Anthropology Final
The mating of a male who has the allele combination: Tt and a female who has the allele combination: TT for the trait tongue rolling will result in offspring who could be:
TT and Tt
In the material on globalization world systems theory is discussed. One characteristic of a periphery is:
consumer of finished value added products
Small group of related households, occupying a particular region, that come together periodically, but do not yield sovereignty -- one reason for gatherings? Finding mates
band
The branch of anthropology that includes the study of material remains to describe and explain human behavior is:
Archaeology
______________ attempts at adaptation by humans are on an individual basis, short term and reversible
Behavioral
The initial response humans make to environmental stresses are ________________.
Biological Cultural Behavioral Pick Any
Evolution results from survival of the fittest
False Title:evolution produce
If the mother of a child is Japanese and the father is Chinese, who will determine the race of the child? (Use the Race Codes chart to answer this question.
Father
One of the crucial pieces of evidence used in the nature "fixed or changing" debate was
Fossils
There were more and larger _____________ on the left side of the large houses than the right.
Hearths
A zygote with the following allele combination for the trait tongue rolling: RR is:
Homozygous Dominant
Labor as the most important input is characteristic of:
Horticulture
The kind of archaeology that Hayden carried out is known as
Precessual
Another important issue for the Cree was what would happen if _____ was successful in gaining independence from Canada.
Quebec
The Cree live in __________ province.
Quebec
Height is determined by genes and _________.
environment
Plasticity means that _________ has an influence on phenotype
environment
Hayden argued that the population of the site was 1200-1500 based on extrapolations from ______________.
ethnographic data
The process of cell division known as "mitosis" produces
exact copies of the original cell
The example, used in class, of the appropriateness of the clothes worn by male and female dolls was an illustration of culture as:
expectations
The importance of Mendel's work, the discovery of DNA and heredity is in
explaining variation between members of the same species explaining variation between parents and offspring explaining variation in sexually reproducing species all of the above
Humans are no longer evolving.
false
In our bi-lineal society you consider your self related to your mother's brothers and so does your father.
false
The herds of pastoralists mostly consist of:
females and castrated males
Hayden established that the sizes of the large houses had remained relatively constant for a long time by:
finding midden deposits around the houses
Tools associated ONLY with H. sapiens sapiens include
fishhooks, needles
The fact that the better salmon was caught in the middle of the stream which meant that the occupants of the larger houses had access to better __________
fishing platforms
The major differences between a chimpanzee pelvis and a hominid pelvis is that the Hominid pelvis is
flared, shorter
The interdependence between men and women in highland Papua New Guinea subsistence and social organization is based on the mens control over access to one resource, and the womens control over access to ____________.
food
The use of animals for ______________ was the crucial step in the development of full pastoral societies
food hides transportation Pick Any
If you find a fossilized cranium you can determine if the species was bipedal through an examination of the placement of the _______________
foramen magnum
Homo sapiens have big brains and bipedal locomotion which makes them
hominids
The social organization of highland Papua New Guineans is related to what subsistence production problem
labor
The interdependence between men and women in highland Papua New Guinea subsistence and social organization is based on the mens control over access to _____________
land
The recruitment of men into a clan also leads to the need for more _________ and thus lead to conflicts with other clans which undermines the original purpose of recruitment
land
The interdependence between men and women in highland Papua New Guinea subsistence and social organization is also based on women as the primary caretakers of the _______ which are the mens source of wealth and status
land food pigs Pick Any
When people begin to do horticulture and plant with the intention to harvest at some later time, what becomes very important
land tenure
In the material on Cambodian refugees it was explained that resettling refugees in sites with houses all in a row was a way of making them ___________
legible happy wealthy Pick Any
May deal with the description of a language or the history of a language:
linguistic anthropology
In the material on globalization world systems theory is discussed. One characteristic of periphery is:
low skiled, low paid labor high skilled, high paid labor Pick Any
From what you know about genetics you can say that the chart: (Use the Race Codes chart to answer this question.)
