Ancient History Final Exam

What did Paul do to promote Christianity in its early state? PAGE 357

He spread Christianity to people who were not Jewish

Why did Jews have hope for a Messiah? PAGE 348

He would free them from foreign powers. (Restore the Kingdom of David)

Why was it important for the Plebeians to have laws written down? PAGE 320

So patricians couldn't change them

Define the following: a. Monarchy b. Oligarchy

a. Monarchy: a form of government in which the ruling power is in the hands of one person. b. Oligarchy: a form of government in which the ruling power is in the hands of a few people.

Define the following: a. Tyranny b. Democracy

a. Tyranny: a form of government in which the ruling power is in the hands of one person who is not a lawful king. b. Democracy: a form of government in which the ruling power is shared by all citizens.

When did Jesus celebrate the festival of Passover? PAGE 354

A few days before his execution

What is a stoic? PAGE 370

A person who has self control, courage, and dignity. Not one who is angry.

What is the Renaissance? PAGE 365

A rebirth of Greek and Roman ideas in Europe

Define parable. PAGE 353

A simple story that explains a moral or religious lesson

How did the Romans feel about the many religions they were exposed to as Rome expanded? PAGE 338

Accepted new religions unless they went against the emperor

Why did slaves and the poor in Rome have hope in Christianity? PAGE 359

They hoped for a better life after death.

What was a result of the Greeks not having enough farmland? PAGE 251

They started new colonies and traded to get supplies.

What kind of money did Sparta use? PAGE 266 a.What does this tell you about them?

They used heavy iron bars a. They discouraged trade.

What happened when Christians did not worship Roman gods, did not believe the emperor was a god, and did not serve in the army? PAGE 358

They were persecuted. (Sentenced to die in cruel and painful ways)

What do we know about Rome's roads, bridges and aqueducts? PAGE 367

They were the greatest in the ancient world

Why do Americans follow Roman tradition and make statues of important historical figures? PAGE 364

To show nobility (nobleness of mind, character, or spirit; exalted moral excellence.)

What were the Chinese able to do for the first time during the Han dynasty? PAGE 227

Trade Silk

Why did the Greeks prefer to travel by water more than land? PAGE 248

Traveling through the mountains was difficult. Roads were unpaved and rocks shattered wooden wheels.

True or False? Patrons paid the artists. PAGE 364

True

What did the Greeks' love of sports prove about them? PAGE 286

Valued health and intellect

What is China's climate like? PAGE 184

Varied (Examples are ice storms in the high mountains to sandstorms in the deserts).

Define patricians. PAGE 318

Wealthy landowners

What did the Shang army have that made them so powerful? PAGE 197

Weapons made of bronze

How long did the Eastern Empire last after 476 C.E.? PAGE 363

1000 years

How do you write the following Roman numerals? 6, 12, 17, and 25. PAGE 369

6- VI 12- XII 17- XVII 25- XXV

How did Greece manage to do so well in the Persian wars? PAGE 274 and 275 (sidebar)

Clever military strategy

Which emperor started the movement of letting Christians worship openly? PAGE 359

Constantine

The Chinese began making weapons out of Iron? What did this allow? PAGE 224

Fewer injuries in battle because of the improved strength and quality of the armor. (Ex: fish-scale armor that flexed with the body.)

How did Alexander unite the Greek city-states? PAGE 290

Focused attention on a common enemy (Persia)

Who claimed that people would live according to God's will? PAGE 352

Jesus

What is a Cameo used for? PAGE 365

Jewelry

What piece of architecture was at the center of Rome? PAGE 336 (sidebar)

The Forum

At a Roman trial who was in charge of making the decisions? PAGE 337

The Jury

Which God did the temple of Delphi honor? PAGE 281

Apollo

What event led up to Jesus being able to preach publicly? PAGE 351

At age 30, John the Baptist said he was the Messiah

Where did the languages Spanish and French come from? PAGE 368

From the Latin language

What was the result of the Persian wars? PAGE 276

Greek independence was preserved.

Which dynasty lasted longer, The Qin or Han? PAGE 223 and PAGE 215

Han lasted longer (More than 400 years, 206 b.c.e.- 220 c.e) Qin (221 b.c.e.- 210 b.c.e.)

How did Alexander convince the Persians to follow him after his victory? PAGE 294

He adopted Persian practices (Ex: received official visitors Persian style, encouraged Macedonians and Greeks to marry, allowed Persian governors to run day to day business).

Who was King Herod? PAGE 348\ a.Why was he not trusted by the Jews?

