Anatomy and Physiology Ch. 10 Test

When typing a patient's blood, agglutination occurred with anti-A and anti-Rh antibodies. What is this patient's blood type? B negative O positive A positive AB positive

A positive

Which of these is characteristic of whole blood? Which of these is characteristic of whole blood? A. five times the viscosity of water B. volume in men about 8 liters C. pH of 7 D. hematocrit of 60%

A. five times the viscosity of water

Which cell the precursor of all types of blood-formed elements? A hemocytoblast B lymphoid stem cell C myeloid stem cell D megakaryocytes

A. hemocytoblast

Which blood cells are responsible for fighting infections? A erythrocytes B globulins C leukocytes D platelets

C Leukocytes

Which red blood cell disorder causes misshapen cell? A. polycythemia B. leukocytosis C. anemia D. leukemia

C. anemia Anemia results from a lower-than-normal number of red blood cells or an abnormal or deficient hemoglobin content in the blood. This image shows a sickled red blood cell resulting from sickle cell anemia, one form of anemia.

Which leukocytes release histamine during the inflammatory response? A. neutrophils B. eosinophils C. basophils D. monocytes

C. basophils

Which of these occurs first in hemostasis? A. platelet plug formation B. thrombus formation C. vascular spasm D. fibrin activation

C. vascular spasm

Clotting is necessary to mend breaks in circulatory vessels and to prevent extreme losses of blood, but it can also have detrimental effects if unregulated. Various factors may either enhance or inhibit this process.

Cloth enhancers; Tissue factor, PF3, Calcium ions, Thrombin, Fibrinogen, Vitamin K Cloth inhibitors: Aspirin, Heparin, Coumadin, Neither: Serum

Which of these indicates leukocytosis? A. WBC count lower than 10,000 cells/mm3 B. WBC count higher than 5,000 cells/mm3 C. WBC count lower than 4,000 cells/mm3 D. WBC count higher than 11,000 cells/mm3

D. WBC count higher than 11,000 cells/mm3

Which of these functions to maintain osmotic and pH balance? A. fibrinogen B. urea C. globulin D. albumin

D. albumin

Which of these is a function of erythrocytes? A. fighting infection B. stimulating blood clotting C. transporting excess iron D. helping transport carbon dioxide

D. helping transport carbon dioxide

Which of these formed elements is responsible for stopping bleeding? A. lymphocyte B. neutrophil C. monocyte D. platelet

D. platelet

Rh antigens are separate from ABO antigens and were originally discovered in Rhesus monkeys. An Rh- mom carrying her second Rh+ fetus is at risk for hemolytic disease of the newborn. Anti-Rh antibodies are not automatically made, unlike the antibodies in ABO blood groups. An Rh+ mom carrying an Rh- fetus is at risk for hemolytic disease of the newborn. Anti-Rh antibodies are automatically made, like the antibodies in ABO blood groups.

Rh antigens are similar to AB antigens in that they are all present on the cell surfaces of a subset of the population, but Rh antigens are different from AB antigens because antibodies against Rh are not automatically made but anti-A and anti-B antibodies are automatically made. Select all correct statements about Rh antigen. An Rh- mom carrying her second Rh+ fetus is at risk for hemolytic disease of the newborn. Anti-Rh antibodies are not automatically made, unlike the antibodies in ABO blood groups.

O- and AB+ are two of the least common blood types. What are some of the characteristics of these two blood types?

[Type AB+] A and B antigen, universal recipient, Rh Antigen, Agglutinate with anti-sera, Agglutinate with anti B-sera [Type O-] Universal Donor, Anti-A and B antibody

What triggers the adherence of platelets to the wall of an injured blood vessel? endothelium thrombin activation collagen fibers vascular spasm

collagen fibers

Which of these is a normal value for whole blood? Which of these is a normal value for whole blood? pH: 6.8 to 7.2 hematocrit: 45% water: 65% of plasma volume erythrocytes: 4,000 to 6,000 thousand per mm3 of blood

hematocrit: 45%

Which of the following inhibits clot formation? Which of the following inhibits clot formation? heparin serotonin serum tissue factor

heparin

Which blood cells are responsible for fighting infections? A erythrocytes B globulins C leukocytes D platelets

leukopenia

What blood type has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their plasma? type Rh-negative type AB type Rh-positive type O

type O

What blood type can a person with O negative blood receive in a transfusion? type O positive type AB positive type AB negative type O negative

type O negative

Which of these occurs first in hemostasis? Which of these occurs first in hemostasis? platelet plug formation fibrin activation vascular spasm thrombus formation

vascular spasm

In the case of pregnancy, the danger lies in a sensitized Rh- mother carrying an Rh+ fetus. How does this harm the fetus?

