Anatomy Exam!

LOOK AT DIAGRAM on page 20-6 cardiovascular system blood exits this chamber when it passes through the tricuspid valve

A

LOOK AT DIAGRAM on page 20-6 cardiovascular system blood from the body returns directly to this chamber of the heart

A

LOOK AT DIAGRAM on page 20-6 cardiovascular system this chamber pumps blood to the pulmonary circuit

B

How much saliva is generally produced each day? A. 1/2 - 1 L B. 1 - 1 1/2 L C. 2 - 3 L D. 4 -5 L

B. 1 - 1 1/2 L

the respiratory zone of the tracheobronchial tree includes which of the following A. trachea B. alveoli C. primary bronchi D. larynx E. tertiary bronchi

B. alveoli

Each lobe of each lung is supplied by a A. primary bronchus B. secondary bronchus C. tertiary bronchus D. bronchiole E. segmental bronchus

B. secondary bronchus

as the result of an asthmatic attack A. ventilation exceeds the ability of blood to pick up oxygen B. ventilation is inadequate to oxygenate blood C. pulmonary blood flow is reduced while ventilation remains normal D. the surface area available for gas exchange increases E. bronchioles dilate

B. ventilation is inadequate to oxygenate blood

LOOK AT DIAGRAM on page 20-6 cardiovascular system blood exiting the aortic semilunar valve is leaving this chamber of the heart

D

which vessels transport blood to the right and left lungs? A) aorta B) right atrium C) pulmonary trunk D) pulmonary arteries E) pulmonary veins

D) pulmonary arteries

Diagram: what is B a. pancreas b. adrenals c pituitary d. thyroid e. thymus

D. thyroid

The enteric nervous system acts independently of the CNS to control local reflexes in the digestive tract. True or False?

True

Diagram: what is D a. pancreas b. adrenals c pituitary d. thyroid e. thymus

b. adrenals

Diagram: what is A a. pancreas b. adrenals c pituitary d. thyroid e. thymus

c. pituitary

Ventilation refers to the A. movement of air into and out of the lungs B. gas exchange between the blood and the tissues C. transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood D. gas exchanged between the air in the lungs and the blood E. respiration at the cellular level

A movement of air into and out of the lungs

which blood vessel carries blood from the left ventricle? A) aorta B) right atrium C) pulmonary trunk D) pulmonary arteries E) pulmonary veins

A) aorta

the AV valve that is located on the same side of the heart as the origin of the aorta is the A) bicuspid or mitral valve B) tricuspid valve C) aortic semilunar valve D) pulmonary semilunar valve E) coronary sinus valve

A) bicuspid or mitral valve

the epicardium A) covers the surface of the heart B) lines the walls of the ventricles C) is known as the fibrous pericardium D) attaches inferiorly to the diaphragm E) is also called endocardium

A) covers the surface of the heart

the heart A) is a four chambered muscular pump B) is posterior to the trachea C) is lined with an epithelial layer called epicardium D) lies mostly to the right of the midline of the sternum E) Has a superior apex and an inferior base

A) is a four chambered muscular pump

LOOK AT DIAGRAM on page 20-5 cardiovascular system identify structure D on the heart diagram A) left atrium B) aortic semilunar valve C) bicuspid (mitral) valve D) right atrium E) pulmonary semilunar valve

A) left atrium

an incompetent pulmonary semilunar valve could result in less blood reaching the A) lungs B) heart muscle C) pulmonary trunk D) aorta E) right atrium

A) lungs

which of the following is NOT a function of the heart A) providing a location for gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide B) regulating blood supply to tissues depending on need C) generating blood pressure through contraction D) routing blood to either the pulmonary or systemic circulations

A) providing a location for gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide

the function of the pericardial fluid is to A) reduce friction between the pericardial membranes B) lubricate the heart valves C) replace any blood that is lost D) provide oxygen and nutrients to the endocardium E) stimulate the heart

A) reduce friction between the pericardial membranes

the volume of blood pumped during each cardiac cycle is the A) stroke volume B) cardiac output C) cardiac reserve D) end-systolic volume E) end-diastolic volume

A) stroke volume

contraction of the ventricles is referred to as ventricular A) systole B) diastole C) fibrillation D) ischemia E) depolarization

A) systole

which of the following muscles increases the volume of the thorax during a normal inhalation A. 1,2 B. 1,3 C. 2,3 D. 2,4 E. 3,4

A. 1,2

Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of the digestive tract? A. Esophagus B. Salivary glands C. Pancreas D. Gallbladder

A. Esophagus

which of the following is NOT a process of respiration A. voice production B. internal respiration C. ventilation D. external respiration E. transport of blood gases in the blood

A. Voice production

which of the following individuals will have the highest vital capacity A. a well-trained athlete ( male or female) B. a middle-aged short female C. an 80 year old male D. a young obese male E. an adult female

A. a well-trained athlete ( male or female)

Gas exchange between the air in the lungs and the blood takes place in the A. alveoli B. primary bronchi C. terminal bronchioles D. trachea E. respiratory bronchi

A. alveoli

What muscle forms the cheeks? A. buccinator muscle B. orbicularis oculi muscle C. orbicularis oris D. zygomaticus muscles

A. buccinator muscle

Anticipation of eating food causes an increase in secretion of gastric juice. This phase of gastric secretion is called the ________________ phase. A. cephalic B. gastric C. intestinal D. pancreatic E. conscious

