Anatomy 9 Weeks Test Ch. 1-3

in order to break a disaccharide down into simple sugar units, ____ a. carbon atoms must be removed from each bond b. water molecules and carbon atoms must be removed from each bond c. water molecules must be removed from each bond d. carbon atoms must be added to each bond e. water molecules must be added to each bond

e. water molecules must be added to each bond

The system that controls and coordinates the body using hormones is the

endocrine system

The orbital cavities house the

eyes

When we imagine a person exhibiting anatomical position the palms of the hands are assumed to be facing __

forward

The right and left iliac regions are lateral to the __ region

hypogastric (pubic)

The cell shown in figure 3.2 has been placed into a __ solution

hypotonic

___ refers to all of the chemical reactions in the body

metabolism

What are the three basic parts or regions of a cell

nucleus, cytoplasm, plasma membrane

Which of the following elements of a control system detects a change

receptor

What are the three main components of a homeostatic control system

receptor, control center, effector

What is the major function of the lymphatic system

return leaked fluids back to the cardiovascular system

The main function of the respiratory system is to

supply the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide

Which of the following statements is not part of the cell theory

the human body is composed of 50 to 100 trillion cells

The process of transcription __

transfers information from DNA into mRNA

The diaphragm creates a __ section between the thoracic and abdominal body cavities

transverse (cross)

The abdominal pelvic cavity has __ quadrants in __ regions

4;9

A type of cell Junction anchor adjacent cells together in protects cells from being pulled apart

Demosomes

The __ system it's the body of indigestible food residue in feces while the __ system removes nitrogen containing metabolic waste in urine

Digestive; urinary

The vertebral region is __ to the sternal region

Dorsal

Nutrients in ions can pass directly from cell to cell through special memory and junctions known as

Gap junctions

The preparation of secretaries vessels for export from the sale is the responsibility of the

Golgi apparatus

Which of the following is not a structural component of the nucleus

Golgi apparatus

an atom with 13 electrons will have ___ electrons in the valence shell a. 3 b. 5 c. 8 d. 2

a. 3

identify the nucleic acid a. DNA b. triglyceride c. oxidase d. glucose e. cholesterol

a. DNA

elements are composed of building blocks known as ____ a. atoms b. molecules c. polymers d. protons e. compounds

a. atoms

a chemist experiments on a molecule with the formula C5H10O5. this compound is likely a ___ a. carbohydrate b. nucleotide c. protein d. triglyceride e. enzyme

a. carbohydrate

the subatomic particles that are responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms are the ___ a. electrons b. ions c. isotopes d. protons e. neutrons

a. electrons

which of the following leads to an increase in the rate of a chemical reaction? a. increased temp b. decreased temp c. large particle size d. few particles e. lack of catalysts

a. increased temp

which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle associated with an atom? a. ion b. neutron c. proton d. electron

a. ion

which of the following may be used in PET scans as biological tracers that can be followed through the body? a. radioisotopes b. proteins c. electrons d. nucleic acid e. ions

a. radioisotopes

What is required for osmosis to occur

aquaporins

the # of protons always = the ___ in a neutral atom a. atomic weight b. # of electrons c. # of neutrons d. # of valence shells e. atomic mass #

b. # of electrons

the atomic # of sodium is 11 while the atomic mass # is 23. which of the following is NOT true of an atom of sodium? a. 1 electron in the valence shell of a neutral sodium atom b. 11 neutrons c. 11 electrons d. 11 protons e. 8 electrons in th valence shell of a neutral sodium atom

b. 11 neutrons

an atom has 6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons. its atomic mass is ____ a. 20 b. 14 c. 2 d. 6 e. 8

b. 14

what is the atomic # of an atom in figure 2.2? a. 12 b. 6 c. 2 d. 4 e. 3

b. 6

which of the following contains sodium? a. H2O b. NaCl c. H2SO4 d. CH4 e. N2

b. NaCl

which of the following statements about RNA is true? a. RNA is composed of the base b. RNA is a single nucleotide strand c. RNA contains a sugar called deoxyribose d. RNA is the genetic material found within the cell nucleus e. RNA is found only in the nucleus of the cell

b. RNA is a single nucleotide strand

trans fats are oils that have been solidified by the addition of ___ a. nitrogen atoms b. hydrogen atoms c. phosphorus d. oxygen atoms e. carbon atoms