1 Rh- mother deliver healthy first Rh+ baby 2 Rh- mother is exposed to Rh+ antigens 3 Rh-mother makes anti-Rh antibodies 4 Rh-mother is pregnant with second Rh+baby 5 Anti-Rh antibodies cross the placenta 6 Anti-Rh antibodies destroy Rh+ baby's RBC

What are the blood types of the ABO blood groups based on? A. Rh blood groups B. antigens on the surface of RBCs C. antibodies in the blood plasma D. antigens in the blood plasma

B. antigens on the surface of RBCs

What is the most common type of formed element? A. neutrophils B. erythrocytes C. agranulocytes D. platelets

B. erythrocytes

Which of these is a normal value for whole blood? A. erythrocytes: 4,000 to 6,000 thousand per mm3 of blood B. hematocrit: 45% C. pH: 6.8 to 7.2 D. water: 85% of plasma volume

B. hematocrit: 45%

What disorder is associated with deficiency of clotting factors? A. thrombocytopenia B. hemophilia C. thrombosis D. embolism

B. hemophilia

What term refers to a deficiency of white blood cells? A. polycythemia B. leukopenia C. leuocytosis D. leukemia

B. leukopenia

What type of anemia is associated with atrophy of the stomach mucosa in the elderly? A. hemolytic anemia B. pernicious anemia C. iron-deficiency anemia D. aplastic anemia

B. pernicious anemia

Which anemia is caused by a genetic mutation? A. hemolytic anemia B. sickle cell anemia C. aplastic anemia D. pernicious anemia

B. sickle cell anemia

Which of these is a plasma electrolyte? A. platelet B. albumin C. chloride D. urea

C. Chloride

What is the function of a monocyte? A. fighting parasitic worms B. clotting blood C. changing into macrophages that fight chronic infection D. playing a role in the immune response in lymphatic tissues

C. changing into macrophages that fight chronic infection Monocytes are phagocytes that change into macrophages when they enter tissues.

What triggers the adherence of platelets to the wall of an injured blood vessel? A. thrombin activation B. endothelium C. collagen fibers D. vascular spasm

C. collagen fibers

What is the name of the stem cell that gives rise to all formed elements? A. agranulocyte B. granulocyte C. hemocytoblast

C. hemocytoblast

A newborn baby is diagnosed with physiologic jaundice. What instructions are likely given to the parents? A. Provide prescription medication. B. Feed a special diet. C. Take the baby to a major hospital for diagnostic tests. D. Feed well and keep an eye on the baby.

D. Feed well and keep an eye on the baby. Jaundice in newborns usually is not serious and resolves on its own (as long as the baby isn't dehydrated).

A cross match of a pint of blood before a transfusion shows agglutination of the donated blood when checked against the recipient's blood type. Is the blood safe for transfusion? A. No, the donor blood has antibodies not found in the recipient's blood. B. Yes, the cross match shows that the donor blood is compatible with the recipient's blood type. C. No, antibodies in the donor blood will cross-react with antibodies in the recipient's blood. D. No, the donor blood has antigens not found in the recipient's blood.

D. No, the donor blood has antigens not found in the recipient's blood. Blood agglutinates when an antigen is present that reacts with antibodies in the recipient's blood.

Donor and recipient blood types are A positive. Mixing recipient serum with donor RBCs caused agglutination. No agglutination occurred when donor serum was mixed with recipient RBCs. Is the blood safe for transfusion? Donor and recipient blood types are A positive. Mixing recipient serum with donor RBCs caused agglutination. No agglutination occurred when donor serum was mixed with recipient RBCs. Is the blood safe for transfusion? A. Yes, typing and cross matching show that the donor blood is compatible with the recipient's blood type. B. No, antibodies in the recipient's blood will cross-react with antibodies in the donor blood. C. No, antibodies in the recipient's plasma are interacting with some unidentified antigen on the donor RBCs. D. No, the donor blood has antibodies that will react with recipient RBCs.

No, antibodies in the recipient's plasma are interacting with some unidentified antigen on the donor RBCs.

Which of these indicates leukocytosis? Which of these indicates leukocytosis? WBC count higher than 11,000 cells/mm3 hemoglobin value less than 12mg/100 ml blood WBC count between 5-10,000 cells/mm3 WBC count lower than 4,000 cells/mm3

WBC count higher than 11,000 cells/mm3

Pernicious anemia is caused by lack of vitamin B12 absorption by the small intestine. What substance is lacking or in low concentrations that causes this condition? Pernicious anemia is caused by lack of vitamin B12 absorption by the small intestine. What substance is lacking or in low concentrations that causes this condition? histamine intrinsic factor iron erythropoietin

intrinsic factor

Which patient might be diagnosed with physiologic jaundice? newborn baby elderly male individual with liver disease person with malaria

newborn baby

What type of anemia is associated with atrophy of the stomach mucosa in the elderly? What type of anemia is associated with atrophy of the stomach mucosa in the elderly? pernicious anemia aplastic anemia hemolytic anemia iron-deficiency anemia

pernicious anemia

What is the basis of the ABO blood groups? What is the basis of the ABO blood groups? antigens in the blood plasma Rh blood groups presence of anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma presence or absence of A and B antigens on the surface of RBCs

presence or absence of A and B antigens on the surface of RBCs

Which clotting factor converts fibrinogen to fibrin? Which clotting factor converts fibrinogen to fibrin? platelets serum thrombin calcium

thrombin

Which blood type can be transfused into a person with type A blood? A. blood type AB B. blood type B C. blood type A D. both blood types B and AB

C. blood type A Blood type A can receive type A because it contains the same antigen. Type O blood could also be given since it lacks both the A and B antigens.