A. cephalic

surfactant facilitates alveolar ventilation by A. decreasing the surface tension between water molecules on the lining of the alveoli B. decreased thoracic compliance C. attracting water to the alveolar surface D. increasing the surface area for gas exchange E. increases the surface tension between fluid and the alveoli

A. decreasing the surface tension between water molecules on the lining of the alveoli

during swallowing the opening into the larynx is covered by the A. epiglottis B. thyroid cartilage C. cricoid cartilage D. arytenoid cartilage E. the Adam's apple

A. epiglottis

most carbon dioxide is transported in the blood A. in the form of bicarbonate ions B. bound to hemoglobin C. dissolved in teh plasma D. by the leukocytes E. in the form of carbonic acid

A. in the form of bicarbonate ions

Mastication... A. increases the surface area of food particles B. decreases the efficiency of digestion C. occurs in both the mouth and stomach D. is never under voluntary control E. decreases the surface area of food particles

A. increases the surface area of food particles

The intestinal phase of gastric secretion... A. is controlled by the entrance of acidic chyme into the duodenum B. leads to increased gastric secretion if duodenal pH falls below 2 C. only stimulates gastric secretion D. will decrease gastric secretion when gastrin is released by the duodenum E. is controlled by the entrance of alkaline material into the small intestines

A. is controlled by the entrance of acidic chyme into the duodenum

The defecation reflex... A. is stimulated by distention of the rectum B. inhibits further peristalsis in the rectum and lower colon C. constricts the internal ana sphincter D. lasts several hours E. none of these choices is correct

A. is stimulated by distention of the rectum

Secretions that are added as food moves through the GI tract assist in... A. liquefying and digesting the food B. vitamin A and D production and storage C. distribution of nutrients throughout the body D. insulin production E. bile production

A. liquefying and digesting the food

Which of the following is NOT a function of the small intestine? A. mastication of food B. absorption of nutrients C. complete digestion of food D. mixing by segmental contractions

A. mastication of food

Which layer of the digestive tract is in direct contact with the food consumed? A. mucosa B. muscularis C. submucosa D. serosa E. peritoneum

A. mucosa

whenever people cry, their nose runs. This is because the _____ drain tears into the nose A. nasolacrimal ducts B. paranasal sinuses C. lacrimal glands D. Wharton's ducts E. auditory tube

A. nasolacrimal ducts

Diagram: what is E a. pancreas b. adrenals c pituitary d. thyroid e. thymus

A. pancreas

which of the following structures opens directly into the nasal cavity A. paranasal sinuses B. auditory tubes C. lacrimal glands D. fauces E. epiglottis

A. paranasal sinuses

Reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus occurs because of... A. relaxation of the cardiac sphincter B. contraction of the pyloric sphincter C. spasms of the submucosal layer of the stomach wall D. increased hydrochloric acid production by the parietal cells E. increased amounts of mucous produced by the stomach

A. relaxation of the cardiac sphincter

the diameter of bronchioles can change because their walls contain A. smooth muscle B. skeletal muscle C. fibrous cartilage D. hyaline cartilage E. elastic cartilage

A. smooth muscle

match the term with the appropriate description or definition A. sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes B. volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration C. volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration D. sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes E. the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume total lung capacity

A. sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes

What keeps the bolus from entering the larynx during deglutition? A. the epiglottis B. the uvula C. the tongue D. the upper esophageal sphincter

A. the epiglottis

match the term with the appropriate description A. the floor of the nasal cavity B. superior portion of pharynx C. a soft process that extends inferiorly from teh posterior edge of the soft palate D. the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx E. external opening of the nasal cavity hard palate

A. the floor of the nasal cavity

when the inspiratory muscles contract A. thoracic volume increases B. pleural pressure increases C. the alveolar pressure increases D. expiration occurs E. thoracic volume decreases

A. thoracic volume increases

which of the following hormones is synthesized by the hypothalamus a. ADH b. MSH c. TSH d. ACTH e. T3 and T4

ADH

LOOK AT DIAGRAM on page 20-6 cardiovascular system blood exiting the pulmonary semilunar valve is leaving this chamber of the heart

B

blood vessels enter and exit from the _____ of the heart A) apex B) Base C) auricles D) trigone E) inferior aspect

B) Base

LOOK AT DIAGRAM on page 20-5 cardiovascular system identify structure A on the heart diagram A) left atrium B) aortic semilunar valve C) bicuspid (mitral) valve D) right atrium E) pulmonary semilunar valve

B) aortic semilunar valve

blood in the pulmonary veins returns to the A) right atrium B) left atrium C) right ventricle D) left ventricle E) coronary sinus

B) left atrium

the pericardial sac is line with A) fibrous pericardium B) parietal pericardium C) visceral pericardium D) myocardium E) epicardium

B) parietal pericardium

the valve located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk is the A) aortic semilunar valve B) pulmonary semilunar valve C) tricuspid valve D) mitral valve E) bicuspid valve

B) pulmonary semilunar valve

blood in the superior vena cava will enter the A) aorta B) right atrium C) pulmonary trunk D) pulmonary arteries E) pulmonary veins

B) right atrium

in the cardiac cycle A) the right atrium and the right ventricle contract simultaneously B) the two atria relax while the 2 ventricles contract C) the left atrium contracts before the right atrium D) all four chambers of the heart contract at the same time E) all 4 chambers of the heart are in systole at the same time

B) the two atria relax while the 2 ventricles contract

Arrange the following structures in order from the small intestine to the rectum. 1 ascending colon 2 descending colon 3 sigmoid colon 4 transverse colon A. 1 2 3 4 B. 1 4 2 3 C. 2 3 1 4 D. 2 4 1 3 E. 1 4 3 2

