Anatomy Chapter 1 Set 3

CT/CAT scan

(CT= computed tomography CAT= computed axial tomography) both uses computers to reconstruct sectional views

barium-contrast x-ray

(of the upper digestive tract)... presence of very radiodense barium solution causes the contours of the gastric and intestinal lining to appear white

radial procedures

scanning techniques that involve radioisotopes and methods that employ radiation sources outside the body

peritoneum

serous membrane lining the cavity of the abdomen and covering the abdominal organs

ultrasound

sound or other vibrations having an ultrasonic frequency which creates a picture

diaphragm

a dome-shaped, muscular partition separating the thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

mediastinum

a membranous partition between two body cavities or two parts of an organ

radiologists

a person who uses X-rays or other high-energy radiation (CT scan, MRI, Ultrasound)

visceral layer

inner layer of an enveloping sac or bursa that lines the outer surface of the enveloped structure

pleural cavity

is the thin fluid-filled space between the two pulmonary pleurae (visceral and parietal) of each lung

serous membrane

mesothelial tissue that lines certain internal cavities of the body, forming a smooth, transparent, two-layered membrane lubricated by a fluid derived from serum

visceral pericardium

one layer of the visceral pericardium closely adheres to the heart, and the other lines the inner surface of the outer (parietal) pericardium

visceral pleura

one of the two membranes around the lungs; envelops the lungs

parietal pleura

one of the two membranes around the lungs; lines the chest wall

parietal layer

outer layer of an enveloping sac or bursa, usually lining the walls of the cavity or space occupied by the enveloped structure

peritoneal cavity

potential space between the parietal peritoneum (the peritoneum that surrounds the abdominal wall) and visceral peritoneum (the peritoneum that surrounds the internal organs)

radio density

resistance to X-ray penetration

MRI

MRI= magnetic resonance imaging; a diagnostic technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce a detailed image of the body's soft tissue and bones

echogram

diagnostic test which uses ultrasound waves to make images of the heart chambers, valves and surrounding structures

pleura

each of a pair of serous membranes lining the thorax and enveloping the lungs

x-rays

form of high-energy radiation that can penetrate living tissues to produce a picture of bones

ventral body cavity/coelom

front body cavities; including the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity

body cavities

any space in the body of a multicellular organism, containing the viscera or fluid

abdominopelvic cavity

consists of the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity; containing the stomach, liver, pancreas, spleen, gallbladder, kidneys, and most of the small and large intestines

abdominal cavity

containing the lower part of the esophagus, the stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, and bladder

thoracic cavity

containing the lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus gland

pelvic cavity

containing the reproductive organs, the urinary bladder, the pelvic colon, and the rectum

viscera

the internal organs in the main cavities of the body

pericardium

the membrane enclosing the heart, consisting of an outer fibrous layer and an inner double layer of serous membrane

visceral peritoneum

the part of the peritoneum that lines the abdominal viscera

parietal peritoneum

the part of the peritoneum that lines the abdominal wall

pericardial cavity

the space between the layers of the pericardium that contains fluid that lubricates the membrane surfaces and allows easy heart movement

parietal pericardium

the tough thickened membranous outer layer of the pericardium that is attached to the central part of the diaphragm and the posterior part of the sternum