Anatomy- Nervous System, Digestive System and Digestive disorders

Rick quickly pulled his hand away from the hot stove. What type of reflex is this?

Withdrawal reflex

The part of the neuron that typically conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body is the

axon

What part of the neuron releases nerotransmitters from vesicles?

axon terminals

The term central nervous system refers to the _________.

brain and spinal cord

villi and microvilli produce a large surface area for the enhancement of

Absorption

Fibers that carry information from the skin, joints, and skeletal muscles to the central nervous system are ________.

Both somatic and sensory

The digestive system includes

organs of the GI tract Salivary glands liver and gallbladder pancreas

The pyloric sphincter acts as a valve to control the flow of partially digested food between

stomach and small intestines

What is NOT a major region of the brain?

ventral ramus

What is the name for fingerlike projections (spongebob shape) that extend from the absorptive mucosal cells of the small intestine into the lumen of the GI tract?

villi

The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are housed in the _____ and controls _________.

Brain stem; basic body functions

Which of the following is a major function of the pons?

Breathing

Which organ adds acid, enzymes, and gastric juice that grind food into a similiquid?

Stomach

What are the two main functional subdivisions of the nervous system?

Central and Peripheral

Wendy had a few alcoholic drinks, then found walking and maintaining her balance difficult. Which part of her brain was sedated by the alcohol?

Cerebellum

What congenital disorder can occur when there is a temporary lack of oxygen during delivery of a baby?

Cerebral Palsy

What brain dysfunction results when blood supply to a region of the brain is blocked and vital brain tissues dies, as by a blood clot or a ruptured blood vessel?

Cerebrovascular accident>

The large fiber tract that allows communication between the two cerebral hemispheres is called the ______

Corpus Callosum

A condition in which there are small pouches or pockets in the wall or lining of the colon is known as

Diverticular disease

Prebiotics can help prevent digestive conditions by

Fostering the growth of good bacteria

The regurgitation of acid content from the stomach into the esophagus is called

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

What is the tubular channel extending from the mouth to the anus in which digestion and absorption occur?

Gastrointestinal tract

A person suffering from celiac disease should eliminate______ from their diet to ease the symptoms

Gluten

Control of temperature, endocrine activity, metabolism, and thirst are functions associated with the _____

Hypothalamus

What are the two main functional properties of neurons?

Irritability and Conductivity

Which organ absorbs water and some minerals and vitamins, while passing waste material to its lower portion?

Large intestines

Which organ produces bile for fat digestion?

Liver

The vital centers for the control of visceral activities such as heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing, and vomiting are located in the _______.

Medulla oblongata

The blood-brain barrier is effective against the passage of _______

Metabolic waste such as urea

Which of the following structures gives the lining of the small intestines a brushlike appearance, giving it the term brush border?

Microvilli

Mr. Warren has spinal cord damage that prevents nerve impulses from being carried from the CNS to muscles or glands. What specific type of neuron has been damaged?

Motor Neuron

What division of the autonomic nervous system is often called the "rest and digest" division?

Parasympathetic

The effects of the sympathetic nervous system are essentially opposite of the ______

Parasympathetic nervous system

What reflexes stimulate the skeletal muscles?

Somatic

In which cerebral lobe is the primary somaticsensory cortex located?

Parietal

The hypothalamus regulates the ______.

Pituitary gland

Rhythmic wavelike contractions of the smooth muscle of the GI tract are called

Propulsion

Nutrients are predominantly absorbed in which of of the following?

Small intestines

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system mobilizes the body during extreme situations, such as rage or fear?

Sympathetic division