Anatomy

The direct pyramidal fascicle (tract) is located in: A. Anterior cord; B. Lateral cord; C. Posterior cord; D. Anterior horn; E. None of the above;

A. Anterior cord;

The pons has posterior: A. Cerebellum, via IV Ventricle B. Dorsum sellae C. Thalamus D. Posterior edge of the great occipital foramen E. Occipital lobe

A. Cerebellum, via IV Ventricle

The diencephalon contains the following structures, except: A. Hyppocampus B. Thalamus C. Subthalamus D. Metathalamus E. Epithalamus

A. Hyppocampus

1. The bulb (medulla) is not vascularized by: A. Basal artery A. Vertebral artery B. Main artery of the brainstem C. The anterior spine artery D. None of above

C. The anterior spine artery

What kind of cords are in white matter: A) Sensitive B) The association C) Motors D) All of the above E) None of the above

D) All of the above

The gray matter is composed of: A) Nerve fiber B) Tracts C) Columns D) All of the above E) None of the above

E) None of the above

One of the following structures is located below head of caudate nucleus: A. Internal white capsule - anterior limb B. Corpus callosum C. Extreme white capsule D. Ansa lenticularis E. Internal white capsule - posterior limb

A. Internal white capsule - anterior limb

Pulvinar belongs to the following nuclear group of the thalamus: A. Lateral nuclei B. Ventral nuclei C. Reticular thalamic nucleus D. Medial nuclei E. Anterior nuclei

A. Lateral nuclei

The somatic efferent column of the brainstem contains the following nuclei, except: A. Nucleus of IIIrd nerve B. Nucleus of IVth nerve C. Nucleus of Xth nerve D. Nucleus of VIth nerve E. Nucleus of XIIth nerve

A. Nucleus of IIIrd nerve

The hypothalamic sulcus (groove) is located: A. On the lateral wall of the third ventricle B. On the posterior wall of the third ventricle C. On the anterior wall of the third ventricle D. On the inferior wall of the third ventricle E. On the superior wall of the third ventricle

A. On the lateral wall of the third ventricle

The lemniscal system has the following characteristics, except: A. Presents a small number of synapses B. Makes possible a real discrimination of the stimuli C. Is phylogenetically old D. Presents a high speed of conduction E. The fibres of this system are somatotopic arranged

A. Presents a small number of synapses

The N2 (second order) neuron for the moment control proprioceptive sensibility (unconscious proprioceptive sensibility) may have the following locations, except: A. The accessory gracile nucleus B. The lamina Rexed VI C. The accessory cuneate nucleus D. Thoracic nucleus of Clarke (lamina Rexed VII) E. The lamina Rexed V

A. The accessory gracile nucleus

The fourth layer of the retina, from the external to the internal part is represented by: A. external nuclear lamina - contains the body of the receptor cells B. internal nuclear lamina - contains the first order neurons of the pathway C. ganglion cells lamina - contains the second order neurons of the pathway D. optic nerve fibers lamina E. internal plexiform lamina - consists of the synapses between the N1 and N2 of the pathway

A. external nuclear lamina - contains the body of the receptor cells

True statement is: A. hyaloid artery and vein will give rise to the central artery and vein of the retina B. the retina develops from the 2 layers of the mesenchyme C. the cilliary body and iris develop from the inner and outer layer of the optic cup, posterior to ora serrata D. the cillary muscle develops from the lens vesicles E. none of the above

A. hyaloid artery and vein will give rise to the central artery and vein of the retina

Hypothalamo-hypophiseal portal system A. is considered to be of great functional significance, carrying the hormones elaborated in the small hypothalamic neurons B. consists of unmyelinated axons C. is formed by the reticular substantia of the brainstem D. is formed small neurons from the infundibular nc. and related nuclei E. transports the vasopressin and oxytocin in the posterior lobe of the hypophysis,

A. is considered to be of great functional significance, carrying the hormones elaborated in the small hypothalamic neurons

The gustatory area (area 43) is A. located in the inferior part of the postcentral gyrus B. located in the postcentral gyrus C. represented by the transverse temporal gyri D. located on the inferior surface of the temporal lobe E. located belongs to the limbic system.