b. hydrogen atoms

which of the following would be classified as an enzyme? a. triglyceride b. hydrolase c. ATP d. cholesterol e. cellulose

b. hydrolase

isotopes have different # of ___; thus they also have different ____ a. electrons; atomic # b. neutrons; atomic masses c. neutrons; atomic # d. protons; atomic # e. protons; atomic masses

b. neutrons; atomic masses

the most common element in the human body is ____ a. nitrogen b. oxygen c. carbon d. hydrogen

b. oxygen

the atomic mass # of an atom is equivalent to the # of ___ a. electrons b. protons and neutrons c. neutrons d. protons and electrons e. protons

b. protons and neutrons

hydrogen bonding between water molecules is responsible for ___ a. polarity b. surface tension c. denaturization of proteins d. nonpolar covalent bonding e. enzyme structure

b. surface tension

which of the following statements about ATP is false? a. ATP drives the transport of certain solutes across cell membranes b. the phosphate goops of ATP are attached by high-energy hydrogen bonds c. ATP provides the energy needed to drive energy-absorbing chemical reactions d. ATP is a modified nucleotide e. ATP activates contractile proteins in muscle cells so that cells can shorten and perform mechanical work

b. the phosphate goops of ATP are attached by high-energy hydrogen bonds

polar molecules, like water, result when electrons are shared ___ a. = between atoms b. unequally between atoms c. between ions d. transferred between atoms

b. unequally between atoms

polar molecules, like water, result when electrons are shared ___ a. or transferred between atoms b. unequally between atoms c. between ions d. = between atoms

b. unequally between atoms

a molecule of methane, CH4, is known specifically as a ___ a. atom b. radioisotope c. element d. compound e. anion

d. compound

nerve impulses involve the flow of an electrical current, a type of energy known as ___ a. radiant b. chemical c. mechanical d. electrical

d. electrical

which of the following elements is needed to make a functional hemoglobin molecule? a. potassium b. chlorine c. magnesium d. iron e. iodine

d. iron

the atomic # of an atom is = to the # of ___ an atom contains a. protons and neutrons b. neutrons and electrons c. neutrons d. protons

d. protons

hydrogen bonding between water molecule is responsible for ___ a. polarity b. denaturation of proteins c. non polar covalent bonding d. surface tension e. enzyme structure

d. surface tension

the growth of cells and repair of worn-out tissues is accomplished by ___ a. catabolic reactions b. decomposition reactions c. hydrolysis reactions d. synthesis reactions e. neutralization reactions

d. synthesis reactions

Which two organ systems include the pancreas

digestive and endocrine systems

shell 1 of an atom can hold a maximum of __ electrons a. 4 b. 1 c. 8 d. 18 e. 2

e. 2

blood pH falls in a narrow range between ________ a. 6.0 to 8.0 b. 7.65 to 7.85 c. 7.15 to 7.25 d. 7.0 to 8.0 e. 7.35 to 7.45

e. 7.35-7.45

which of the following lipids is formed off 4 interlocking carbon rings? a. triglyceride b. unsaturated fat c. phospholipid d. trans fat e. cholesterol

e. cholesterol

the reaction sucrose + water --> glucose + fructose is an ex of a ___ a. anabolic reaction b. synthesis reaction c. neutralization reaction d. double replacement reaction e. decomposition reaction

e. decomposition reaction

the movement of ions across plasma membrane is an ex of ___ a. radiant energy b. potential energy c. chemical energy d. mechanical energy e. electrical energy

e. electrical energy

what type of chemical bond is pictured in figure 2.3? a. non polar covalent bond b. single covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. double covalent bond e. ionic bond

e. ionic bond

which of these is produced in skin upon exposure to UV radiation? a. vitamin K b. vitamin A c. vitamin C d. vitamin E e. vitamin D

e. vitamin D

which of the following is classified as an inorganic compound? a. triglycerides b. steroid c. protein d. glucose e. water

e. water

Which of the following is the smallest unit of all living things?

