Anatomy & Physiology Ch 4

lateral cricoarytenoid muscle

attaches to the cricoid and the muscular process of the arytenoid, causing the muscular process to move forward and medially

cricothyroid muscle

composed of 2 heads, the pars recta and pars oblique

hyoid bone

only bone in the body not attached to another bone

stylohyoid

originiates on the prominent styloid process of the temporal bone, a point medial to the mastoid process

arytenoid cartilage

ride on the high-backed upper surface of the cricoid cartilage, forming the posterior point of attachment for the vocal folds

arytenoid

ride on the superior surface of the cricoid, with the cricoidarytenoid joint permitting rotation, rocking, and gliding

lateral thyrohyoid ligament

runs from the superior cornu of the thyroid to the posterior tip of the greater cornu hyoid.

cricoid cartilage

a complete ring resting atop the trachea is the most inferior of the laryngeal cartilages

cricothyroid joint

a diarthroidal, pivoting joint that permits the rotation of the two articulating structures

epiglottis

a leaflike cartilage that is a protective structure in that it will drop to cover the orifice of the larynx during swallowing

omohyoid muscle

a muscle with two bellies.

larynx

a musculocartilaginous structure located at that upper end of the trachea

vocal ligament

a structure giving a degree of stiffness and support to the vocal folds

digrastricus muscle

actually composed of two separate bellies

pars oblique

arises from the cricoid cartilage lateral to the pars recta, coursing obliquely up to insert into the point of juncture between the thyroid laminae and inferior horns

corniculate

attach to the upper margin of the arytenoids

crichotracheal ligament

attaches the trachea to the larynx

genioglossus muscle

more appropriately considered a muscle of the tongue

hyoglossus

tongue depressor because it has attachments on both of these structures

transverse arytenoid muscle

unpaired muscle is a band of fibers spanning the posterior surface of both the arytenoid cartilages

extrinsic laryngeal muscles

one attachment on a laryngeal cartilage and the other attachment on a non laryngeal structure

hyoid bone

only bone in the body that does not attach to anything else

external (lateral) thyroarytenoid

originates on the inner surface of the thyroid cartilage, near the notch and lateral to the origin of the thyrovocalis

mylohyoid muscle

originates on the underside of the mandible and courses to the corpus hyoid

thyrohyoid muscle

will either depress the hyoid or raise the larynx

corniculate cartilage

rides on the superior surface of each arytenoid and are prominent landmarks in the aryepiglottic folds

sternohyoid muscle

runs from sternum to the hyoid

cricoid

shaped like a signet ring, higher in the back

thyrohyoid membrane

stretches across the space between the greater cornu of the hyoid and the lateral thyroid

geniohyoid muscle

superior to the mylohyoid, originating at the mental spines projecting in a course parallel to the anterior belly of the diagastricus from the inner mandibular surface

cricoarytenoid joint

the articulation formed between the cricoid and arytenoid cartilages

thyroid cartilage

the largest of the laryngeal cartilages, articulating with the cricoid cartilage below by means of paired processes that let it rock forward and backward at that joint

thyrovocalis muscle

the medial muscle of the vocal folds.

pars recta

the medial-most component of the cricothyroid muscle, originating on the anterior surface of the cricoid cartilage immediately beneath the arch

posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

the sole abductor of the vocal folds. small but prominent muscle of the posterior larynx.

sternothyroid muscle

depresses the thyroid cartilage

vestibule

entryway

ventricular folds

false vocal folds, because they are not used for phonation except in rare cases

thyroid

has 2 prominent laminae, superior and inferior horns and a prominent thyroid notch

intrinsic laryngeal muscles

have both origin and insertion on laryngeal cartilages

cornu

horns

hyoepiglotic ligament

how the hyoid bone is connected to the epiglottis

oblique arytenoid muscles

immediately superficial to the transverse arytenoid muscles and perform a similar function. paired muscles that take their origins at the posterior base of the muscular processes to course obliquely up to the apex of the opposite arytenoid

intrinsic ligaments

connect the cartilages to the larynx and form the support structure for the cavity of the larynx , as well as that of the vocal folds

thyromuscularis muscles

considered to be the muscle masses immediately lateral to each thyrovocalis, and which, with eh thyrovocalis, make up the thyroarytenoid muscle