ANS (Autonomic Nervous System)
Pre & Post Ganglionic Fibers for Parasympathetic
PAN AM ACh - Nicotinic ACh - Muscarinic
What are the postganglionic receptors and what are their functions? (SNS)
Alpha 1 (BV) - Excite/Contract Alpha 2 (BV) - Relax AND Dilate Beta 1 (<3) - E Beta 2 (Lungs) - RAD Beta 3 (Fat cells) - E
Organs affected by parasympathetic
(craniosacral division) - Decrease: metabolic rate, heart rate, blood pressure - Increase: saliva, digestive - Urination & defecation simulation
What is the PNS also called?
Craniosacral
What is the system of the gastrointestinal tract?
Digestive System
What are the effects of the PNS on target organs and tissues?
eye - constriction of pupil heart - decreased heart rate, force of contraction and blood pressure airways - decreased airway diameter sphincter - opens sphincter bladder - releasing of bladder reproductive - Ejaculation SHOOT
What is the difference between nuclei and ganglia?
nuclei - inside CNS ganglia - in PNS
What segments of the spinal cord are associated with the SNS?
thoracic to lumbar vertebrae
Organs affected by sympathetic
(thora-columbar division) - eyes (dilation), - heart (accelerates), - lungs (relax), - blood vessels - sweat glands, - digestive system, kidney (secretes nore/epinephrine) - penis
What about the adrenal medulla? Is it a part of the SNS or PNS?
- Part of SNS - Secretes hormones in blood stream Epinephrine (adrenaline) Norepinephrene (noradrenaline)
What segments of the spinal cord are associated with the PNS? Are there any other structures?
- Spinal cord segments S2-S4 - Cranial nerves 3,7,9,10
Nitric Oxide as Neurotransmitter
- The sympathetic division release NO as neurotransmitter - occur where neurons innervate smooth muscles in the walls of blood vessels in many regions
What are the effects of the SNS on target organs and tissues?
- eye: dilation of pupil - blood vessels: to skin, dilation and constriction - veins: constriction alpha 1 - heart: increased heart rate, force of contraction and blood pressure - airways: increased airway diameter - sphincter: closes sphincter - bladder: constriction of bladder - reproductive: erection POINT
What are the divisions and functions of the ANS?
PNS - rest and digest ; slows things down SNS - fight or flight ; speeds things up
What is the difference between the pre and postganglionic fibers of the Sympathetic division (SNS) and Parasympathetic division (PNS) of the ANS?
PNS = are long then short SNS = short then long
Neurotransmitters/Receptors: Sympathetic
Receptors: Alpha and Beta NT: ACh, Nore,/epinephrine
Neurotransmitters/Receptors: Parasympathetic
Receptors: Muscarinic and nicotinic NT: ACh
Pre & Post Ganglionic Fibers for Sympathetic
SAN BEAN ACh - Nicotinic Beta- Epinephrine Alpha -Norepinehrine
What is the SNS also called?
Thoracolumbar
