Anatomy Chapter 2

What organic molecule provides a ready source of chemical energy within all cells?

Adenosine triphosphate

A nucleotide of DNA contains 3 components: ______, ______, and ______

Deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen containing base

The subatomic particles that are responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms are the __________.

Electrons

T or F : Glucose and fructose are classified as disaccharides.

False

T or F: Carbon is found in all inorganic compounds.

False

Which polysaccharide is formed of linked glucose molecules and stored in animal tissues?

Glycogen

Covalent bonds:

Involve the sharing of one to three pairs of electrons.

How do ions from ionic bonds?

Ions of opposite electrical charges are attracted to each other to balance the charges.

Isotopes have different numbers of _______; thus they also have different __________.

Neutrons; atomic masses

In which category of organic molecules would you place compounds that catalyze chemical reactions?

Proteins

The organic compunds that function in building tissues and acting as enzymes are the _______.

Proteins

What subatomic particle or particles have a mass of 1, a charger of +1, and are located in the nucleus of an atom?

Proton

The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of ______ an atom contains.

Protons

Which of the following is true of polar covalent bonds?

The electrons are shared unequally

What does the molecular formula CO2 mean?

The molecule has 1 atom of Carbon and 2 atoms of Oxygen.

What occurs when acid is added to a solution with a pH of 7?

The pH drops below 7

The growth of cells and repair of worn out tissues is accomplished by ________.

synthesis reactions

When an ionic bond forms, which parts of the atoms are directly involved?

the outermost electrons

Calcium's atomic number is 20. It forms ions with 18 electrons. What is the electrical charge of a calcium ion?

+2

Proteins are synthesized from _________ during synthesis reactions.

Amino Acids

Which of the following is a protein?

Antibody

Enzymes are _______.

Biological Catalysts

The most common element in the human body is __________.

Oxygen

What is the main type of lipid found in cellular membranes?

Phospholipids

A molecule of water (H2o) is formeed by what type of bond?

Polar Covalent Bonds

Glycogen and starch are examples of a specific category of carbohydrates called __________.

Polysaccharides

Which of the following is classified as an inorganic compound?

Water

What is an ion?

an atom that has either gained or lost electrons

In a covalent bond,

atoms share one or more pairs of electrons