Cell

The naval is located in the __ region of the abdominal pelvic cavity

Umbilical

During transcription which base pairs with adenine of DNA in the newly formed molecule of RNA

Uracil

What accounts for 60 to 80% of the bodies weight

Water

Sudie works as an administrative assistant it has developed carpal tunnel syndrome what part of her body is affected

Wrist

And cell division the term that refers to division of the cytoplasm is

cytokinesis

The three major components of cytoplasm are the

cytosol, organelles, and inclusions

which of the following DNA base pairs is complementary? a. thymine b. adenine and guanine c. cytosine and adenine d. adenine and thymine e. guanine and uracil

d. adenine and thymine

The study of the structure in shape of the body and its parts in their relationships to one another is called

Anatomy

Jerome plays football and broke a bone in the tarsal region this region is the

Ankle

If the sequence of nitrogen bases in one state of DNA is GTAGCA the sequence of faces on is complementary DNA strand would be

CAT-CGT

The body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions is referred to as

Homeostasis

Which system covers the external surface of the area and protects deeper tissues

Integumentary system

The period of a cell cycle when the cell grows in performs its metabolic activities is

Interphase

Edna tore a ligament in the patellar region anticipate having difficulty with her __

Knee

The Oregon now responsible for making the majority of ATP in a cell is the

Mitochondrion

The skeletal muscles that contract and shortened to move the bones from the ___ system

Muscular

Which of the following activities represents a psychological study

Observing how the heart contracts to pump blood

The specialize cellular compartments within the cytosol of the cell are collectively called

Organelles

Milk production during breast-feeding is increased by the cycling of a newborn from his mothers nipple this type of feedback mechanism best describes

Positive feedback

The serial region is __ to the crural region

Posterior

And he sustained a baseball hat to his cranial cavity which bones were fractured

Skull

A cell is isotonic to the surrounding 4% dextrose solution if the cells move to a 6% dextrose solution then predict what will happen to the cell

The cell will shrink

To perform heart surgery and incision is made into the __ cavity

Thoracic

The molecule that carries an amino acid to the ribosome for incorporation into the protein is

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Some anabiotic's inhibit TRNA from delivering amino acids to the ribosome what process cannot be completed

Translation

which statement best describes why ATP is an important nucleic acid in the body? a. ATP functions as a catalyst to increase reaction rates b. ATP carries out the orders for protein synthesis issued by DNA c. ATP provides a form of chemical energy all body cells can use d. ATP is the storage form of glucose in the body e. ATP is a modified RNA molecule used to store genetic info

c. ATP provides a form of chemical energy all body cells can use

what is the function of DNA? a. DNA increases the rate of a chemical reaction without becoming part of the product b. DNA carries out the orders of protein synthesis issued by RNA c. DNA provides instructions for building every protein in the body d. DNA serves as the most important fuel for the body e. DNA serves as a form of chemical energy that all body cells can use

c. DNA provides instructions for building every protein in the body

matter is best described as ___ a. the ability to do work b. the ability to put matter into motion c. anything that occupies space and has mass d. having no mass

c. anything that occupies space and has mass

an atom of magnesium has lost two electrons. It is known as a ________ a. molecule b. anion c. cation d. neutral atom e. isotope

c. cation

the reaction sucrose + water --> glucose + fructose is an ex of an ___ a. neutralization reaction b. synthesis reaction c. decomposition reaction d. double replacement reaction e. anabolic reaction

c. decomposition reaction

the movement of ions across plasma membranes is an ex of ___ a. mechanical energy b. chemical energy c. electrical energy d. radiant energy e. potential energy

c. electrical energy

which statement best describes fibrous protiens? a. fibrous proteins are the major source of stored energy in the body

c. fibrous proteins most often appear in body structures

what type of bond results when electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another? a. carbon bond b. non polar covalent bond c. ionic bond d. polar covalent bond e. hydrogen bond

c. ionic bond

during a synthesis section, amino acids join to form ____ a. carbohydrates b. nucleic acids c. proteins d. monomers

c. proteins

an atom with 6 protons, 7 neutrons, and 6 electrons shares four pairs of electrons with four other atoms. This atom is now considered to be ___ a. an anion b. a neutral atom c. stable d. an ion e. a cation

c. stable

the complementary base to adenine in a molecule of DNA is ___ a. cytosine b. guanine c. thymine d. leucine

c. thymine

The heart and blood vessels are the primary organs of the ___ system

cardiovascular