Anatomy Chapter 2
What organic molecule provides a ready source of chemical energy within all cells?
Adenosine triphosphate
A nucleotide of DNA contains 3 components: ______, ______, and ______
Deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen containing base
The subatomic particles that are responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms are the __________.
Electrons
T or F : Glucose and fructose are classified as disaccharides.
False
T or F: Carbon is found in all inorganic compounds.
False
Which polysaccharide is formed of linked glucose molecules and stored in animal tissues?
Glycogen
Covalent bonds:
Involve the sharing of one to three pairs of electrons.
How do ions from ionic bonds?
Ions of opposite electrical charges are attracted to each other to balance the charges.
Isotopes have different numbers of _______; thus they also have different __________.
Neutrons; atomic masses
In which category of organic molecules would you place compounds that catalyze chemical reactions?
Proteins
The organic compunds that function in building tissues and acting as enzymes are the _______.
Proteins
What subatomic particle or particles have a mass of 1, a charger of +1, and are located in the nucleus of an atom?
Proton
The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of ______ an atom contains.
Protons
Which of the following is true of polar covalent bonds?
The electrons are shared unequally
What does the molecular formula CO2 mean?
The molecule has 1 atom of Carbon and 2 atoms of Oxygen.
What occurs when acid is added to a solution with a pH of 7?
The pH drops below 7
The growth of cells and repair of worn out tissues is accomplished by ________.
synthesis reactions
When an ionic bond forms, which parts of the atoms are directly involved?
the outermost electrons
Calcium's atomic number is 20. It forms ions with 18 electrons. What is the electrical charge of a calcium ion?
+2
Proteins are synthesized from _________ during synthesis reactions.
Amino Acids
Which of the following is a protein?
Antibody
Enzymes are _______.
Biological Catalysts
The most common element in the human body is __________.
Oxygen
What is the main type of lipid found in cellular membranes?
Phospholipids
A molecule of water (H2o) is formeed by what type of bond?
Polar Covalent Bonds
Glycogen and starch are examples of a specific category of carbohydrates called __________.
Polysaccharides
Which of the following is classified as an inorganic compound?
Water
What is an ion?
an atom that has either gained or lost electrons
In a covalent bond,
atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