B. 1 4 2 3

what is the function of the ciliated epithelium of the tracheobronchial tree A. to cause coughing B. a mucus-cilia escalator C. move dirt toward the alveoli D. all of the choices are correct

B. a mucus-cilia escalator

Diffusion and active transport are likely to be important in... A. mastication of food B. absorption of food C. elimination of undigested food D. propulsion of food through the digestive tract E. mixing of food

B. absorption of food

the volume of air available for gas exchange per minute is called the A. vital capacity B. alveolar ventilation C. minute respiratory volume D. functional residual capacity E. respiratory rate

B. alveolar ventilation

most oxygen is carried in the blood _____ but most carbon dioxide is _______ A. dissolved in plasma; associated with salt or acid B. bound to hemoglobin; associated wit bicarbonate ions in the plasma C. combined with albumin; associated with carbonic acid D. bound to hemoglobin; bound to albumin E. bound to plasma proteins; carried as carbon dioxide

B. bound to hemoglobin; associated wit bicarbonate ions in the plasma

oxygenated blood is carried to the tissues of the lungs via the A. pulmonary veins B. bronchial arteries C. pulmonary artery D. abdominal aorta E. pleural arteries

B. bronchial arteries

the major regulator of respiration is the plasma concentration of A. oxygen B. carbon dioxide C. water vapor D. nitrogen E. chloride

B. carbon dioxide

Food in the stomach is squeezed and mixed with gastric juices, forming a semiliquid called... A. bolusin B. chyme C. bile D. phlegm E. feces

B. chyme

oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged across the respiratory membrane by the process of A. active transport B. diffusion C. filtration D. osmosis E. cotransport

B. diffusion

Most nutrient absorption occurs in the... A. stomach and esophagus B. duodenum and jejunum C. ascending colon and cecum D. pancreatic duct and gall bladder E. ileum and transverse colon

B. duodenum and jejunum

Bile... A. digests proteins in the small intestine B. emulsifies fats in the small intestine C. is made by the gallbladder and stored by the liver D. activates trypsin in the small intestine E. activates the pancreas

B. emulsifies fats in the small intestine

external respiration refers to A. atmospheric air coming into the lungs B. gas exchange between the lungs and the blood C. gas exchange in the atmosphere D. gas exchange between the blood and body tissues E. cellular respiration

B. gas exchange been the lungs and the blood

The distention of the stomach by food is the primary stimulus to begin the... A. cephalic phase of gastric secretion B. gastric phase of gastric secretion C. intestinal phase of gastric secretion D. cystic phase of gastric secretion E. hepatic phase of gastric secretion

B. gastric phase of gastric secretion

the trachea A. is located in the pleural cavity B. has "C" shaped cartilages that form its anterior and lateral sides C. is lined with keratinized squamous epithelium D. bifurcates to form teh bronchioles E. collapses when not in use

B. has "C" shaped cartilages that form its anterior and lateral sides

The anal canal... A. begins at the sigmoid colon and ends at the rectum B. has internal sphincter composed of smooth muscle C. contains many goblet cells D. contains tubular glands called crypts E. has an external sphincter composed of smooth muscle

B. has internal sphincter composed of smooth muscle

Nutrient - rich blood from the digestive tract comes to the liver by way of the... A. hepatic artery B. hepatic portal vein C. hepatic vein D. inferior vena cava E. celiac trunk

B. hepatic portal vein

Bile is produced by cells of the... A. duodenum B. liver C. gallbladder D. pancreas E. hepatopancreatic ampulla

B. liver

Which of the following occurs in the large intestine? A. chemical digestion B. mass movements C. mastication D. mixing waves E. neutralization

B. mass movements

The lips, cheek, and tongue all aid in... A. speech and swallowing B. mastication, speech, and swallowing C. mastication and swallowing D. mastication and sense of taste E. deglutition and peristalsis

B. mastication, speech, and swallowing

What is the purpose of segmental contraction of the small intestine? A. propelling the chyme forward B. mixing of intestinal contents C. moving intestinal contents into the colon D. stretching the intestinal wall

B. mixing of intestinal contents

the portion of the pharynx that extends from teh internal nares to the level of the uvula is the A. glottis B. nasopharynx C. oropharynx D. laryngopharynx E. glottopharynx

B. nasopharynx

Which is the correct order of the regions of the digestive tract from superior to inferior? A. pharynx, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine B. oral cavity, stomach, small intestine, large intestine C. stomach, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine D. anus, large intestine, stomach, esophagus

B. oral cavity, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

What moves the bolus during the esophageal phase of deglutition? A. pharyngeal constriction B. peristalsis C. the tongue D. segmentation

B. peristalsis

which of the following is part of the upper respiratory tract A. lungs B. pharynx C. trachea D. bronchi E. bronchioles

B. pharynx

The tongue... A. secretes saliva B. plays a major role in swallowing C. contains a lot of connective and lymphatic tissues D. is attached to the hard palate E. functions in deglutition apnea

B. plays a major role in swallowing

The movement of food through the digestive tract is... A. segmentation B. propulsion C. mixing D. mastication

B. propulsion

the right side of the heart receives blood from the body and pumps through ________ circulation to the lungs hepatic pulmonary peripheral systemic

B. pulmonary

which of the following is not a regulatory function of the endocrine system a. regulates water balance by controlling the solute concentration of the blood b. regulates skeletal muscle contraction strength c. regulates satiation and the breakdown of food into individual nutrient d. regulates the rate of metabolism e. regulates the levels of nutrients such as glucose in the blood

