Anatomy II: Ch. 16 -Special Senses Activity

______ occurs when impulses from an organ are perceived as originating from the skin. -Phantom pain -Referred pain

-Referred pain

[Select all that apply] Which are true of rods? -They provide a crisp, focused vision. -They discriminate between colors. -They function well in dim light. -There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye. -They are concentrated at the visual axis of the eye, near the center of the retina.

-They function well in dim light. -There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye.

What region of the eye contains the ciliary body? -Fibrous tunic -Vascular tunic -Retina

-Vascular tunic

Receptors of the human body convert stimulus energy into ______. -an electrical signal -mechanical energy -chemicals

-an electrical signal

Which cavity of the eyeball is divided into an anterior and posterior chamber? -anterior cavity -posterior cavity

-anterior cavity

Gustatory cells are ______. -chemoreceptors -mechanoreceptors -photoreceptors

-chemoreceptors

What is the largest structure of the vascular tunic? -ciliary body -iris -choroid

-choroid

Which structure of the eye absorbs light to prevent it from scattering within the eye? -retina -ciliary body -choroid -lens

-choroid

What type of photoreceptors detects color? -cones -rods

-cones

[Select all that apply] Which events occur during bright light adaptation? -cones gradually adjust -cones become inactive -pupils constrict -pupils dilate -rods become inactive

-cones gradually adjust -pupils constrict -rods become inactive

As we adjust to low light, our ______ becomes nonfunctional and it may take ______ for rhodopsin to become regenerated sufficiently so that you can see well in low-light conditions. -rods; 1 hour -rods; 20-30 minutes -cones; 20-30 minutes -cones; 1 hour

-cones; 20-30 minutes

The limbus is the junction between the sclera and the ______. -iris -retina -choroid -cornea

-cornea

Which are a part of the fibrous tunic? -cornea -iris -sclera

-cornea -sclera

Light rays are refracted or bent when they pass through two media of different ______. -solubilities -densities -colors -molarities

-densities

The tympanic membrane is more commonly called the ______. -eustachian tube -pinna -eardrum -throat

-eardrum

The external layer of the eyeball is the ______ tunic. -vascular -fibrous -nervous

-fibrous

The vestibulocochlear nerve transmits ______ information. -smell and taste -hearing and equilibrium -taste and hearing

-hearing and equilibrium

Where are photoreceptors located? -in the neural layer of the retina -in the neural layer of the choroid -in the pigmented layer of the choroid -in the pigmented layer of the iris

-in the neural layer of the retina

What structure is the dividing line between the anterior and posterior chambers? -retina -iris -cornea

-iris

The process by which your eyes adjust from low light to bright light conditions is ______. -light adaptation -astigmatism -dark adaptation -presbyopia

-light adaptation

The optic disc contains ______ photoreceptors. -many -no

-no

Optic tracts ultimately are directed to the primary visual cortex in the ______ lobe. -occipital -frontal -parietal -temporal

-occipital

The sense of smell is called ______. -proprioception -olfaction -gustation -nociception

-olfaction

A lack of photoreceptors in this structure creates the "blind spot"? -fovea centralis -optic disc -macula lutea

-optic disc note: The macula lutea has a very high concentration of photoreceptors.

Olfactory receptors ______. -maintain coordination and balance -perceive sounds -perceive tastes -perceive odors

-perceive odors

What type of receptor can undergo adaptation? -tonic -phasic

-phasic

[Select all that apply] The sclera ______. -is made of loose connective tissue -provides for eye shape -is made of dense connective tissue -allows light to enter the eye

-provides for eye shape -is made of dense connective tissue

The iris controls the size of the ______. -lens -pupil -eyeball

-pupil

Most of the eye is ______ the orbit of the skull. -receded into -exterior to

-receded into

The area that a receptor cell gathers information from is called the ______. -phasic receptor -stimulus -tonic receptor -receptive field

-receptive field

Some individuals experience pain in their left shoulder during a heart attack. This is an example of ______. -referred pain -phantom pain

-referred pain

Which part of the eye is an attachment site for extrinsic eye muscles? -sclera -cornea -lens

-sclera

Receptors for general senses are usually ___. -found in specialized sensory organs -complex in structure -simple in structure

-simple in structure

Receptors for general senses are distributed throughout the ______ and viscera. -eyes -skin -bones -ears

-skin

Localization and sensitivity are easily determined in a ______ receptive field. -small -large

-small

Olfaction is the sense of ______. -taste -balance -smell -vision

-smell

A feature common to all receptors is ______. -the ability to respond to a stimulus -they are always unicellular -they are found in specialized sense organs -they are found on tips of axons

-the ability to respond to a stimulus

[Select all that apply] Optic tracts extend to which structures after they leave the optic chiasm? -the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus -the medial geniculate nucleus of the hypothalamus -inferior colliculi -superior colliculi

-the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus -superior colliculi

The cornea is ______. -opaque -transparent

-transparent note: The sclera is opaque

The external acoustic meatus extends from the auricle to the ______. -pinna -cochlea -tympanic membrane -vestibule

-tympanic membrane

[Select all that apply] Sensory receptors in which structures help monitor and adjust our equilibrium? -cochlea -auditory tube -utricle -saccule -semicircular ducts

-utricle -saccule -semicircular ducts

The vascular tunic of the eye is also called the ______. -cornea -retina -uvea -iris

-uvea

Which layer of the eye contains the blood and lymph vessels? -fibrous tunic -retina -vascular tunic

-vascular tunic

The posterior cavity contains the ______ humor. -scleral -vitreous

-vitreous

The vascular tunic in order from anterior to posterior. -choroid -iris -ciliary body

1. Iris 2. ciliary body 3. choroid

Order these structures from superficial to deep. Start with the outermost structure first. -Pigmented layer of retina -Choroid -Neural layer of retina -Sclera

1. Sclera 2. Choroid 3. Pigmented layer of retina 4. Neural layer of retina

When the bipolar cells release their neurotransmitter, the ___ cells propagate a nerve signal along the ___ nerve.

Blank 1: ganglion or ganglia Blank 2: optic

The black hole in the eye is called the ___ and it is surrounded by the colorful ___.

Blank 1: pupil Blank 2: iris

Gustation is the sense of ___

Taste

Hearing and equilibrium are transmitted along which cranial nerve? -VIII -VI -VII -IX -X

VIII (8)

Gustatory cells are found in taste ____.

buds OR receptors

When you go from a bright light environment to a dark environment, you have a slow sensitivity to low light levels. This is called __________.

dark adaptation

The auricle has ___ cartilage that supports its structure.

elastic

The auricle directs sound waves into the bony tube called the __________ meatus.

external acoustic OR external auditory

The term equilibrium refers to our awareness and monitoring of our ____ position.

head

When the photoreceptors stop ____ the bipolar cells, the bipolar cells can then release their neurotransmitter that binds to receptors on the ganglion cells.

inhibiting OR blocking

The fat surrounding the eye is called ____fat.

orbital OR periorbital

The external ear is located mostly on the outside of the body, while the middle and inner ear areas are housed within the ___ part of the temporal bone.

petrous

If stimulated over a period of time, ___ receptors lose eventually sensitivity.

phasic OR adapting

The apparent distortion of the spoon in the water glass is due to the phenomenon called _____.

refraction

In the eye, the ____ humor is gelatinous.

vitreous