Animal Science Tri 1

How does environment influence the design of animal facilities?

An environment that animals are comfortable in will reduce stress and help the animals yield better.

What is a feral animal?

Animal living in the wild that has descended from a domestic animal; may disrupt ecosystems

Why are there dilemmas for producers and consumers concerning the use of animals?

Animal rights groups can help make new laws on the use of animals. Legality comes into play quite a bit.

What is the philosophy of animal welfare?

Animal welfare states that animals should be kept in the best health at all times.

How does the treatment of a production animal affect profitability?

Animals that aren't under stress tend to yield better.

How do arteries and veins connecting with the lungs differ from arteries and veins connecting with other organs?

Arteries and veins going to the lungs are opposite that from the rest of the body.

What are safe and calm practices to use when working with animals?

Be patient and don't yell at them

How do personal beliefs and values affect an individual's perception of animal use?

Beliefs and values dictate what a person can do with animals. For example, Hindus think that cows are sacred so they don't eat them.

What is the path of flow of blood throughout the body?

Blood travels through the right atrium, then right ventricle, then to the lungs, then to the left atrium, then left ventricle, then aorta to rest of body and returns in the vena cava.

Why were breeds developed?

Breeds were developed to help distinguish between certain types of the same animal that had different features.

How can you classify animals?

By physical features

What are the by-products of cellular respiration?

C02 and water

How can I develop my interest of animals into a career?

Careers that deal with animals include: veterinarian, animal nutritionist, farmer, etc.

What is the function of cell organelles and how do they work together?

Cell organelles carry out the processes of the cells. They are all interconnected and perform different tasks to work as a team.

What is cellular respiration?

Cells convert raw materials into energy and C02 and water are by-products

How are tissues formed in the body of an animal?

Cells that are specialized in the same area form together to make tissues.

How do animal cells convert raw nutrients into energy?

Cellular respiration

What is taxonomy?

Classifying of things

What is the difference between a companion animal and a production animal?

Companion animals are pets, and people often will do anything to help them. Production animals are used solely for food, clothing, or other by-products.

What are the different types of tissues in the body of an animal?

Connective, epilethal, muscle

What are the common risk factors to biosecurity on a farm?

Contact with outside animals, dead animals infecting other animals, pathogens coming in through the feed

What is a dissection?

Cutting open an animal to find out why it died or to study it

How does a cell reach equilibrium?

Equilibrium is reached when a cell is in homeostasis.

What is meant by the phrase "this is an issue"?

It means that there is a conflict where two sides disagree on the same issue.

How was binomial nomenclature developed?

It was developed by Carolus Linnaeus and it is a naming system with two parts. Used to identify animals.

Differentiate between animal production, processing, marketing, and regulation.

Production is raising the animal, processing is making animal products into food or clothing, marketing is selling the product, and regulation is the rules used to govern the animal industry.

What are by-products?

Products that are made when the main product is made.

How do respiration rates, pulse, and blood pressure respond to rest and exercise?

Respiration rates, pulse, and blood pressure all increase when exercise amount increases.

How can scale ratio be used in facility design?

Scale ratio can be used to build models or plans to demonstrate how the building will actually look.

What are the different types of tissues in the body of an animal?

Smooth, involuntary,

How can several classification categories be usec on the same object?

Something can belong to a general category and also a more specific category.

What is the difference between systemic and pulmonary circulation?

Systemic circulation is circulation excluding the lungs. Pulmonary circulation is just the lungs.

What is the difference between taming animals and domesticating them?

Taming an animal means taming and individual of that species. Domesticating means that all the animals of that species are now domestic.

What is a flight zone?

That is the area which determines when an animal will run or attack.

What is the proper standard of care for an animal?

The animals should be fed, watered, pens cleaned, and kept healthy.

What organs make up the respiratory system, digestive system, circulatory system, nervous and endocrine system?

The brain, heart, lungs, liver, pancreas, kidneys, small intestine, large intestine

How does keeping accurate records help the success of an agricultural business?

The business can see if it is making money, what it is buying, and what transactions were made when.

Why are animal cells important to understanding animal systems?

The cell is the basic unit and makes up all parts of the animal

How do the respiratory and circulatory systems work together?

The circulatory system pumps blood to the lungs and the lungs put oxygen in the blood and the blood goes to the rest of the heart.

What is osmosis?

The diffusion of water across membranes

What are the industries within animal agriculture?

The industries are the poultry industry, dairy industry, animal husbandry industry, and the factory farming industry.

What determines the size of animal facilities?

The number of animals and how much space they need

What is the phiolosophy of animal rights?

The philosophy of animal rights says that animals are like humans and have specific rights.

What is the largest internal organ in the body of an animal?

The small intestine

How do the nervous, endocrine, and renal systems relate to other systems and reactions within an animal?

These systems help control the body by hormones and impulses.

How do muscle tissues differ based on their location in the body of an animal?

They all have different jobs that help the body move in different ways.

What are pathogens?

They are diseases that can spread easily.

Why are animals domesticated?

They are domesticated so that we can work with them easier and so that they can provide us with meat and clothing.