B. regulates skeletal muscle contraction strength

Which of the following might happen if a person begins laughing while swallowing a liquid? A. laryngeal constriction forcing liquid through the pharynx B. relaxation of the soft palate allowing liquid to enter the nasal cavity C. the tongue might be swallowed D. nothing - swallowing will be normal E. peristalsis will not begin

B. relaxation of the soft palate allowing liquid to enter the nasal cavity

constriction of smooth muscle in the bronchioles A. occurs during periods of exercise B. restricts the flow of air into the lungs C. decreased ciliary action D. increases airflow out of the lungs E. does not affect airflow

B. restricts the flow of air into the lungs

The endocrine system A. Releases neurotransmitters into ducts B. secretes chemicals that reach their targets through the bloodstream C. Communicates via frequency-modulated signals D. contains organs called exocrine glands E. Is isolated from the nervous system

B. secretes chemicals that reach their targets through the bloodstream

A mixing contraction in the small intestine is called... A. peristalsis B. segmental contraction C. deglutition D. mass movement

B. segmental contraction

What is the role of serotonin in the digestive tract? A. decreased nausea B. stimulates motility C. hormone release D. inhibits motility

B. stimulates motility

match the term with the appropriate description A. the floor of the nasal cavity B. superior portion of pharynx C. a soft process that extends inferiorly from teh posterior edge of the soft palate D. the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx E. external opening of the nasal cavity nasopharynx

B. superior portion of pharynx

which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system A. olfaction B. taste C. production of chemical mediators D. voice production E. regulation of blood pH

B. taste

how does carbon monoxide affects red blood cells A. it causes them to shrivel B. the hemoglobin within the RBC bind to carbon monoxide C. the hemoglobin rejects carbon monoxide D. the RBCs clump together E. the carbon monoxide converts to carbon dioxide

B. the hemoglobin within the RBC bind to carbon monoxide

which of the following statements regarding the lungs is correct A. the left lung is larger than the right lung B. the left lung contains two lobes while the right lung contains three lobes C. the left lung has more bronchopulmonary segments than the right lung D. only the right lung has a hilum E. the left lung contains three lobes while the right lung contains two lobes

B. the left lung contains two lobes while the right lung contains three lobes

physiological dead air space is anatomic dead space plus A. the residual volume B. the volume of any alveoli where gas exchange is diminished C. the volume of blood flowing to the lungs D. the respiration rate E. tidal volume

B. the volume of any alveoli where gas exchange is diminished

the largest of the laryngeal cartilages is the A. epiglottis B. thyroid cartilage C. cricoid cartilage D. corniculate cartilage E. cuneiform cartilage

B. thyroid cartilage

match the term with the appropriate description or definition A. sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes B. volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration C. volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration D. sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes E. the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume tidal volume

B. volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration

LOOK AT DIAGRAM on page 20-6 cardiovascular system blood from the lungs returns directly to this chamber of the heart

C

LOOK AT DIAGRAM on page 20-6 cardiovascular system blood from the pulmonary veins is entering this chamber of the heart

C

which of the following sequences for the conducting system is correct A) AV node, AV bundle, SA node, purkinje fibers, bundle branches B) purkinje fibers, bundle branches, AV node, AV bundle, SA node C) SA node, AV node, AV bundle, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers D) SA node, AV bundle, AV node, bundle branches, purkinje fibers E) AV node, SA node, bundle branches, AV bundle, purkinje fibers

C) SA node, AV node, AV bundle, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers

what vessel exits the left ventricle A) pulmonary trunk B) pulmonary vein C) aorta D) pulmonary artery

C) aorta

LOOK AT DIAGRAM on page 20-5 cardiovascular system identify structure E on the heart diagram A) left atrium B) aortic semilunar valve C) bicuspid (mitral) valve D) right atrium E) pulmonary semilunar valve

C) bicuspid (mitral) valve

the product of the stroke volume times the heart rate is known as the A) end-diastolic volume B) end-systolic volume C) cardiac output D) cardiac reserve E) venous return

C) cardiac output

which of the following is NOT true about the heart A) the heart is about the size of a closed fist B) the heart is located in the mediastinum C) the apex of the heart is directed superiorly and to the left D) knowing the heart's position is important for effective CPR

C) the apex of the heart is directed superiorly and to the left

the right atrium receives blood from A) th lungs and the heart B) the heart C) the body and the heart D) the lungs and the body

C) the body and the heart

the first and second heart sounds are most directly related to A) pulse pressure in the aorta B) the contraction of the atria C) vibrations that occur when the valves close D) contraction of the papillary muscles E) the flow of the blood

C) vibrations that occur when the valves close

which of the following stimulates the development of follicles in the ovary a. ADH b. prolactin c. FSH d. ACTH e. LH

C. FSH

Which of the following is an accessory organ of the digestive tract? A. Pharynx B. Stomach C. Liver D. Large intestine

C. Liver

air in the pleural cavity is called A. emphysema B. respiratory distress syndrome C. a pneumothorax D. pneumonia E. forced expiration

C. a pneumothorax

match the term with the appropriate description A. the floor of the nasal cavity B. superior portion of pharynx C. a soft process that extends inferiorly from teh posterior edge of the soft palate D. the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx E. external opening of the nasal cavity uvula