A. located in the inferior part of the postcentral gyrus

The special afferent somatic fibers may be, except: A. taste For B. For smell C. For sight D. For hearing E. All of above

A. taste For

True statement is: A. the retina derives from the optic cup B. the cilliary body derives from the optic cup C. the optic vesicles give rise to the optic cups D. the iris derives from the optic cup E. all of the above

A. the retina derives from the optic cup

Find the incorrect answer regarding the Vater-Pacini corpuscles: A. Are stimulated by vibrations B. Are relatively large bodies C. Are located subcutaneously D. Are stimulated by constant pressure E. Are mechanorecepors

Are stimulated by constant pressure

1. The spinal cord it's situated between: A) C1 and L3 B) C1 and L1-L2 C) C1 and L4 D) C2 and L1- L2 E) C1 and Sacrum

B) C1 and L1-L2

Which of the following cortical layers are well defined in the sensitive cortical areas: A. 1st and 3rd B. 2nd and 4th C. 3rd and 5th D. 1st and 5th E. 5th and 6th

B. 2nd and 4th

The grey matter on cross section has 3 horns : A. Anterior: sensitive , Lateral - motor , Posterior - motor B. Anterior : motor, Lateral -vegetative , Posterior- sensitive C. Anterior : vegetative, Lateral -sensitive, Posterior - motor D. Anterior : motor , Lateral - sensitive, Posterior -motor E. All horns are associative

B. Anterior : motor, Lateral -vegetative , Posterior- sensitive

The paleostriatum consists of: A. Putamen B. Caudate nucleus C. Thalamus D. Globus pallidus E. Hippocampal formation

B. Caudate nucleus

Lamina X Rexed: A. Corresponds to the head of the anterior horn B. Corresponds to the central gray matter C. Corresponds to the base of the anterior horn D. Corresponds to the head of the posterior horn E. Corresponds to the base of the posterior horn

B. Corresponds to the central gray matter

Meninges are made up of folowing components: A. Schwann lyer B. Dura C. Prearahnoid D. Lemniscus E. Subdura

B. Dura

The posterior column of the spinal cord contains the following tract: A. Reticulospinal tract B. Fasciculus cuneatus C. Tectospinal tract D. Posterior spinocerebellar tract E. Lateral spinothalamic tract

B. Fasciculus cuneatus

The paleostriate contains the following structure: A. Hypothalamus B. Globus pallidus C. Hyppocampus D. Caudate nucleus E. Putamen

B. Globus pallidus

It is a limit of the brainstem: A. Superior the pyramidal decay B. Inferior the pyramidal decay C. Superior the inferior edge of dorsum sellae D. Lateral the thalamus E. Inferior the origin of vagus nerve

B. Inferior the pyramidal decay

The culmen on the vermis of the cerebellum corresponds to the following structures on the cerebellar hemisphere: A. Lobule simplex B. Lobule biventer C. Quadrangular lobule D. Inferior semilunar lobule E. Superior semilunar lobule

B. Lobule biventer

The calcarine sulcus (fissure) is located: A. On the insula B. On the medial aspect of the occipital lobe C. On the inferior aspect of the temporal lobe D. On the medial aspect of the parietal lobe E. On the lateral aspect of the frontal lobe

B. On the medial aspect of the occipital lobe

The spinal nerve gives the following rami, except: A. The gray ramus communicans B. The meningeal ramus C. The white ramus communicans D. The ventral ramus E. The dorsal ramus

B. The meningeal ramus

Which of the following cerebellar arteries is a collateral branch of the vertebral artery: A. The anterior inferior cerebellar artery B. The posterior inferior cerebellar artery C. The superior cerebellar artery D. All of the above E. None of the above

B. The posterior inferior cerebellar artery

The first order neuron (N1) of the gustative pathway is located in: A. The ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus (VPM) B. The sensitive ganglia of the cranial nerves VII, IX and X. C. The gustatory area (43) D. The taste buds E. The cranial part of the solitary nucleus

B. The sensitive ganglia of the cranial nerves VII, IX and X.

The lateral wall of the third ventricle is formed by: A. The choroid layer B. The thalamus and the hypothalamus C. The hyppocampus D. The lentiform nucleus and the caudate nucleus E. The mammilary bodies

B. The thalamus and the hypothalamus

Nuclear groups of thalamus are, except: A. The intralaminar nuclei B. The ventral group C. The dorsal group D. The nuclei of the midline E. The anterior group

B. The ventral group

The parts (segments) of the internal carotid artery are the following, except: A. Cerebral part B. part Thoracic C. Petrous part D. Cervical part E. Cavernous part

B. part Thoracic

One of the following structures is not a part of the limbic system: A. Olfactory system B. Hippocampal formation C. Anterior perforated substance D. Posterior perforated substance E. Amygdaloid complex

