Anatomy Lecture Final Exam: The Digestive System

hepatic portal system

Blood from the superior mesenteric vein joins the splenic vein then flows into the ______.

lingual papillae

Bumps on the tongue surface

functions of saliva

Dissolves molecules so they can be tasted Aids in swallowing Cleanses mouth and teeth

functions of oral cavity

Ingestion Respiration Speech

lobules

Microscopic subunits of the liver, each consisting of a central vein passing down its core, are called hepatic ___________.

chyme

Partially digested, semiliquid food mixed with digestive enzymes and acids in the stomach.

functions of cheeks and lips

Pushing food between the teeth for chewing Sucking Speech articulation

pancreas

Regulates the level of sugar in the blood

cecum

The first part of the large intestine, into which the ileum opens.

dentin

The hard yellowish material that makes up most of the tooth is called ______.

esophagus; larynx

The pharynx connects the oral cavity to the ______ and the nasal cavity to the ______.

transverse

The portion of the large intestine that passes horizontally across the abdominal cavity is the ___________ colon.

gallbladder

The sac on the underside of the liver that serves to store and concentrate bile is called the ______.

ascending

The segment of the digestive tract passing up the right side of the abdomen is the ______________ colon.

superior mesenteric

The small intestine receives nearly all of its blood supply from the _____________ _______________ artery.

true

True or false: The anterior two-thirds of the tongue is called the body.

true

True or false: The posterior one-third of the tongue is called the root.

functions of large intestine

Water and electrolyte absorption

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

What are the segments of the small intestine in the order through which food passes?

vestibule

What is the space between the lips and teeth called?

long

Which digestive reflexes use autonomic nerve fibers running to and from the brainstem?

Cholecystokinin

Which hormone is secreted by the small intestine in response to the presence of fats in the small intestine?

falciform

Which ligament separates the right and left lobes of the liver?

masseter and temporalis

Which muscles produce the up-and-down crushing action of the teeth during mastication?

short

Which reflexes that utilize the myenteric nerve plexus to control digestive activity?

sinusoids

Within the liver, blood flows between rows of hepatocytes through which channels?

crown of tooth

above the gum line

right and left

anterior lobes of the liver include the _______ and ________ lobes.

submucosa of esophagus

contains esophageal glands that produce mucus for lubrication

enamel

hard, outermost layer of a tooth; cell free

colon

large intestine that excludes the cecum, rectum and anal canal

liver

largest organ in the body; produces bile

labial frenulum

median attachment of each lip to gum

protein; fat

partial digestion of both ____________ and _______ can occur in the stomach.

root of tooth

portion below the gum line

caudate; quadrate

posterior lobes of the liver include the _________ and ____________ lobes.

ingestion

selective intake of food

gastroenterology

study of the digestive tract and their diseases

deglutition

swallowing process

mesentery

the sheets of connective tissue that hold the abdominal viscera in place are called

defecation

the stimulus for the _______________ reflex is stretching of the rectum.

neck of tooth

where the crown and root meet