C. a soft process that extends inferiorly from teh posterior edge of the soft palate

the highest level of exercise that can be performed without causing a significant change in blood pH is called the A. hering-breuer reflex B. aerobic threshold C. anaerobic threshold D. lactic acid tolerance level

C. anaerobic threshold

when carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase the A. condition is called hypocapnia B. pH of the blood increases C. blood become more acidic D. number of hydrogen ions is teh blood decreases E. blood becomes more alkaline

C. blood become more acidic

Contraction of the _____ will increase the superior-inferior dimension of the thoracic cavity A. rectus abdominis B. internal intercostals C. diaphragm D. external intercostals E. sternocleidomastoid

C. diaphragm

Which of the following is a function performed by the digestive system? A. cellular respiration B. food selection C. elimination of undigested food D. regulation of blood pH E. integration and coordination of other systems

C. elimination of undigested food

What structure moves food from the pharynx to the stomach? A. larynx B. laryngopharynx C. esophagus D. epiglottis

C. esophagus

which of the following is NOT a function of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium of the nasal cavity A. traps dirt and removes it from the air B. moisturizes the air C. exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide D. warms the air

C. exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide

Insulin increases the rate of ____________ transport into cells... A. sucrose B. fructose C. glucose D. galactose E. lactose

C. glucose

What portion of the small intestine is most distal from the pylorus of the stomach? A. jejunum B. duodenum C. ileum D. common bile duct E. hepatopancreatic ampulla

C. ileum

which of the following is NOT a respiratory adaptation to exercise training A. vital capacity increases B. tidal volume at maximal exercise will increase C. increased minute ventilation after training D. after training respiratory rate at rest is lower

C. increased minute ventilation after training

which of the following increases the rate of gas exchange across the respiratory membrane A. increased fluid in the alveoli B. increased thickness of the respiratory membrane C. increased surface area of the respiratory membrane D. increased connective tissue in the alveolar wall E. decreased surface area of the respiratory membrane

C. increased surface area of the respiratory membrane

Mr. Huff and Puff is getting ready to blow up a pool float because he can't find the air pump. He takes a big breath in after exhaling normally. The air he takes in is the A. inspiratory reserve volume B. vital capacity C. inspiratory capacity D. tidal volume

C. inspiratory capacity

the auditory tubes open into the A. fauces B. oropharynx C. nasopharynx D. laryngopharynx E. nasal cavity

C. nasopharynx

What muscle forms the lips? A. buccinator muscle B. orbicularis oculi muscle C. orbicularis oris muscle D. labial frenulum muscle

C. orbicularis oris muscle

Which of the following structures has both endocrine and exocrine tissue? A. colon B. liver C. pancreas D. gallbladder E. spleen

C. pancreas

Which of the following is associated with the tongue? A. uvula B. constrictor muscles C. papillae and taste buds D. periodontal ligament E. fauces

C. papillae and taste buds

which of the following is a passageway for both air and food A. trachea B. larynx C. pharynx D. bronchus E. esophagus

C. pharynx

the serous membranes that surround the lungs are called the A. mucous membranes B. synovial membranes C. pleural membranes D. peritoneal membranes E. pulmonary membranes

C. pleural membranes

which of the following is an effect of aging on the respiratory system A. vital capacity is unchanged B. minute ventilation rates increase C. residual volume increases D. gas exchange in the lungs remain unchanged

C. residual volume increases

The gallbladder... A. produces bile B. is attached to the pancreas C. stores bile D. produces secretin E. breaks down red blood cells

C. stores bile

Where does the majority of nutrient absorption occur? A. the stomach and duodenum B. the duodenum and ileum C. the jejunum and duodenum D. the ileum and jejunum

C. the jejunum and duodenum

the volume of air inspired or expired with each breath is the A. residual volume B. inspiratory reserve volume C. tidal volume E. expiratory reserve volume

C. tidal volume

Parasympathetic nerves extend to the digestive tract through the _____________________ nerve. A. gastric B. cardiac C. vagus D. accessory

C. vagus

match the term with the appropriate description or definition A. sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes B. volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration C. volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration D. sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes E. the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume residual volume

C. volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration

LOOK AT DIAGRAM on page 20-6 cardiovascular system this chamber pumps blood to the systemic circuit

D

LOOK AT DIAGRAM on page 20-6 cardiovascular system this chamber pumps to the coronary circuit

D

LOOK AT DIAGRAM on page 20-6 cardiovascular system when blood passes through the bicuspid valve, it enters this chamber of the heart

D

the pacemaker of the heart is the A) right bundle branch B) left bundle branch C) AV node D) SA node E) PM node

D) SA node

the chamber of the heart that endures the highest pressure is the A) right atrium B) left atrium C) right ventricle D) left ventricle E) coronary sinus

D) left ventricle

LOOK AT DIAGRAM on page 20-5 cardiovascular system identify structure C on the heart diagram A) left atrium B) aortic semilunar valve C) bicuspid (mitral) valve D) right atrium E) pulmonary semilunar valve

D) right atrium

match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes a. glucagon b. progesterone c. cortison d. T3 e. prolactin thyroid

D. T3

The movement of molecules out of the digestive tract into circulation or the lymphatic system is... A. secretion B. peristalsis C. chemical digestion D. absorption

D. absorption

from largest to smallest the correct sequence for the following passageways is A. bronchi, bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, alveoli B. bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli C. alveoli, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli D. bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli E. terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

D. bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli

The enteric plexus... A. is found in the mucosa B. consists of the myenteric plexus and the celiac plexus C. contains sympathetic neurons and fibers D. controls movement and secretion of the digestive tract E. is a valve in the GI tract