C. Anterior perforated substance

1. The optopenduncular space is delimited between, with the exception of: A. Optic chiasm B. Optic tracts C. Dorsum sellae D. Cerebral peduncles E. None of above

C. Dorsum sellae

1. The Waldeyer nucleus is found the the Lamina : A. II B. IV C. I D. IX E. X

C. I

Hypothalamus is involved for the following process with one exception: A. Sexual behaviors and reproduction B. Biological clocks C. Is part of spinotalamic tract D. Emotion, fear, aversion, pleasure, reward E. Recent memory, being part of the circuit of Papez

C. Is part of spinotalamic tract

The IV ventricle: A. It is a dilatation of the ependymal channel between spinal cord and cerebellum B. Has a floor represented by a white matter blade, upper medullary veil C. It is a dilatation of the ependymal canal between cerebral trunk and cerebellum D. The roof is represented by the rhomboid fossa E. Contain CRL secreted by the lower medullary veil

C. It is a dilatation of the ependymal canal between cerebral trunk and cerebellum

The following are ascending tracts, except one: A. Spinocerebellar posterior B. Spinovestibular lateral C. Olivospinal D. Spinotectal E. Spinotalamic anterior

C. Olivospinal

Find the correct answer regarding the cerebellar nuclei: A. The emboliform nucleus belongs to paleocerebellum B. The globose nucleus belongs to neocerebellum C. The fastigial nucleus belongs to the neocerebellum D. The dentate nucleus belongs to archicerebellum E. The globose nucleus belongs to archicerebellum

C. The fastigial nucleus belongs to the neocerebellum

The nuclei of the pons: A. Are placed at the limit between crus cerebri and tegment B. Extend from pontomezencephalic sulcus to the subthalamic region C. Their efferences reach the cerebellum through three cords D. Are represented by the olive part E. Have two blades dorsal and ventral

C. Their efferences reach the cerebellum through three cords

True statements is: A. hindbrain is also called mesencephalon B. the optic vesicles develop from the rombencephalon C. choroid and sclera develop from surface ectoderm. D. the optic vesicles develop from the diencephalon portion of the forebrain E. the critical period for the development of the eye is middle of week 5 to middle of week 9

C. choroid and sclera develop from surface ectoderm.

Find the incorrect answer regarding the chief trigeminal nucleus: A. it contains the second order neurons of the discriminative sensibility of the head B. continues the spinal trigeminal nucleus C. it contains the second order neurons of the exteroceptive sensibility of the head D. it is located in the pontine tegmentum E. extends between the level of the apparent origin of the trigeminal nerve and the junction pons-midbrain

C. it contains the second order neurons of the exteroceptive sensibility of the head

The medial group of thalamic nuclei consists A. anterior ventral (AV), B. anterior medial (AM) C. large medial dorsal nucleus D. anterior dorsal (AD). E. ventral posteromedial (VPM)

C. large medial dorsal nucleus

The 3 columns that we find in the white matter are, except : A. anterior - between the anterior horns and the anterior groove B. lateral - between the anterior horns and the posterior horns C. medial between the medial fissure and the anterior horns D. posterior - between the posterior horns and posterior median groove E. posterior - posterior horns

C. medial between the medial fissure and the anterior horns

True statement is: A. the tympanic membrane separates the cochlear duct from scala tympani B. the vestibular membrane separates the cochlear duct from scala tympani C. the basilar membrane separates the cochlear duct from scala vestibuli D. the spiral ligament attaches the median angle of the cochlear duct E. in the 10th week the 2 perilymphatic spaces appear around the cochlear duct

C. the basilar membrane separates the cochlear duct from scala vestibuli

The visual retina consists of: A. 8 layers B. 11 layers C. 9 layers D. 12 layers E. 10 layers

E. 10 layers

The hyppocampus consists of: A. 6 layers B. 3 layers C. 7 layers D. 5 layers

D. 5 layers

The anterior (ventral) spinothalamic tract conducts the following sensibility: A. Discriminative touch B. Moment control (unconscious) proprioceptive sensibility C. Pain D. Nondiscriminative (crude) touch E. Kinestesic (conscious) proprioceptive sensibility

D. Nondiscriminative (crude) touch

The pain may be: A. Somatic, due to the tissue lesion B. Visceral, due to a visceral distension or spasm C. Central, due to a compression on the nerves, spinal cord D. Mixed, in cancer E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Find the correct answer regarding the posterior limb of the internal white capsule: A. Separates the head of the caudate nucleus from the thalamus B. Splits the globus pallidus into a medial part and a lateral part C. Separates the thalamus from the lentiform nucleus D. Separates the head of the caudate nucleus from the lentiform nucleus E. Separates the putamen from the globus pallidus

