described as ___ a. the ability to do work b. the ability to put matter into motion c. anything that occupies space and has mass d. having no mass
c. anything that occupies space and has mass
an atom of magnesium has lost two electrons. It is known as a ________ a. molecule b. anion c. cation d. neutral atom e. isotope
c. cation
the reaction sucrose + water --> glucose + fructose is an ex of an ___ a. neutralization reaction b. synthesis reaction c. decomposition reaction d. double replacement reaction e. anabolic reaction
c. decomposition reaction
the movement of ions across plasma membranes is an ex of ___ a. mechanical energy b. chemical energy c. electrical energy d. radiant energy e. potential energy
c. electrical energy
which statement best describes fibrous protiens? a. fibrous proteins are the major source of stored energy in the body
c. fibrous proteins most often appear in body structures
what type of bond results when electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another? a. carbon bond b. non polar covalent bond c. ionic bond d. polar covalent bond e. hydrogen bond
c. ionic bond
during a synthesis section, amino acids join to form ____ a. carbohydrates b. nucleic acids c. proteins d. monomers
c. proteins
an atom with 6 protons, 7 neutrons, and 6 electrons shares four pairs of electrons with four other atoms. This atom is now considered to be ___ a. an anion b. a neutral atom c. stable d. an ion e. a cation
c. stable
the complementary base to adenine in a molecule of DNA is ___ a. cytosine b. guanine c. thymine d. leucine
c. thymine
The heart and blood vessels are the primary organs of the ___ system
cardiovascular