D. controls movement and secretion of the digestive tract

One of the major functions of the large intestine is to... A. produce vitamin C B. regulate the release of bile C. break down hemoglobin to release bilirubin D. convert chyme to feces E. absorb nutrients

D. convert chyme to feces

what is the volume of air that can be forcibly expired after expiration of the tidal volume A. residual volume B. inspiratory reserve volume C. Vital volume D. expiratory reserve volume

D. expiratory reserve volume

Inability of the pyloric sphincter to open would prevent... A. food from entering the stomach B. stomach acid from being released C. digestive enzymes from being released D. food from entering the small intestine E. the making of chyme

D. food from entering the small intestine

internal respiration refers to A. atmospheric air coming into the lungs B. gas exchanged between the lungs and the blood C. gas exchange in teh atmosphere D. gas exchange between the blood and body tissues E. cellular respiration

D. gas exchange between the blood and body tissue

Inflammation of the gums is called... A. dental carries B. pyorrhea C. halitosis D. gingivitis

D. gingivitis

The villi, microvilli, and plicae circularis function to... A. liberate hormones B. promote peristalsis C. produce bile D. increase surface area for absorption E. stimulate chemical digestion

D. increase surface area for absorption

what is the function of the nasal conchae A. increases turbulence in teh airflow B. olfaction C. increases surface area for cleaning, warming, and moisturizing the air D. increases turbulence and surface area fro cleaning, warming and moisturizing the air

D. increases turbulence and surface area fro cleaning, warming and moisturizing the air

The gastric phase of gastric secretion... A. decreases the release of gastrin in the stomach B. is triggered by taste, sight, thought, or smell of food C. is mediated by impulses on sympathetic nerves D. leads to the greatest volume of gastric secretion E. leads to the least volume of gastric secretion

D. leads to the greatest volume of gastric secretion

Saliva... A. is produced only when there is food in the mouth B. increases ulceration in the mouth C. is responsible for peristalsis in the mouth D. moistens food and begins starch digestion in the mouth E. does not prevent bacterial infection in the mouth

D. moistens food and begins starch digestion in the mouth

a molecule of air enters the nose through the external nares. which of the following is the correct pathway to the trachea A. nasal cavity, larynx, pharynx, trachea B. oral cavity, nasal cavity, larynx, pharynx, trachea C. nasopharynx, nasal cavity, laryngopharynx, trachea D. nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea E. nasal cavity, trachea, larynx, pharynx

D. nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea

The digestive juice that contains enzymes capable of digesting all major food groups is... A. gastric juice B. biliary juice C. salivary juice D. pancreatic juice E. hepatic juice

D. pancreatic juice

The abdominal cavity is lined with... A. the omental bursa B. mesenteries C. the greater omentum D. parietal peritoneum E. superficial fascia

D. parietal peritoneum

a protective function of the respiratory system would be A. altering blood pH by changing blood CO2 levels B. olfaction by drawing molecules into the nasal cavity C. producing ACE which helps regulate blood pressure D. preventing microorganism from entering the body

D. preventing microorganism from entering the body

Which of the following is NOT a type of propulsion in the digestive tract? A. peristalsis B. mass movement C. deglutition D. segmental contraction

D. segmental contraction

Which of the following is NOT a function of the stomach? A. storage B. protein digestion C. absorption of aspirin D. segmental contractions

D. segmental contractions

Which of the following is located closest to the rectum? A. ascending colon B. descending colon C. transverse colon D. sigmoid colon E. cecum

D. sigmoid colon

Food is prevented from entering the nasal cavity during swallowing by the... A. epiglottis B. palatine tonsils C. tongue D. soft palate E. hard palate

D. soft palate

members of which group of hormones are made from cholesterol a. amino acid derivatives b. peptides c. proteins d. steroids

D. steroids

Which of the following organs is part of the digestive tract or alimentary canal? A. salivary gland B. liver C. gallbladder D. stomach E. pancreas

D. stomach

What is the function of the gallbladder? A. produce bile B. store bicarbonate C. add pigment to bile D. store and concentrate bile

D. store and concentrate bile

match the term with the appropriate description or definition A. sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes B. volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration C. volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration D. sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes E. the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume vital capacity

D. sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes

match the term with the appropriate description A. the floor of the nasal cavity B. superior portion of pharynx C. a soft process that extends inferiorly from teh posterior edge of the soft palate D. the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx E. external opening of the nasal cavity internal nares

D. the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx

Why doesn't the stomach digest itself? A. the stomach wall lacks protein so enzymes won't attack it B. the digestive enzymes in the stomach aren't efficient enough C. the stomach lining is too tough to be digested D. the stomach wall is protected by large amounts of mucus E. the stomach is protected by HCl

D. the stomach wall is protected by large amounts of mucus

of the following structures the largest in diameter is the A. primary bronchus B. secondary bronchus C. respiratory bronchiole D. trachea E. tertiary bronchus

D. trachea

in the cardiac cycle A) the right atrium and the right ventricle contract simultaneously B) the left atrium contracts before the right atrium D) all four chambers of the heart contract at the same time E) all 4 chambers of the heart are in diastole at the same time

E) all 4 chambers of the heart are in diastole at the same time

LOOK AT DIAGRAM on page 20-5 cardiovascular system identify structure B on the heart diagram A) left atrium B) aortic semilunar valve C) bicuspid (mitral) valve D) right atrium E) pulmonary semilunar valve