D. Separates the head of the caudate nucleus from the lentiform nucleus

The spinal cord extends inferior down to: A. The L3-L4 vertebra level B. The T11-T12 vertebra level C. The T12-L1 vertebra level D. The L1-L2 vertebra level E. The L2-L3 vertebra level

D. The L1-L2 vertebra level

The following cerebellar nucleus belongs to neocerebellum: A. The red nucleus B. The globose nucleus C. The fastigial nucleus D. The dentate nucleus E. The emboliform nucleus

D. The dentate nucleus

The lateral groove (sulcus) of Sylvius on the lateral face separates the following lobes: A. The frontal to the parietal; B. The parietal to the occipital; C. The frontal to the temporal; D. The parietal to the temporal; E. The temporal to the occipital;

D. The parietal to the temporal;

Limbic system consists the following with one exception: A. olfactory system B. anterior perforated substance C. septal area D. corpus calosum E. amygdaloid complex

D. corpus calosum

All the following remarks regarding the pontocerebellum are correct, except: A. is interposed in cortico-ponto-cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit B. is interposed in cortico-olivo-cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit C. Is related with the execution and adjustment of the voluntary, fine movements D. is interconnected with the motor cortex E. Is involved in the maintaining of the equilibrium and the coordination of the movements of the head and eyeballs

D. is interconnected with the motor cortex

The primary olfactory cortex consists of the following elements, except: A. limen insulae B. periamygdalian area C. the prepiriform area D. mitral cells E. lateral olfactory gyrus

D. mitral cells

It is not a relation of the medulla oblongata: A. Anterior the atlantooccipital membrane B. Posterior the atlantooccipital membrane C. Anterior the tooth of the axis D. Anterior the arch of the atlas E. Anterior dorsum sellae

E. Anterior dorsum sellae

26The anterior or supraoptic region of the hypothalamus contains the following nuclei, except: A. Supraoptic nucleus B. Anterior nucleus C. Suprachiasmatic nucleus D. Paraventricular nucleus E. Arcuate nucleus

E. Arcuate nucleus

Nonspecific thalamic nuclei without cortical projection include: A. Ventral anterior nucleus B. Pulvinar C. Nuclei of the midline D. Reticular nucleus E. Intralaminar nuclei

E. Intralaminar nuclei

According to the particular energy forms or modalities to which they are especially sensitive, the receptors are, except: A. Thermoreceptors B. Chemoreceptors C. Nociceptors D. Photoreceptors E. Proprioreceptors

E. Proprioreceptors

The posterior extremity of the thalamus is called: A. Thalamic tubercle; B. Epithalamus; C. Stria medullaris; D. Putamen; E. Pulvinar;

E. Pulvinar;

The red nucleus has the following afferences with an exception: A. Corticorubic B. Striorubic C. Vestibulorubic D. Cerebrorubic E. Rubrospinal

E. Rubrospinal

33The olivary complex has the following ascending afferent fibers: A. Strioolivary fibers B. Rubroolivary fibers C. Nigroolivary fibers D. Corticoolivary fibers E. Spinoolivary tract

E. Spinoolivary tract

It is false about the rhomboid fossa: A. Represent the floor of the ventricle IV B. The small diagonal of the rhombus represent the acoustic striations. C. Locus coeruleus is located upper trigon of the rhombus fossa D. In the depth of the upper fossa is the nucleus of the nerve V E. The medial eminence is a chemoreceptor area poor in neurons

E. The medial eminence is a chemoreceptor area poor in neurons

The pre-olivary groove of the medulla oblongata contains the apparent origin of the following cranial nerve: A. IX glossopharyngeal B. VIII vestibulocochlear C. XI accessory D. X vagus E. XII hypoglossal

E. XII hypoglossal

Following sentences about thalamic peduncles are correct with one exception: A. the anterior peduncle connects the anterior and medial nuclear groups with the frontal lobe B. the superior peduncle connects the ventral and lateral nuclei with the frontal and parietal lobes; C. the posterior peduncle connects the pulvinar and the lateral geniculate body, with the occipital lobe and with the posterior part of the parietal lobe; D. the inferior peduncle connects the posterior part of the thalamus and the medial geniculate body, with the temporal lobe E. the posterior peduncle connects the adesio-interthalamica with the occipital lobe and with the posterior part of the parietal lobe;

E. the posterior peduncle connects the adesio-interthalamica with the occipital lobe and with the posterior part of the parietal lobe;