Anatomy Lecture Final Exam: The Digestive System
hepatic portal system
Blood from the superior mesenteric vein joins the splenic vein then flows into the ______.
lingual papillae
Bumps on the tongue surface
functions of saliva
Dissolves molecules so they can be tasted Aids in swallowing Cleanses mouth and teeth
functions of oral cavity
Ingestion Respiration Speech
lobules
Microscopic subunits of the liver, each consisting of a central vein passing down its core, are called hepatic ___________.
chyme
Partially digested, semiliquid food mixed with digestive enzymes and acids in the stomach.
functions of cheeks and lips
Pushing food between the teeth for chewing Sucking Speech articulation
pancreas
Regulates the level of sugar in the blood
cecum
The first part of the large intestine, into which the ileum opens.
dentin
The hard yellowish material that makes up most of the tooth is called ______.
esophagus; larynx
The pharynx connects the oral cavity to the ______ and the nasal cavity to the ______.
transverse
The portion of the large intestine that passes horizontally across the abdominal cavity is the ___________ colon.
gallbladder
The sac on the underside of the liver that serves to store and concentrate bile is called the ______.
ascending
The segment of the digestive tract passing up the right side of the abdomen is the ______________ colon.
superior mesenteric
The small intestine receives nearly all of its blood supply from the _____________ _______________ artery.
true
True or false: The anterior two-thirds of the tongue is called the body.
true
True or false: The posterior one-third of the tongue is called the root.
functions of large intestine
Water and electrolyte absorption
duodenum, jejunum, ileum
What are the segments of the small intestine in the order through which food passes?
vestibule
What is the space between the lips and teeth called?
long
Which digestive reflexes use autonomic nerve fibers running to and from the brainstem?
Cholecystokinin
Which hormone is secreted by the small intestine in response to the presence of fats in the small intestine?
falciform
Which ligament separates the right and left lobes of the liver?
masseter and temporalis
Which muscles produce the up-and-down crushing action of the teeth during mastication?
short
Which reflexes that utilize the myenteric nerve plexus to control digestive activity?
sinusoids
Within the liver, blood flows between rows of hepatocytes through which channels?
crown of tooth
above the gum line
right and left
anterior lobes of the liver include the _______ and ________ lobes.
submucosa of esophagus
contains esophageal glands that produce mucus for lubrication
enamel
hard, outermost layer of a tooth; cell free
colon
large intestine that excludes the cecum, rectum and anal canal
liver
largest organ in the body; produces bile
labial frenulum
median attachment of each lip to gum
protein; fat
partial digestion of both ____________ and _______ can occur in the stomach.
root of tooth
portion below the gum line
caudate; quadrate
posterior lobes of the liver include the _________ and ____________ lobes.
ingestion
selective intake of food
gastroenterology
study of the digestive tract and their diseases
deglutition
swallowing process
mesentery
the sheets of connective tissue that hold the abdominal viscera in place are called
defecation
the stimulus for the _______________ reflex is stretching of the rectum.
neck of tooth
where the crown and root meet