Anatomy II: Ch. 16 -Special Senses Activity
______ occurs when impulses from an organ are perceived as originating from the skin. -Phantom pain -Referred pain
-Referred pain
[Select all that apply] Which are true of rods? -They provide a crisp, focused vision. -They discriminate between colors. -They function well in dim light. -There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye. -They are concentrated at the visual axis of the eye, near the center of the retina.
-They function well in dim light. -There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye.
What region of the eye contains the ciliary body? -Fibrous tunic -Vascular tunic -Retina
-Vascular tunic
Receptors of the human body convert stimulus energy into ______. -an electrical signal -mechanical energy -chemicals
-an electrical signal
Which cavity of the eyeball is divided into an anterior and posterior chamber? -anterior cavity -posterior cavity
-anterior cavity
Gustatory cells are ______. -chemoreceptors -mechanoreceptors -photoreceptors
-chemoreceptors
What is the largest structure of the vascular tunic? -ciliary body -iris -choroid
-choroid
Which structure of the eye absorbs light to prevent it from scattering within the eye? -retina -ciliary body -choroid -lens
-choroid
What type of photoreceptors detects color? -cones -rods
-cones
[Select all that apply] Which events occur during bright light adaptation? -cones gradually adjust -cones become inactive -pupils constrict -pupils dilate -rods become inactive
-cones gradually adjust -pupils constrict -rods become inactive
As we adjust to low light, our ______ becomes nonfunctional and it may take ______ for rhodopsin to become regenerated sufficiently so that you can see well in low-light conditions. -rods; 1 hour -rods; 20-30 minutes -cones; 20-30 minutes -cones; 1 hour
-cones; 20-30 minutes
The limbus is the junction between the sclera and the ______. -iris -retina -choroid -cornea
-cornea
Which are a part of the fibrous tunic? -cornea -iris -sclera
-cornea -sclera
Light rays are refracted or bent when they pass through two media of different ______. -solubilities -densities -colors -molarities
-densities
The tympanic membrane is more commonly called the ______. -eustachian tube -pinna -eardrum -throat
-eardrum
The external layer of the eyeball is the ______ tunic. -vascular -fibrous -nervous
-fibrous
The vestibulocochlear nerve transmits ______ information. -smell and taste -hearing and equilibrium -taste and hearing
-hearing and equilibrium
Where are photoreceptors located? -in the neural layer of the retina -in the neural layer of the choroid -in the pigmented layer of the choroid -in the pigmented layer of the iris
-in the neural layer of the retina
What structure is the dividing line between the anterior and posterior chambers? -retina -iris -cornea
-iris
The process by which your eyes adjust from low light to bright light conditions is ______. -light adaptation -astigmatism -dark adaptation -presbyopia
-light adaptation
The optic disc contains ______ photoreceptors. -many -no
-no
Optic tracts ultimately are directed to the primary visual cortex in the ______ lobe. -occipital -frontal -parietal -temporal
-occipital
The sense of smell is called ______. -proprioception -olfaction -gustation -nociception
-olfaction
A lack of photoreceptors in this structure creates the "blind spot"? -fovea centralis -optic disc -macula lutea
-optic disc note: The macula lutea has a very high concentration of photoreceptors.
Olfactory receptors ______. -maintain coordination and balance -perceive sounds -perceive tastes -perceive odors
-perceive odors
What type of receptor can undergo adaptation? -tonic -phasic
-phasic
[Select all that apply] The sclera ______. -is made of loose connective tissue -provides for eye shape -is made of dense connective tissue -allows light to enter the eye
-provides for eye shape -is made of dense connective tissue
The iris controls the size of the ______. -lens -pupil -eyeball
-pupil
Most of the eye is ______ the orbit of the skull. -receded into -exterior to
-receded into
The area that a receptor cell gathers information from is called the ______. -phasic receptor -stimulus -tonic receptor -receptive field
-receptive field
Some individuals experience pain in their left shoulder during a heart attack. This is an example of ______. -referred pain -phantom pain
-referred pain
Which part of the eye is an attachment site for extrinsic eye muscles? -sclera -cornea -lens
-sclera
Receptors for general senses are usually ___. -found in specialized sensory organs -complex in structure -simple in structure
-simple in structure
Receptors for general senses are distributed throughout the ______ and viscera. -eyes -skin -bones -ears
-skin
Localization and sensitivity are easily determined in a ______ receptive field. -small -large
-small
Olfaction is the sense of ______. -taste -balance -smell -vision
-smell
A feature common to all receptors is ______. -the ability to respond to a stimulus -they are always unicellular -they are found in specialized sense organs -they are found on tips of axons
-the ability to respond to a stimulus
[Select all that apply] Optic tracts extend to which structures after they leave the optic chiasm? -the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus -the medial geniculate nucleus of the hypothalamus -inferior colliculi -superior colliculi
-the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus -superior colliculi
The cornea is ______. -opaque -transparent
-transparent note: The sclera is opaque
The external acoustic meatus extends from the auricle to the ______. -pinna -cochlea -tympanic membrane -vestibule
-tympanic membrane
[Select all that apply] Sensory receptors in which structures help monitor and adjust our equilibrium? -cochlea -auditory tube -utricle -saccule -semicircular ducts
-utricle -saccule -semicircular ducts
The vascular tunic of the eye is also called the ______. -cornea -retina -uvea -iris
-uvea
Which layer of the eye contains the blood and lymph vessels? -fibrous tunic -retina -vascular tunic
-vascular tunic
The posterior cavity contains the ______ humor. -scleral -vitreous
-vitreous
The vascular tunic in order from anterior to posterior. -choroid -iris -ciliary body
1. Iris 2. ciliary body 3. choroid
Order these structures from superficial to deep. Start with the outermost structure first. -Pigmented layer of retina -Choroid -Neural layer of retina -Sclera
1. Sclera 2. Choroid 3. Pigmented layer of retina 4. Neural layer of retina
When the bipolar cells release their neurotransmitter, the ___ cells propagate a nerve signal along the ___ nerve.
Blank 1: ganglion or ganglia Blank 2: optic
The black hole in the eye is called the ___ and it is surrounded by the colorful ___.
Blank 1: pupil Blank 2: iris
Gustation is the sense of ___
Taste
Hearing and equilibrium are transmitted along which cranial nerve? -VIII -VI -VII -IX -X
VIII (8)
Gustatory cells are found in taste ____.
buds OR receptors
When you go from a bright light environment to a dark environment, you have a slow sensitivity to low light levels. This is called __________.
dark adaptation
The auricle has ___ cartilage that supports its structure.
elastic
The auricle directs sound waves into the bony tube called the __________ meatus.
external acoustic OR external auditory
The term equilibrium refers to our awareness and monitoring of our ____ position.
head
When the photoreceptors stop ____ the bipolar cells, the bipolar cells can then release their neurotransmitter that binds to receptors on the ganglion cells.
inhibiting OR blocking
The fat surrounding the eye is called ____fat.
orbital OR periorbital
The external ear is located mostly on the outside of the body, while the middle and inner ear areas are housed within the ___ part of the temporal bone.
petrous
If stimulated over a period of time, ___ receptors lose eventually sensitivity.
phasic OR adapting
The apparent distortion of the spoon in the water glass is due to the phenomenon called _____.
refraction
In the eye, the ____ humor is gelatinous.
vitreous