Herod was a man that Rome appointed to be King. He was not Jewish but converted to the Jewish religion and rebuilt the Temple of Jerusalem. a.He was controlled by the Romans

What did the Romans do with stone, sand, and cement? PAGE 366

They built bigger arches than anyone before them

Why was silk so important to the Chinese? PAGE 235

It was strong, warm, light and soft. At first the Chinese were the only ones who knew how to make it.

Why made the Roman Empire hard to defend? PAGE 362

It was very large

What is a peninsula: PAGE 247

Land that is surrounded on three sides by water. Example: Greece

What were the Greek's major contributions in? PAGE 298

Language and Government (alphabet and form of government)

Out of the three Chinese philosophies, which one did Qin Shihuangdi live by? PAGE 213

Legalism

What is legalism? PAGE 212 a.List three examples.

Legalism is a Chinese philosophy that emphasizes strict obedience to laws. a.People are basically selfish,Laws must be strict and strictly enforced,Punishments for breaking laws must be harsh.

What did Jesus emphasize in his teachings? PAGE 352

Love and Mercy

Because the Tibetan plateau has high elevation it also has what else? PAGE 186

Low temperatures: Snow even falls in the summer

What was education like in Sparta? PAGE 267

Military training for boys and girls starting at the age of 7

When Rome expanded, how were the Plebeians affected? PAGE 319

More plebeians had to serve in the army

What is the idea that 'all people have rights' based upon? PAGE 371

Natural law

Where did Jesus probably grow up? PAGE 350 a.What was his family life like? PAGE 351

Nazareth a.Learned carpentry from Dad, Joseph and Studies Jewish law and Religious writings

What were the ways Tyrants could lose their power? PAGE 256 (sidebar)

Overthrown by the people

What did the Chinese invent to help them communicate more effectively? PAGE 228

Paper

What did archaeologists find in the ruins of Anyang? PAGE 196 a.What does this mean?

Remains of royal cities with human and animal bones inside the tombs a. Kings were buried with supplies for the afterlife

What was Roman housing like? PAGE 341

Rich homes- Grand homes made out of stone and marble Poor homes-tall apartment buildings without kitchens

What reason does the New Testament give for the arrest of Jesus? PAGE 355

Romans feared he would start a revolt

What happened during the first period of Roman expansion? PAGE 327

Romans took over the Italian peninsula

Why did the Greeks and Etruscans influence the Romans? PAGE 310 (map)

Rome was geographically next to Greece and Etruria

Which dynasty came before the Zhou? PAGE 202

Shang

Why did the Persians think Greece would be an easy target? PAGE 271

They had more land and people than the Greeks.

Where does the word geography come from? PAGE 301 a.What does it mean in Greek?

The Greeks a. Writing about the Earth

How did the Romans learn about Greece? PAGE 310

The Greeks settled close by (in southern Italy and on the island of Sicily)

Why are there few historical records of Jesus' life? PAGE 349

The Romans mostly took record of emperor's lives, not common people

What were the Shang dynasty's biggest accomplishments? PAGE 197 (MAP)

The Shang Dynasty's biggest accomplishment was that they controlled all of ancient China.

How did people from different parts of the Shang dynasty communicate? PAGE 201

The Shang dynasty communicated by writing because they used the same kind of money. Language varied.

What effect did the Silk Road have on trade? PAGE 241

The Silk Road affected many areas including Rome and other parts of china. Culturally, it helped spread religion. Buddhism spread from India to China.

What action surprised Julius Caesars' killers? PAGE 331

The beginning of a civil war

What happened in Rome because of the lack of ruling power it had? (rulers being overthrown) PAGE 363

The empire of Rome fell

How do we know about the life of Jesus? PAGE 349

The gospels written by Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John

Why was the Great Wall built? PAGE 218

The great wall was built along China's northern border to protect the empire from invaders.

What event occurred in 476 C.E.? PAGE 363

The last emperor in Rome was removed.

How did someone become a member of the council of 500 in Athens? PAGE 261

The names of all citizens were collected and 500 were chosen in a random drawing.

What action caused the Plebeians to become equal to the Patricians? PAGE 320

The right to pass laws for all citizens

What is the Parthenon? PAGE 280 a.Where was it built? b. Why would the Greeks put it there?

The temple honoring the goddess Athena a. On the Acropolis above Athens. b. To honor Athena

Why did Jesus preach mostly outdoors? PAGE 352

There were too many people to fit anywhere else.

When did Paul write letters to Christians? PAGE 357

When he was in jail.

What animals were used on the Silk Road to help transport goods? PAGES 236-239 a. Eastern? b. Western?

a.Eastern: Camels were used in caravans b. Western: Pack animals such as Yaks and donkeys