Ancient History Final Exam
What did Paul do to promote Christianity in its early state? PAGE 357
He spread Christianity to people who were not Jewish
Why did Jews have hope for a Messiah? PAGE 348
He would free them from foreign powers. (Restore the Kingdom of David)
Why was it important for the Plebeians to have laws written down? PAGE 320
So patricians couldn't change them
Define the following: a. Monarchy b. Oligarchy
a. Monarchy: a form of government in which the ruling power is in the hands of one person. b. Oligarchy: a form of government in which the ruling power is in the hands of a few people.
Define the following: a. Tyranny b. Democracy
a. Tyranny: a form of government in which the ruling power is in the hands of one person who is not a lawful king. b. Democracy: a form of government in which the ruling power is shared by all citizens.
When did Jesus celebrate the festival of Passover? PAGE 354
A few days before his execution
What is a stoic? PAGE 370
A person who has self control, courage, and dignity. Not one who is angry.
What is the Renaissance? PAGE 365
A rebirth of Greek and Roman ideas in Europe
Define parable. PAGE 353
A simple story that explains a moral or religious lesson
How did the Romans feel about the many religions they were exposed to as Rome expanded? PAGE 338
Accepted new religions unless they went against the emperor
Why did slaves and the poor in Rome have hope in Christianity? PAGE 359
They hoped for a better life after death.
What was a result of the Greeks not having enough farmland? PAGE 251
They started new colonies and traded to get supplies.
What kind of money did Sparta use? PAGE 266 a.What does this tell you about them?
They used heavy iron bars a. They discouraged trade.
What happened when Christians did not worship Roman gods, did not believe the emperor was a god, and did not serve in the army? PAGE 358
They were persecuted. (Sentenced to die in cruel and painful ways)
What do we know about Rome's roads, bridges and aqueducts? PAGE 367
They were the greatest in the ancient world
Why do Americans follow Roman tradition and make statues of important historical figures? PAGE 364
To show nobility (nobleness of mind, character, or spirit; exalted moral excellence.)
What were the Chinese able to do for the first time during the Han dynasty? PAGE 227
Trade Silk
Why did the Greeks prefer to travel by water more than land? PAGE 248
Traveling through the mountains was difficult. Roads were unpaved and rocks shattered wooden wheels.
True or False? Patrons paid the artists. PAGE 364
True
What did the Greeks' love of sports prove about them? PAGE 286
Valued health and intellect
What is China's climate like? PAGE 184
Varied (Examples are ice storms in the high mountains to sandstorms in the deserts).
Define patricians. PAGE 318
Wealthy landowners
What did the Shang army have that made them so powerful? PAGE 197
Weapons made of bronze
How long did the Eastern Empire last after 476 C.E.? PAGE 363
1000 years
How do you write the following Roman numerals? 6, 12, 17, and 25. PAGE 369
6- VI 12- XII 17- XVII 25- XXV
How did Greece manage to do so well in the Persian wars? PAGE 274 and 275 (sidebar)
Clever military strategy
Which emperor started the movement of letting Christians worship openly? PAGE 359
Constantine
The Chinese began making weapons out of Iron? What did this allow? PAGE 224
Fewer injuries in battle because of the improved strength and quality of the armor. (Ex: fish-scale armor that flexed with the body.)
How did Alexander unite the Greek city-states? PAGE 290
Focused attention on a common enemy (Persia)
Who claimed that people would live according to God's will? PAGE 352
Jesus
What is a Cameo used for? PAGE 365
Jewelry
What piece of architecture was at the center of Rome? PAGE 336 (sidebar)
The Forum
At a Roman trial who was in charge of making the decisions? PAGE 337
The Jury
Which God did the temple of Delphi honor? PAGE 281
Apollo
What event led up to Jesus being able to preach publicly? PAGE 351
At age 30, John the Baptist said he was the Messiah
Where did the languages Spanish and French come from? PAGE 368
From the Latin language
What was the result of the Persian wars? PAGE 276
Greek independence was preserved.
Which dynasty lasted longer, The Qin or Han? PAGE 223 and PAGE 215
Han lasted longer (More than 400 years, 206 b.c.e.- 220 c.e) Qin (221 b.c.e.- 210 b.c.e.)
How did Alexander convince the Persians to follow him after his victory? PAGE 294
He adopted Persian practices (Ex: received official visitors Persian style, encouraged Macedonians and Greeks to marry, allowed Persian governors to run day to day business).
Who was King Herod? PAGE 348\ a.Why was he not trusted by the Jews?
