Anatomy & Physiology I - Chapter 1 Learnsmart
the anatomical term for the great toe is
Hallux
which of the following planes would divide the head into a left half and the right half (each containing one eye, one ear, and half of the nose and mouth)?
Midsagittal
the anatomical term for chest is
Pectoral
True or False: although there is only one midsagittal plane, an infinite number of sagittal planes are possible
True
the anatomical term for navel is
Umbilical
______ is the scientific discipline that studies the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs
anatomy
which directional term means "toward the front surface"
anterior
which term describes the relationship of the stomach to the spinal cord?
anterior
Mammary is to ______ as brachial is to arm
breast
hypothalamus of the brain sets body temperature
control center
integrates input and initiates change
control center
is the structure that interprets input from the receptor and initiates changes through the effector.
control center
the ______ is the structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus
effector
the anatomical term for forehead is
frontal
the anatomical term for buttock
gluteal
body temperature returns to normal
homeostasis
the anatomical term for lower back is
lumbar
the median space in the thoracic cavity is called the
mediastinum
the anatomical term for back of the head is
occipital
which of the following are characteristics of all living thing? organization, organ system, metabolism, tissues, growth and development
organization, metabolism, growth and development
the outer layer of serous membrane, lines the internal walls of the abdominopelvic cavity
pariental peritoneum
a ______ layer lines the internal surface of the body wall
parietal
lungs
pleura
the component of homeostasis, called the ______, is the sensory nerve body structure that detects changes in a variable, which is wither the substance or process that is regulated
receptor
free nerve endings in the skin detect cold
receptors
one of the most important characteristic of living things, involves mechanisms within an organism that maintain a consistent internal environment, also called a "steady stat"
regulation
cold temperature lowers body temperature below normal
stimulus
organs of the abdominal cavity include the
stomach and liver
the correct anatomic directional term for " closer to the head" is
superior
the anatomical term for the medical aspect of the leg, between the knee and ankle, is
tibial
True or False: as the human body grows in size, structures such as the brain become more complex
true
true or false: the wrist is distal to the elbow
true
the anatomical term for the portion of the lower limb between the knee and the ankle is
crural
provides support and protection, site of hemopoiesis
skeletal system
the serous membrane of the abdominal cavity is called the
Peritoneum
the anatomical term for foot is
Pes
scientists who examine how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances, as well as how their functions may change with disease are called
Physiologist
vertebral is to spinal column as olecranon is to
elbow
in a negative feedback process, the resulting action will always be in the ______ direction of the stimulus. what word below makes this sentence true? same , opposite
opposite
heart
pericardium
on the anterior surface of the body, the anatomical term for the region inferior to the thorax and superior to the hip bones is the ______ region
Abdominal
examine the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs.
Anatomists
which region of the body includes the head, neck and trunk?
Axial region
the anatomical term for cheek is
Buccal
the anatomical term for heel is
Calcaneal
the anatomical term for wrist is
Carpal
what subdiscipline of anatomy may explore how the lower limb differs between humans and chimps?
Comparative anatomy
which of the following describes an investigation of the structure and relationships of the body parts that are visible to the unaided eye?
Gross anatomy
the anatomical term for the hand is
Manus
which subdivision of physiology is best described as investigation the relationship between the functioning of an organ system and disease or injury of the organ system?
Pathophysiology
digestive organs
Peritoneum
if one is studying the axillary (armpit area of the body and its nerves, blood vessels, lymph nodes, musculature, connective tissues and skin, which one of the following types of anatomy is being studied?
Regional anatomy
the production of new cells for growth, maintenance, and repair is an example of
Reproduction
which anatomic plane, one that extends through the body vertically and divides structures into right and left portions, is often used to show internal body parts, especially in the head and thoracic organs?
Sagittal plane
which anatomic directional term means "on the outside" or "toward the skin"
Superficial
metabolism consists of both ______ in which small molecules are joined to form larger molecules and ______ in which large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules
anabolism, catabolism
visualizing the body in the ______ ______ is significant because all observers have a common point of reference when describing and discussing its regions
anatomic position
which of the following is not an example of metabolic activities? -breakdown of ingested nutrients -expulsion of wastes from the body -contraction and relaxation of muscles -application of extremely hot temperature to the skin
application of extremely hot temperature to the skin
rank the following terms from simplest to most complex: molecules,macromolecules,organelles,cells,atoms
atoms,molecules,macromolecules,organelles,cells
which are examples of negative feedback regulation?
changes in blood pressure when exercising, changing breathing rate in response to an increase of CO2
composed of atoms and molecules, the simplest level of organization
chemical level is
a ______ plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
coronal
the anatomical term for hip is
coxal
the correct anatomic directional term for " at the head end is" is
cranial
blood vessels in the skin constrict, muscles shiver
effectors
True or False: the nose is lateral to the eyes
false
the anatomical term for thigh is
femoral
the lateral aspect of the leg
fibular refers to
refers to the body's ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment in response to changing internal or external conditions
homeostasis
the abdomen is ______ to the head
inferior
provides protection, regulates body temperature, prevents water loss
integumentary system
the anatomical term for chin is
mental
a ______ plane is a vertical plane that divides the body or organ into equal left and right halves
midsagittal
produces body movement and heat
muscular system
the anatomical term for nose is
nasal
controls body movement and conducts impulses for internal communication
nervous system
the minor plane known as the ______ plane passes through the specimen at an angle
oblique
the serous membrane forming the outermost layer of the sac that surrounds the heart is the
parietal pericardium
which of the following examines anatomic changes resulting from disease?
pathologic anatomy
the anatomical term for the diamond-shaped region between the thighs that contains the anus and selected external reproductive organs is
perineal
______ examines the function of various organ systems
physiology
______ is the discipline in which the function of the body structures is the focus
physiology
when a stimulus is reinforced to continue in the same direction until a climatic event occurs, its best as described as
positive feedback
in regards to the axial region, the ______ aspect contains cavities that are completely encased in bone
posterior
in terms of anatomic directional terms, ______ means in back of or toward the back surface
posterior
the anatomical term for the anterior region of the pelvis is
pubic
perceives a stimulus
receptor
a stimulus to the skin of the hand causes someone to withdraw their hard from the stimulus to prevent damage; this is an example of
responsiveness
the correct anatomic directional term meaning "toward the nose" is
rostral
negative feedback mechanisms work by maintaining the variable within a normal level or what is called a ______ point
set
cephalic is to head as deltoid is to
shoulder
the anatomical term for the calf area is
sural
the anatomical term for ankle is
tarsal
organs of the cranial cavity include
the brain only
which is an accurate description of the anatomic position
the eyes look forward, and the head is level
covers the external surface of the lungs
the visceral pleura
the word anatomy is derived from the Greek word anatome, which could be described by which of the following?
to dissect, to cut apart
A ______ plane separates the body into superior and inferior parts.
transverse
true or false: physiology focuses on the molecular or cellular level to gain an understanding of how organ systems work
true
the correct anatomic directional term for " at the belly side of the human body" is
ventral
the ______ canal contains the spinal cord
vertebral
a ______ layer covers the external surface of organs
visceral