E) pulmonary semilunar valve

which vessels empty blood into the left atrium A) aorta B) right atrium C) pulmonary trunk D) pulmonary arteries E) pulmonary veins

E) pulmonary veins

Arrange the following in proper sequence: 1 digestion 2 elimination 3 ingestion 4 absorption A. 3 4 2 1 B. 1 4 3 2 C. 4 1 2 3 D. 3 4 1 2 E. 3 1 4 2

E. 3 1 4 2

Feces consist of... A. water B. indigestible food C. bacteria D. sloughed-off epithelial cells E. all of these are found in feces

E. all of these are found in feces

Which of the following apply to the small intestine? A. secretions from the liver and pancreas enter this organ B. segmentation contractions occur in this organ C. both digestion and absorption occur in this organ D. mixing and propulsion of chyme E. all of these choices apply to the small intestine

E. all of these choices apply to the small intestine

Blockage of the ileocecal valve would prevent... A. pancreatic juice from entering the duodenum B. bile from entering the duodenum C. lymph from entering the jejunum D. chyme from entering the ileum E. chyme from entering the large intestine

E. chyme from entering the large intestine

The liver... A. has two major lobes - caudate and quadrate B. is located on the superior surface of the diaphragm C. is not vascular D. is located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen E. consists of two major lobes and two minor lobes

E. consists of two major lobes and two minor lobes

oxygen is transported in the blood A. bound to hemoglobin B. bound to albumin C. dissolved in the plasma D. as part of the bicarbonate ion E. dissolved in the plasma and bound to hemoglobin

E. dissolved in the plasma and bound to hemoglobin

the nasal septum A. divides the nose into superior and inferior chambers B. forms teh floor of the nasal cavity C. is the opening of the nose to the outside environment D. is the part of the nose responsible for the sense of smell E. divides the nose into right and left chambers

E. divides the nose into right and left chambers

match the term with the appropriate description A. the floor of the nasal cavity B. superior portion of pharynx C. a soft process that extends inferiorly from teh posterior edge of the soft palate D. the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx E. external opening of the nasal cavity external nares

E. external opening of the nasal cavity

The enteric plexus... A. is found in the mucosa B. consists of the myenteric plexus and the celiac plexus C. helps controls movement and secretions of the digestive tract D. contains parasympathetic neurons E. helps control movement and secretions of the digestive tract and contains parasympathetic neurons

E. helps control movement and secretions of the digestive tract and contains parasympathetic neurons

Mr.Huff and Puff exhales normally then using forced expiration he exhales as much air as possible the volume of air still remaining in his lungs is called A. expiratory reserve volume B. tidal volume C. inspiratory reserve volume D. vital capacity E. residual volume

E. residual volume

the olfactory epithelium responsible for the sense of smell is located in the A. floor of the nasal cavity B. wall of the nasal septum C. lining of the nasopharynx D. cavity of the paranasal sinuses E. roof of the nasal cavity

E. roof of the nasal cavity

match the term with the appropriate description or definition A. sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes B. volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration C. volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration D. sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes E. the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume expiratory reserve volume

E. the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume

Diagram: what is C a. pancreas b. adrenals c pituitary d. thyroid e. thymus

E. thymus

when air passes through the glottis which structure vibrate to produce sound A. thyroid folds B. ventricular folds C.epiglottal cords D. cricohyoid folds E. vocal folds ( cords)

E. vocal folds ( cords)

which of the following functions is associated with the nose A. initiating the cough reflex B. external respiration C. warming the air D. producing mucus to trap debris from the air E. warming the air and producing mucus to trap debris from the air

E. warming the air and producing mucus to trap debris from the air

it is possible to consciously control the rate and depth of respiration False True

True

match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes a. glucagon b. progesterone c. cortison d. T3 e. prolactin pancreas

a. glucagon

the posterior pituitary a. has direct connection wit neurons of the hypothalamus b. is controlled by releasing hormones produced in the hypothalamus c. produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands d. stores lipotropins e. is not related to fluid balance in the body

a. has a direct connection with neurons of the hypothalamus

a function of insulin is to a. increase the uptake of glucose by its target tissues b. decrease the uptake of amino acids by its target tissues c. increase glycogen breakdown in the liver and skeletal muscle d. increase breakdown of fat e. increase gluconeogenesis

a. increase the uptake of glucose by its target tissues

high blood glucose levels cause an increased secretion of a. insulin b. calcitonin c. erythropoietin d. glucagon e. growth hormone

a. insulin

which chemical type of hormone has a longer half-life a. lipid-soluble b. protein c. water-soluble d. amino acid derivative

a. lipid-soluble

most hormones are regulated by a. negative-feedback mechanisms b. neural-feedback mechanisms c. positive-feedback mechanisms d. hormonal-feedback mechanisms

a. negative-feedback mechanisms

what is it about a cell that identifies it as a target cell for a hormone a. the presence of a receptor specific for that hormone b. its location near the gland that secretes that hormone c. the ability of the target cell to perform a specific function d. its ability to inactivate the hormone e. the size of the target cell

a. the presence of a receptor specific for that hormone

most endocrine glands communicate with their target tissue using _____ signals a. frequency-modulated b. amplitude-modulates c. pitch-modulated d. resonance-modulated

b. amplitude-modulates

releasing hormones a. travel through axons to the posterior pituitary b. increase anterior pituitary secretion c. cause action potentials to be generated by anterior pituitary cells d. decrease secretions of the anterior pituitary

