Anatomy Exam 1

what are functions of synovial fluid?

-shock absorption -nourishment for chondrocytes -lubrication of joint surfaces

Which of the following pairs consists of anatomical equivalents? a-dista/coronal b-proximal/lateral c-cranial/caudal d-cephalic/posterior e-anterior/ventral

anterior/ventral

which of the following are bones or bone features that articulate directly with one another at a joint?

atlas and occipital condyles

the joint between the two pubic bones is an example of what type of joint?

cartilaginous; amphianthrosis

each osteon has this structure which blood vessels pass and supply nutrients to the bone tissue

central canal

which of the following is considered part of the pelvic girdle?

coxal bone

which of the following synovial joints is by definition a biaxial joint?

ellipsoid joint

what osteogenic connective tissue layer lines the marrow cavity?

endosteum

in younger individuals who are still growing, the epiphysis and diaphysis are separate by the

epiphyseal plate

what type of motion occurs at the neck when the chin is drawn closer to the sternum?

flexion

which bone feature is a muscle attachment site that would attach to a muscle involved with movement at the hip joint?

greater trochanter

the joints between the phalanges are an example of a:

hinge joint

Which term defines the mode of secretion involving rupture of the cell membrane, causing cell death?

holocrine

a vertebra is an example of what type of bone?

irregular bone

moving the arm in the transverse plane so that the medial aspect is now on the lateral side involves:

laterally rotating the humerus at the shoulder

Most of the stomach is located in which quadrant?

left upper quadrant

bob is an overweight patient with an excessively large beer belly. he complains of constant lower back pain. the most likely diagnosis is _______, which is excessive bowing in the ______ direction.

lumbar hyperlordosis; anterior

Which cell type is present in the connective tissue proper belongs to both, the fixed cells and the wandering cells group?

macrophages

the _____ articulates with the mandibular condyle and is part of the ____ bone

mandibular fossa; temporal

the sternal end of the clavicle articulates with the

manubrium

what bone feature articulates with the medial femoral condyle?

medial tibial condyle

your friend falls and lands with all his weight on the medial aspect of his foot just distal to the heel bone and proximal to the metatarsals. which tarsal is most likely affected?

navicular

this bone forms the posterior portion of the bony palate

palatine bone

the area of the skin that contains blood vessels supplying the epidermis?

papillary layer

one of the radioulnar joints that allows supination and pronation is composed of these 2 bone feature:

radial head & radial notch

the vital property of living things that causes them to take certain actions in response to change is called:

responsiveness

Which quadrant is the cecum located in?

right lower quadrant

The study of the heart, blood, and blood vessels is which of the following approaches?

systemic anatomy

This bone is located on the lateral sides of the skull and house the organs for hearing.

temporal bones

what describes stratified epithelia?

they cover surfaces subjected to mechanical and chemical stress

these are small, rounded projections

tubercles

the 6th rib is classified as:

vertebrosternal rib

which of the following is involved in the coloring of the skin?

melanocytes

Which cell structure is responsible for increase in surface area to permit more absorption?

microvilli

the patellar ligament attaches the _________ to the _________

patella; tibia

the pollex is composed of the

phalanges distal to the first metacarpal

which part of a hair is located outside of the body?

shaft only

Support, protection, mineral storage, and blood cell formation are functions of the:

skeletal system

which of the following features is present on ALL vertebrae and projects posteriorly, forming the bumps that can be felt along the spine?

spinous process

this cranial suture separates the temporal and parietal bones:

squamosal suture

as cells are pushed from deeper layers of the epidermis toward the surface they:

start to die

What layer is composed of a single layer that is attached to the basal lamina and contains stem cells?

stratum basale

Why does bone remodeling occur?

1- replacement of damaged bone tissue 2-maintaining calcium homeostasis 3- adaptation of bone shape to a new environment