What risks do pathogens pose to farm animals?

They can spread deadly diseases and kill the animals.

What is the purpose of ligaments?

They connect bones to bones.

What is the purpose of tendons?

They connect muscle to bones.

What roles do hormones released by the endocrine system play in the body?

They control certain bodily functions.

How do animals benefit from domestication?

They don't have to find food, water, shelter, and they usually are cared for very well.

How do multiple organs work together in the body of an animal?

They form organ systems to work together

How have domesticated animal species adapted to human interactions over time?

They have gotten used to humans and they have changed with us.

What are the basic needs of animals?

They need food, water, and shelter.

How do animals contribute to daily life?

They provide us with clothing, food, and are companions.

How do animals respond to differences in their environment?

They react by running or fighting or protecting their young.

How does novelty affect flighty animals?

They will be easily scared by new things and possibly run away.

How does a cell absorb water and nutrients?

Through diffusion, osmosis, and active transport

What are the main functions of the digestive system?

To digest food and absorb nutrients

What are the main functions of the respiratory system?

To replace C02 with Oxygen

What are the main functions of the nervous and endocrine systems?

To tell the body what to do and to produce hormones

What characteristics allow certain animal species to be domesticated?

Type of animal, how docile the animal is

What is diffusion?

When a molecules move to an area of lesser concentration

How are gases exchanged in the lungs?

When someone breathes in the air travels through the bronchi to the bronchioles then to the alveoli and that is where oxygen and C02 are exchanged.

What are the purposes of bone besides physical structure?

Allows muscles to be attached to them.

What are the benefits to humans by domesticating animals?

It is easy access to food, and animals can be companions.

Why do researchers write annotated bibliographies?

It is easy to find what reference the research came from.

What is biosecurity?

It is making sure pathogens don't spread from site to site.

What is respiration?

It is the process of taking in air; or the process in which cells make energy

What is the difference between an artery and a vein?

An artery carries blood away from the heart. A vein carries blood to the heart.

What is an organ?

It is a body of tissue that specializes in a body function.

How do cells contribute to the overall function of an animal?

All the cells have to work together and the form tissues, which form organs, which from organ systems

What is a breed?

A specific type of species.

What is the relationship between external body parts and internal systems?

External body parts are controlled by internal systems

What is the difference between external and internal respiration?

External respiration is breathing. Internal respiration is cellular respiration.

What is the difference between a genus and a species designation?

Genus is more general than species. For example, bovine is the cattle group, but there are different species of cattle such as a Longhorn.

What is the body structure of a vertebrate?

Has a nervous system, muscles, and organs.

What common external parts are found on all livestock species?

Hock, shank, shoulder, face, pastern, fetlock, tail head, etc.

How have human lives changed through the domestication of animals?

Humans have to take care of domestic animals because they can't take care of themselves. Some jobs are devoted to animals.

What is the difference between hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic?

Hypertonic is when the cell has less water than solute and it shrinks. Hypotonic is when the cell has more water than solute and it swells. Isotonic is when the parts are equal.

How can the flight zone of an animal be used to move and handle animals in a low-stress manner?

If a person herding the animals goes on the edge of the flight zone, they will slowly start to move away.

How is conditioning used in animal agriculture?

If an animal is conditioned, then it has more muscle and more product.

Why study animal behavior?

If we know how animals behave then we can predict what they will do and it will help us move them.

How is a dichotomous key used to identify animals?

If you have a certain feature on your animal, you go to the next question. This helps narrow down the possibility of what the animal could be.

Why is it important to keep a notebook and records organized?

If you have an organized record book, you can find past activities easier.

Why are external parts necessary to know?

If you know the external parts of an animal, then you can describe where an injury is located.

what are instinctive and learned behaviors?

Instinctive behaviors are behaviors that animals are born knowing how to do. Learned behaviors are behaviors that are taught to them.

What is the concentration of carbon dioxide in air that is exhaled?

It has a high concentration

What are the benefits of keeping an Agriscience Notebook?

It helps keep all of your materials organized.

What is an annotated bibliography?

It is a bibliography with references to things in the text.

What are the hierarchical levels for taxonomic classification?

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

What non-consumable items are produced from animals?

Leather, wool, candles

What are the areas needed in an animal facility?

Loafing, feeding, watering, and office space/vet space, and storage

How is the media used to promote the pros and cons of these philosophies?

Many groups such as PETA and the Humane Society of the United States make videos promoting their view. Groups that contradict them do the same. Many groups have websites.

What is circulation?

Movement of blood throughout the body

How are animals domesticated?

Over a period of hundreds of years, animals can be domesticated. First, an animal must be tamed. Then, it's offspring must be tamed. This process must continue.

How can biosecurity concerns be reduced at animal facilities?

People that leave and enter the facility must change clothes or shower and dead animals must be quickly removed

What is blood pressure?

Pressure of blood against arteries in the body.

How can producers combat misunderstandings in animal agriculture?

Producers can keep their facilities clean and hire workers that treat the animals well. This will help people see that animal agriculture is a safe part of our society.