Anatomy- Nervous System, Digestive System and Digestive disorders
Rick quickly pulled his hand away from the hot stove. What type of reflex is this?
Withdrawal reflex
The part of the neuron that typically conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body is the
axon
What part of the neuron releases nerotransmitters from vesicles?
axon terminals
The term central nervous system refers to the _________.
brain and spinal cord
villi and microvilli produce a large surface area for the enhancement of
Absorption
Fibers that carry information from the skin, joints, and skeletal muscles to the central nervous system are ________.
Both somatic and sensory
The digestive system includes
organs of the GI tract Salivary glands liver and gallbladder pancreas
The pyloric sphincter acts as a valve to control the flow of partially digested food between
stomach and small intestines
What is NOT a major region of the brain?
ventral ramus
What is the name for fingerlike projections (spongebob shape) that extend from the absorptive mucosal cells of the small intestine into the lumen of the GI tract?
villi
The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are housed in the _____ and controls _________.
Brain stem; basic body functions
Which of the following is a major function of the pons?
Breathing
Which organ adds acid, enzymes, and gastric juice that grind food into a similiquid?
Stomach
What are the two main functional subdivisions of the nervous system?
Central and Peripheral
Wendy had a few alcoholic drinks, then found walking and maintaining her balance difficult. Which part of her brain was sedated by the alcohol?
Cerebellum
What congenital disorder can occur when there is a temporary lack of oxygen during delivery of a baby?
Cerebral Palsy
What brain dysfunction results when blood supply to a region of the brain is blocked and vital brain tissues dies, as by a blood clot or a ruptured blood vessel?
Cerebrovascular accident>
The large fiber tract that allows communication between the two cerebral hemispheres is called the ______
Corpus Callosum
A condition in which there are small pouches or pockets in the wall or lining of the colon is known as
Diverticular disease
Prebiotics can help prevent digestive conditions by
Fostering the growth of good bacteria
The regurgitation of acid content from the stomach into the esophagus is called
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
What is the tubular channel extending from the mouth to the anus in which digestion and absorption occur?
Gastrointestinal tract
A person suffering from celiac disease should eliminate______ from their diet to ease the symptoms
Gluten
Control of temperature, endocrine activity, metabolism, and thirst are functions associated with the _____
Hypothalamus
What are the two main functional properties of neurons?
Irritability and Conductivity
Which organ absorbs water and some minerals and vitamins, while passing waste material to its lower portion?
Large intestines
Which organ produces bile for fat digestion?
Liver
The vital centers for the control of visceral activities such as heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing, and vomiting are located in the _______.
Medulla oblongata
The blood-brain barrier is effective against the passage of _______
Metabolic waste such as urea
Which of the following structures gives the lining of the small intestines a brushlike appearance, giving it the term brush border?
Microvilli
Mr. Warren has spinal cord damage that prevents nerve impulses from being carried from the CNS to muscles or glands. What specific type of neuron has been damaged?
Motor Neuron
What division of the autonomic nervous system is often called the "rest and digest" division?
Parasympathetic
The effects of the sympathetic nervous system are essentially opposite of the ______
Parasympathetic nervous system
What reflexes stimulate the skeletal muscles?
Somatic
In which cerebral lobe is the primary somaticsensory cortex located?
Parietal
The hypothalamus regulates the ______.
Pituitary gland
Rhythmic wavelike contractions of the smooth muscle of the GI tract are called
Propulsion
Nutrients are predominantly absorbed in which of of the following?
Small intestines
Which branch of the autonomic nervous system mobilizes the body during extreme situations, such as rage or fear?
Sympathetic division