Anatomy & Physiology Ch 4
lateral cricoarytenoid muscle
attaches to the cricoid and the muscular process of the arytenoid, causing the muscular process to move forward and medially
cricothyroid muscle
composed of 2 heads, the pars recta and pars oblique
hyoid bone
only bone in the body not attached to another bone
stylohyoid
originiates on the prominent styloid process of the temporal bone, a point medial to the mastoid process
arytenoid cartilage
ride on the high-backed upper surface of the cricoid cartilage, forming the posterior point of attachment for the vocal folds
arytenoid
ride on the superior surface of the cricoid, with the cricoidarytenoid joint permitting rotation, rocking, and gliding
lateral thyrohyoid ligament
runs from the superior cornu of the thyroid to the posterior tip of the greater cornu hyoid.
cricoid cartilage
a complete ring resting atop the trachea is the most inferior of the laryngeal cartilages
cricothyroid joint
a diarthroidal, pivoting joint that permits the rotation of the two articulating structures
epiglottis
a leaflike cartilage that is a protective structure in that it will drop to cover the orifice of the larynx during swallowing
omohyoid muscle
a muscle with two bellies.
larynx
a musculocartilaginous structure located at that upper end of the trachea
vocal ligament
a structure giving a degree of stiffness and support to the vocal folds
digrastricus muscle
actually composed of two separate bellies
pars oblique
arises from the cricoid cartilage lateral to the pars recta, coursing obliquely up to insert into the point of juncture between the thyroid laminae and inferior horns
corniculate
attach to the upper margin of the arytenoids
crichotracheal ligament
attaches the trachea to the larynx
genioglossus muscle
more appropriately considered a muscle of the tongue
hyoglossus
tongue depressor because it has attachments on both of these structures
transverse arytenoid muscle
unpaired muscle is a band of fibers spanning the posterior surface of both the arytenoid cartilages
extrinsic laryngeal muscles
one attachment on a laryngeal cartilage and the other attachment on a non laryngeal structure
hyoid bone
only bone in the body that does not attach to anything else
external (lateral) thyroarytenoid
originates on the inner surface of the thyroid cartilage, near the notch and lateral to the origin of the thyrovocalis
mylohyoid muscle
originates on the underside of the mandible and courses to the corpus hyoid
thyrohyoid muscle
will either depress the hyoid or raise the larynx
corniculate cartilage
rides on the superior surface of each arytenoid and are prominent landmarks in the aryepiglottic folds
sternohyoid muscle
runs from sternum to the hyoid
cricoid
shaped like a signet ring, higher in the back
thyrohyoid membrane
stretches across the space between the greater cornu of the hyoid and the lateral thyroid
geniohyoid muscle
superior to the mylohyoid, originating at the mental spines projecting in a course parallel to the anterior belly of the diagastricus from the inner mandibular surface
cricoarytenoid joint
the articulation formed between the cricoid and arytenoid cartilages
thyroid cartilage
the largest of the laryngeal cartilages, articulating with the cricoid cartilage below by means of paired processes that let it rock forward and backward at that joint
thyrovocalis muscle
the medial muscle of the vocal folds.
pars recta
the medial-most component of the cricothyroid muscle, originating on the anterior surface of the cricoid cartilage immediately beneath the arch
posterior cricoarytenoid muscle
the sole abductor of the vocal folds. small but prominent muscle of the posterior larynx.
sternothyroid muscle
depresses the thyroid cartilage
vestibule
entryway
ventricular folds
false vocal folds, because they are not used for phonation except in rare cases
thyroid
has 2 prominent laminae, superior and inferior horns and a prominent thyroid notch
intrinsic laryngeal muscles
have both origin and insertion on laryngeal cartilages
cornu
horns
hyoepiglotic ligament
how the hyoid bone is connected to the epiglottis
oblique arytenoid muscles
immediately superficial to the transverse arytenoid muscles and perform a similar function. paired muscles that take their origins at the posterior base of the muscular processes to course obliquely up to the apex of the opposite arytenoid
intrinsic ligaments
connect the cartilages to the larynx and form the support structure for the cavity of the larynx , as well as that of the vocal folds
thyromuscularis muscles
considered to be the muscle masses immediately lateral to each thyrovocalis, and which, with eh thyrovocalis, make up the thyroarytenoid muscle