Herod was a man that Rome appointed to be King. He was not Jewish but converted to the Jewish religion and rebuilt the Temple of Jerusalem. a.He was controlled by the Romans
What did the Romans do with stone, sand, and cement? PAGE 366
They built bigger arches than anyone before them
Why was silk so important to the Chinese? PAGE 235
It was strong, warm, light and soft. At first the Chinese were the only ones who knew how to make it.
Why made the Roman Empire hard to defend? PAGE 362
It was very large
What is a peninsula: PAGE 247
Land that is surrounded on three sides by water. Example: Greece
What were the Greek's major contributions in? PAGE 298
Language and Government (alphabet and form of government)
Out of the three Chinese philosophies, which one did Qin Shihuangdi live by? PAGE 213
Legalism
What is legalism? PAGE 212 a.List three examples.
Legalism is a Chinese philosophy that emphasizes strict obedience to laws. a.People are basically selfish,Laws must be strict and strictly enforced,Punishments for breaking laws must be harsh.
What did Jesus emphasize in his teachings? PAGE 352
Love and Mercy
Because the Tibetan plateau has high elevation it also has what else? PAGE 186
Low temperatures: Snow even falls in the summer
What was education like in Sparta? PAGE 267
Military training for boys and girls starting at the age of 7
When Rome expanded, how were the Plebeians affected? PAGE 319
More plebeians had to serve in the army
What is the idea that 'all people have rights' based upon? PAGE 371
Natural law
Where did Jesus probably grow up? PAGE 350 a.What was his family life like? PAGE 351
Nazareth a.Learned carpentry from Dad, Joseph and Studies Jewish law and Religious writings
What were the ways Tyrants could lose their power? PAGE 256 (sidebar)
Overthrown by the people
What did the Chinese invent to help them communicate more effectively? PAGE 228
Paper
What did archaeologists find in the ruins of Anyang? PAGE 196 a.What does this mean?
Remains of royal cities with human and animal bones inside the tombs a. Kings were buried with supplies for the afterlife
What was Roman housing like? PAGE 341
Rich homes- Grand homes made out of stone and marble Poor homes-tall apartment buildings without kitchens
What reason does the New Testament give for the arrest of Jesus? PAGE 355
Romans feared he would start a revolt
What happened during the first period of Roman expansion? PAGE 327
Romans took over the Italian peninsula
Why did the Greeks and Etruscans influence the Romans? PAGE 310 (map)
Rome was geographically next to Greece and Etruria
Which dynasty came before the Zhou? PAGE 202
Shang
Why did the Persians think Greece would be an easy target? PAGE 271
They had more land and people than the Greeks.
Where does the word geography come from? PAGE 301 a.What does it mean in Greek?
The Greeks a. Writing about the Earth
How did the Romans learn about Greece? PAGE 310
The Greeks settled close by (in southern Italy and on the island of Sicily)
Why are there few historical records of Jesus' life? PAGE 349
The Romans mostly took record of emperor's lives, not common people
What were the Shang dynasty's biggest accomplishments? PAGE 197 (MAP)
The Shang Dynasty's biggest accomplishment was that they controlled all of ancient China.
How did people from different parts of the Shang dynasty communicate? PAGE 201
The Shang dynasty communicated by writing because they used the same kind of money. Language varied.
What effect did the Silk Road have on trade? PAGE 241
The Silk Road affected many areas including Rome and other parts of china. Culturally, it helped spread religion. Buddhism spread from India to China.
What action surprised Julius Caesars' killers? PAGE 331
The beginning of a civil war
What happened in Rome because of the lack of ruling power it had? (rulers being overthrown) PAGE 363
The empire of Rome fell
How do we know about the life of Jesus? PAGE 349
The gospels written by Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John
Why was the Great Wall built? PAGE 218
The great wall was built along China's northern border to protect the empire from invaders.
What event occurred in 476 C.E.? PAGE 363
The last emperor in Rome was removed.
How did someone become a member of the council of 500 in Athens? PAGE 261
The names of all citizens were collected and 500 were chosen in a random drawing.
What action caused the Plebeians to become equal to the Patricians? PAGE 320
The right to pass laws for all citizens
What is the Parthenon? PAGE 280 a.Where was it built? b. Why would the Greeks put it there?
The temple honoring the goddess Athena a. On the Acropolis above Athens. b. To honor Athena
Why did Jesus preach mostly outdoors? PAGE 352
There were too many people to fit anywhere else.
When did Paul write letters to Christians? PAGE 357
When he was in jail.
What animals were used on the Silk Road to help transport goods? PAGES 236-239 a. Eastern? b. Western?
a.Eastern: Camels were used in caravans b. Western: Pack animals such as Yaks and donkeys