b. increase anterior pituitary secretion

hormone secretion by the anterior pituitary is controlled by a. hormones of the thalamus b. neurohormones of the hypothalamus c. itself (anterior pituitary) becuase it is the master gland of the body d. the overall rathe of metabolism e. neurons from the hypothalamus

b. neurohormones of the hypothalamus

what type of chemical messenger is released from neurons to activate an adjacent cell a. paracrine b. neurotransmitter c. autocrine d. endocrine

b. neurotransmitter

match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes a. glucagon b. progesterone c. cortison d. T3 e. prolactin ovary

b. progesterone

in general, the response of target cells to endocrine stimulation is ____ that their response to nervous stimulation a. faster and briefer b. slower and more prolonged c. more accurate d. more restricted to a small area of the body e. more intense

b. slower and more prolonged

the main hormone of the male reproductive system is a. luteinizing hormone b. testosterone c. progesterone d. follicle-stimulating hormone

b. testosterone

an increase in ADH (antidiuretic hormone) secretion will cause a. the intestines to absorb more water b. the kidney tubules to retain more water c. a person to drink more water d. all of the choices could occur

b. the kidney tubules to retain more water

the endocrine glands located on top fo the kidneys are the a. thyroid glands b. vestibular glands c. adrenal glands d. parathyroid glands e. renal glands

c. adrenal glands

which pancreatic cells is correctly matched to its secretion a. beta cells- digestive enzymes b. acini cells- somatostatin c. alpha cells- glucagon d. delta cells- insulin

c. alpha cells- glucagon

how do hormones and target cells recognize one another a. by signs b. by the location of the target cell c. by the presence of specific receptor molecules on the target cells d. by the function of the target cells e. by the location of the hormones

c. by the presence of specific receptor molecules on the target cells

match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes a. glucagon b. progesterone c. cortison d. T3 e. prolactin adrenal cortex

c. cortisol

Hormones are intercellular chemical signals that a. are secreted into the external environment where they act b. affect only non-hormone producing organs or tissues c. help coordinate growth, development and reproduction d. operate primarily by positive feedback

c. help coordinate growth, development and reproduction

the hypothalamohypophysial portal system carries hormones form the a. anterior pituitary to the hypothalamus b. posterior pituitary to the hypothalamus c. hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary d. hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary e. anterior pituitary to posterior pituitary

c. hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary

which of the following ions is necessary for thyroid hormone production a. potassium b. calcium c. iodine d. sodium e. chlorine

c. iodine

which of the following glands is both an endocrine gland and an exocrine gland a. thyroid gland b. adrenal gland c. pancreas d. parathyroid gland e. pituitary gland

c. pancreas

which of the following is not a regulatory function of the endocrine system a. regulates the rate of metabolism b. controls development and functions of the reproductive system c. regulates equilibrium and balance from the inner ear d. prepares the body for physical activity and stress e. regulates heart rate and blood pressure

c. regulates equilibrium and balance form the inner ear

the half-life of a hormone allows one to determine a. the rate of hormone secretion b. the identity of a hormone c. the rate at which hormones are eliminated from the body d. the rate of action of a hormone e. the rate of travel through the blood to a target

c. the rate at which hormones are eliminated from the body

what do all hormones have in common a. they are made from amino acids b. they are bound to transport molecules in the blood c. they bind to an interact with a receptor on or in the target cell d. they use the second messenger mechanism to control the target cell e. they are all lipid-soluble

c. they bind to an interact with a receptor on or in the target cell

which of the following hormones is secreted by the anterior pituitary a. ADH b. TRH c. CRH d. FSH e. oxytocin

d. FSH

hormonal secretions can be regulated by a. the action of a substance other than a hormone b. the nervous system c. other hormones d. all of these choices are correct e. none of these choices is correct

d. all of these choices are correct

a decrease in blood volume will result in a. decreased blood pressure b. increased ADH (antidiuretic hormone) secretion c. decreased urine volume d. all of the choices will occur

d. all the choices will occur

how do most water-soluble hormones travel in the bloodstream a. attached to proteins b. attached to carbohydrates c. attached to amino acids d. as free hormones

d. as free hormones

which of the following statements is not true a. they hypothalamus is important to both the nervous and endocrine systems b. both the nervous and endocrine systems may utilize the same chemical molecule c. some neurons secrete hormones d. both the nervous and endocrine system respond quickly and are active for a long time

d. both the nervous and endocrine system respond quickly and are active for a long time

which chemical class of hormone is more likely to need a binding protein for transport in the blood a. water-soluble b. amino acid derivative c. protein d. lipid-soluble

d. lipid-soluble

the hypothalamus a. rests in the sella turcica b. is also called the neurohypophysis c. is located inferior to the pituitary gland d. regulates the secretory activity of the pituitary gland e. is located superior to the thalamus

d. regulates the secretory activity of the pituitary gland

match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes a. glucagon b. progesterone c. cortison d. T3 e. prolactin anterior pituitary

e. prolactin

hormones with short half-lives a. are usually lipid-soluble b. are maintained at relatively constant levels c. have concentrations that increase slowly d. regulate activities of delayed onset and long duration e. regulate activities of rapid onset and short duration

e. regulate activities of rapid onset and short duration

the amount of melatonin secreted y the pineal body is regulated by a. the stress response b. blood glucose levels c. a person's individual metabolic rate d. the amount of sleep a person gets e. the photoperiod (the daily amount of daylight)

e. the photoperiod (the daily amount of daylight)

the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues f the body is accomplished through _______ circulation hepatic pulmonary peripheral systemic

systemic