Anatomy & Physiology Integumentary System Test
A small amount of ultraviolet radiation is beneficial because it ________.
stimulates vitamin D3 synthesis in the epidermis
A small amount of ultraviolet radiation is beneficial because it ___________.
stimulates vitamin D3 synthesis in the epidermis
Another term for sweat glands is
sudoriferous
The two major components of the integument are
the cutaneous membrane and the accessory structures
Aging results in gray or white hair because
there is less pigment production
As cells are pushed from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface,
they die
The type of burn that injures the hypodermis, deeper tissues, and organs is a(n) ___-degree burn
third-degree burn
Melanin serves to protect cells in the deeper layers of the epidermis from ________.
ultraviolet radiation
Melanin serves to protect cells in the deeper layers of the epidermis from __________.
ultraviolet radiation
Short term paling of the skin occurs with _______________.
vasoconstriction
Epidermal cells synthesize this vitamin when exposed to sunlight.
vitamin D3
Which is the most logical reason for an elderly person's higher potential to be prone to skin infections, compared to a younger person?
Stem cell activity in the epidermis declines in the elderly.
A "rug burn," which scrapes the skin, is an example of a(n)
abrasion
The condition that results from clogged sebaceous glands is
acne
Which of the following is found in the subcutaneous layer ?
adipose tissue
The glands that begin discharging a sticky, cloudy, and potentially odorous secretion at puberty are called ________ glands.
apocrine
Sweat glands that communicate with hair follicles in the armpits (axillary region) and produce an odorous secretion are
apocrine glands
What muscles allow this to occur to the hair ? goose bumps and hair sticking up
arrector pili muscles
Which of the following conditions is the most common form of skin cancer?
basal cell carcinoma
Exposure of the skin to UV radiation ____________________.
can cause DNA alteration in skin cells
Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet light
can slowly increase melanocyte activity
The skin may turn orange as a result of ________ buildup.
carotene
The skin may turn orange as a result of ___________ buildup.
carotene
________ is a pigment found in vegetables that can make skin appear orange or yellow.
carotene
Glands that are located in the passageway of the external ear are called ________ glands.
ceruminous
The skin is also called the ________ membrane.
cutaneous
Shafts of hair are comprised of
dead keratinized dermal cells.
How is the severity of a burn measured ?
depth into the tissues and the total area affected
Blood vessels are located in the
dermis
When a person becomes "pale," what is the physiological basis ?
dilating blood vessels
A ceruminous gland that is over productive would produce an excessive amount of
earwax
Correctly order of the layers of the cutaneous membrane from top to bottom ?
epidermis, dermis, hypodermis
Choose the 3 comonents that form granulation tissue
fibroblasts, capillaries, fibrin blood clot
A burn that destroys only the superficial cells of the epidermis, such as a mild sunburn, is classified as number word-degree
first-degree
Which type of burn appears inflamed and feels tender but has no blisters? number word-degree
first-degree
Hair is formed by the repeated divisions of epithelial stem cells in which structure?
hair matrix
The lipid in oil glands is released through which type of secretion?
holocrine
Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels in the
hypodermis
Perspiration that is produced by apocrine sweat glands
is limited to the hair follicles of the armpits (axillia), nipples, and public region.
This type of skin decor is created by ________ scars african american man with scar/design raised up on skin
keloid
The protein that contributes to many of the skin's protective qualities is called __________.
keratin
Modified and specialized sweat glands that produce milk are called ________ glands.
mammary
The hair _________________ grows, making hair longer.
matrix
In albinism, ________ is lacking.
melanin
In albinism, __________ is lacking.
melanin
The observed difference in skin color reflect the levels of ________________ production.
melanin
The observed differences in skin color reflect the levels of ________ production.
melanin
The most severe type of skin cancer is most likely to develop from
melanocytes
Which type cancer commonly begins as a small mole ?
melanoma
Label the nail body C A E B
nail root, nail body, nail bed, cuticle
Match the color with the term or reason the color is seen in the integumentary system bright red blue melanin cartone
oxygenated blood, cyanosis, brown yellow-brown black, orange-yellow
Thick skin can be found on the _____.
palms
When the body is overheated, the skin responds by
perspiring, cooling the body through evaporation
Functions of the skin include
regulating body temperature
Merocrine sweat glands
respond primarily to elevated body temperature.
Match the portion of skin repair with the actions that are preformed. a blood clot forms a temporary "patch" formed from the combination of a fibrin clot, fibroblasts, capillaries. Macrophage arrive to clean up debris a scab is formed and falls off, the blood clot is broken down by the body. formed from the remaining meshwork of collagen fibers
scab formation, granulation tissue, clot removal, scar formation
What is the correct order for repair of the integument ? scar formation tissue granulation scab formation scab removal
scab formation, tissue granulation, scab removal, scar formation
The two types of exocrine glands in the skin are
sebaceous and sweat glands
What is the function of mammary glands ?
secrete milk for feeding of young
Choose the 3 accessory structures of the Integumentary System
select exocrine glands, nails, hair
When the arrector pili muscles contract
"goose bumps" are formed
When the arrector pili muscles contract,
"goose bumps" are formed
What degree of burn would affect the connective tissues of the skin, which contains capillaries and nerve fibers ?
3rd degree
Which is NOT a component of sweat ?
Ammonia
_________ cells of epithelium and connective tissue undergo cell division to replace lost or damaged tissue.
Stem
Vitamin D3 is essestinal for _____________________.
Calcium and Phosphorus absorption in the small intestine
Epidermal cells synthesize this vitamin when exposed to sunlight
D3
Which of the following is a plausible reason for increased infections due to a break in the integument system, as the skin ages ?
Decrease amount of macrophage residing in the skin
Skin injuries and infections are more common in old age because
Epidermal thinning
Label the skin A B C D E F
Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis, sweat pore, merocrine sweat gland, arrector pili muscle
Which of the following best explains why hair color dulls or turns silver/grey as a person ages ?
Low functioning follicles and decreased melanocyte activity
Which of the following glands are sensitive to hormonal changes, causing acne in many people going through puberty.
Sebaceous
Which type of burn is most painful ? number word-degree
Second-degree
Match the term with its function, make-up or location made of dense keratinized cells deeper level of epithlium covered by the nail body where the nail is produced covered by the cuticle protect tips of fingers and toes
Visible Nail body, Nail bed, nail root, nail