Anatomy & Physiology I - Chapter 1 Learnsmart

Pataasin ang iyong marka sa homework at exams ngayon gamit ang Quizwiz!

the anatomical term for the great toe is

Hallux

which of the following planes would divide the head into a left half and the right half (each containing one eye, one ear, and half of the nose and mouth)?

Midsagittal

the anatomical term for chest is

Pectoral

True or False: although there is only one midsagittal plane, an infinite number of sagittal planes are possible

True

the anatomical term for navel is

Umbilical

______ is the scientific discipline that studies the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs

anatomy

which directional term means "toward the front surface"

anterior

which term describes the relationship of the stomach to the spinal cord?

anterior

Mammary is to ______ as brachial is to arm

breast

hypothalamus of the brain sets body temperature

control center

integrates input and initiates change

control center

is the structure that interprets input from the receptor and initiates changes through the effector.

control center

the ______ is the structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus

effector

the anatomical term for forehead is

frontal

the anatomical term for buttock

gluteal

body temperature returns to normal

homeostasis

the anatomical term for lower back is

lumbar

the median space in the thoracic cavity is called the

mediastinum

the anatomical term for back of the head is

occipital

which of the following are characteristics of all living thing? organization, organ system, metabolism, tissues, growth and development

organization, metabolism, growth and development

the outer layer of serous membrane, lines the internal walls of the abdominopelvic cavity

pariental peritoneum

a ______ layer lines the internal surface of the body wall

parietal

lungs

pleura

the component of homeostasis, called the ______, is the sensory nerve body structure that detects changes in a variable, which is wither the substance or process that is regulated

receptor

free nerve endings in the skin detect cold

receptors

one of the most important characteristic of living things, involves mechanisms within an organism that maintain a consistent internal environment, also called a "steady stat"

regulation

cold temperature lowers body temperature below normal

stimulus

organs of the abdominal cavity include the

stomach and liver

the correct anatomic directional term for " closer to the head" is

superior

the anatomical term for the medical aspect of the leg, between the knee and ankle, is

tibial

True or False: as the human body grows in size, structures such as the brain become more complex

true

true or false: the wrist is distal to the elbow

true

the anatomical term for the portion of the lower limb between the knee and the ankle is

crural

provides support and protection, site of hemopoiesis

skeletal system

the serous membrane of the abdominal cavity is called the

Peritoneum

the anatomical term for foot is

Pes

scientists who examine how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances, as well as how their functions may change with disease are called

Physiologist

vertebral is to spinal column as olecranon is to

elbow

in a negative feedback process, the resulting action will always be in the ______ direction of the stimulus. what word below makes this sentence true? same , opposite

opposite

heart

pericardium

on the anterior surface of the body, the anatomical term for the region inferior to the thorax and superior to the hip bones is the ______ region

Abdominal

examine the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs.

Anatomists

which region of the body includes the head, neck and trunk?

Axial region

the anatomical term for cheek is

Buccal

the anatomical term for heel is

Calcaneal

the anatomical term for wrist is

Carpal

what subdiscipline of anatomy may explore how the lower limb differs between humans and chimps?

Comparative anatomy

which of the following describes an investigation of the structure and relationships of the body parts that are visible to the unaided eye?

Gross anatomy

the anatomical term for the hand is

Manus

which subdivision of physiology is best described as investigation the relationship between the functioning of an organ system and disease or injury of the organ system?

Pathophysiology

digestive organs

Peritoneum

if one is studying the axillary (armpit area of the body and its nerves, blood vessels, lymph nodes, musculature, connective tissues and skin, which one of the following types of anatomy is being studied?

Regional anatomy

the production of new cells for growth, maintenance, and repair is an example of

Reproduction

which anatomic plane, one that extends through the body vertically and divides structures into right and left portions, is often used to show internal body parts, especially in the head and thoracic organs?

Sagittal plane

which anatomic directional term means "on the outside" or "toward the skin"

Superficial

metabolism consists of both ______ in which small molecules are joined to form larger molecules and ______ in which large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules

anabolism, catabolism

visualizing the body in the ______ ______ is significant because all observers have a common point of reference when describing and discussing its regions

anatomic position

which of the following is not an example of metabolic activities? -breakdown of ingested nutrients -expulsion of wastes from the body -contraction and relaxation of muscles -application of extremely hot temperature to the skin

application of extremely hot temperature to the skin

rank the following terms from simplest to most complex: molecules,macromolecules,organelles,cells,atoms

atoms,molecules,macromolecules,organelles,cells

which are examples of negative feedback regulation?

changes in blood pressure when exercising, changing breathing rate in response to an increase of CO2

composed of atoms and molecules, the simplest level of organization

chemical level is

a ______ plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

coronal

the anatomical term for hip is

coxal

the correct anatomic directional term for " at the head end is" is

cranial

blood vessels in the skin constrict, muscles shiver

effectors

True or False: the nose is lateral to the eyes

false

the anatomical term for thigh is

femoral

the lateral aspect of the leg

fibular refers to

refers to the body's ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment in response to changing internal or external conditions

homeostasis

the abdomen is ______ to the head

inferior

provides protection, regulates body temperature, prevents water loss

integumentary system

the anatomical term for chin is

mental

a ______ plane is a vertical plane that divides the body or organ into equal left and right halves

midsagittal

produces body movement and heat

muscular system

the anatomical term for nose is

nasal

controls body movement and conducts impulses for internal communication

nervous system

the minor plane known as the ______ plane passes through the specimen at an angle

oblique

the serous membrane forming the outermost layer of the sac that surrounds the heart is the

parietal pericardium

which of the following examines anatomic changes resulting from disease?

pathologic anatomy

the anatomical term for the diamond-shaped region between the thighs that contains the anus and selected external reproductive organs is

perineal

______ examines the function of various organ systems

physiology

______ is the discipline in which the function of the body structures is the focus

physiology

when a stimulus is reinforced to continue in the same direction until a climatic event occurs, its best as described as

positive feedback

in regards to the axial region, the ______ aspect contains cavities that are completely encased in bone

posterior

in terms of anatomic directional terms, ______ means in back of or toward the back surface

posterior

the anatomical term for the anterior region of the pelvis is

pubic

perceives a stimulus

receptor

a stimulus to the skin of the hand causes someone to withdraw their hard from the stimulus to prevent damage; this is an example of

responsiveness

the correct anatomic directional term meaning "toward the nose" is

rostral

negative feedback mechanisms work by maintaining the variable within a normal level or what is called a ______ point

set

cephalic is to head as deltoid is to

shoulder

the anatomical term for the calf area is

sural

the anatomical term for ankle is

tarsal

organs of the cranial cavity include

the brain only

which is an accurate description of the anatomic position

the eyes look forward, and the head is level

covers the external surface of the lungs

the visceral pleura

the word anatomy is derived from the Greek word anatome, which could be described by which of the following?

to dissect, to cut apart

A ______ plane separates the body into superior and inferior parts.

transverse

true or false: physiology focuses on the molecular or cellular level to gain an understanding of how organ systems work

true

the correct anatomic directional term for " at the belly side of the human body" is

ventral

the ______ canal contains the spinal cord

vertebral

a ______ layer covers the external surface of organs

visceral


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