makes no biological sense at all
Highland Papua New Guinea social organization is based on clans which has a core group of _________
males
Homo sapiens are furry, homeothermic, and give live birth which makes them
mammals
When a newly married couple settle near the family of the husband
patri-local post marital residence
Pastoral societies are most commonly:
patrilineal
Eye color and hair color are examples of
phenotypes genotypes chromatotypes
Adaptation to environmental stresses by human beings is mostly:
physiological biological behavioral Pick Any
All of the following animals can be found as important animals among pastoralists EXCEPT
pigs
An example of this form of human adaptation is: height and nutritional stress when young
plasticity
The marriage pattern of one woman and more than one man at a time is called
polyandry
The marriage pattern of one man and more than one woman
polygyny
Cultural adaptations operate at the level of the
population
Genetic adaptations operate at the level of the:
population
Homo sapiens have upright posture, grasping hands, stereoscopic vision which makes them:
primates
In the material on globalization world systems theory is discussed. One characteristic of a core is:
producer of raw materials producer of finished products source of migration Pick Any
The source of meat for Homo habilis was very likely from
scavenging
Homo habilis tools are also known as ________ because of the way they were used
scrapers
The process of cell division known as "meiosis" produces:
sex cells
Gametes are
sex cells (sperm or egg)
In archaic homo sapiens large browridges are
similar to H. erectus
In archaic homo sapiens thick cranial walls
similar to H. erectus
In archaic homo sapiens cranial capacity more than 1000 cc
similar to modern H. sapiens
In archaic homo sapiens rounded occipitals
similar to modern H. sapiens
The presence of pine needles and grass seed was indicative of:
sleeping areas
Hunter gatherers live in ________ scale societies
small
In terms of the development of subsistence systems (hunting and gathering to agriculture) pastoralism is
specialization of agruculturalist
One of the the factors leading to increased village life as a result of the the coming of Europeans was _____________.
the fur trade and trading posts
What does the chart infer about the genes of Hawaiians? (Use the Race Codes chart to answer this question.)
they are dominate over other genes
The most important characteristic of an animal species that make it suitable for pastoralists is
they can eat food unsuitable for humans
Skin color is an adaptation to:
ultraviolet radiation
The most important characteristic of the DNA molecule is the ability to:
unzip, or split in half while maintaining the sequence of bases on its own, synthesize proteins combat viruses Pick any answer
Natural Selection is possible because there is:
variation between individuals within a species
If the assimilationist model is correct, then H. neanderthalis and H. sapiens sapiens were:
variations within one species not living at the same time Pick Any
The remains of stone tool making activities, debitage, was found around hearths and between the hearths and _____________.
walls
Slash and burn and ringing trees are methods of ________ used by horticulturalists.
warfare land clearance harvesting Pick Any
A big man in highland Papua New Guinea society was one who attained this status through the production and redistribution of _________
wealth
Characteristics that can be considered part of kinship classification include all of the following EXCEPT:
wealth
The leaching of soil nutrients which leads to soil fertility problems is greatest when
when a rainforest is cleared
Homo habilis butchering sites were:
where Homo habilis brought scavenged animals and butchered and ate them
In the process of making gardens in the highlands of Papua New Guinea, Harvesting is the responsibility of:
women
In the process of making gardens in the highlands of Papua New Guinea, Planting is the responsibility of
women
In the process of making gardens in the highlands of Papua New Guinea, Transfering Sweet Potato Cuttings is the responsibility of
women
In the process of making gardens in the highlands of Papua New Guinea, Weeding is the responsibility of
women
Genes are found in:
zygotes
Marriage in Highland Papua New Guinean society is primarily defined as a relationship between
the husband and wife a man and his fellow clansmen the clan of the husband and the clan of the wife Pick Any
In the example of the refugee resettlement in Cambodia the resettlement sites were used to illustrate:
the increasing legibility imposed by globalization on prostrate populations such as refugees. the persistence of traditional ways of life in response to globalization. the way Cambodians always wanted to live Pick Any
Sedentary but dispersed are patterns of land use that apply to:
the location of villages and gardens C.the location of cities and towns D.the location of houses and villages
If the "multi-regional" hypothesis is correct then
there had to be a lot of gene flow during the transition period
If the replacement hypothesis is correct then:
there should be evidence in meteorites from Mars there should be evidence of conflict between australopithecines and H. sapiens sapiens there should be evidence of conflict between H. neanderthalis and H. sapiens sapiens Title homo erectus
When excavating the large house sites Hayden discovered:
there were very few features to be found within the houses there was a difference between the left and right sides of the houses there was evidence of alien contact Pick Any
______________ attempts at adaptation by humans are on a population basis, longer term, transmitted synchronically to other people and diachronically, across generations and reversible
Cultural
One of the organization that globalists point to as an example of globalization is:
World Trade Organization
Homo Neanderthalis is found in:
Europe and Middle East
There is evidence that Homo habilis buried their dead
False
There is evidence that Homo habilis created cave art.
False
By ________ years ago, all hominids are anatomically modern Homo sapiens.
200,000 100,000 35,000
Archbishop James Usher calculated that the earth was created in _________ using genealogical information from the Bible.
4004 BC
The average cranial capacity of Homo erectus was:
900-1000 cc
Your own biological brother or sister would be what kind of kin
Consanguinal
The earliest Australopithecine was
A. Afarensis
If the replacement or the assimilationist hypothesis is correct then H. sapiens sapiens originated in:
Africa
The most important characteristic distinguishing Australopithecines from other, earlier, primates is:
Bipedal ism
The Cree live in __________
Canada
The idea that natural catastrophes wiped out all the species in one area and led to an inflow of species into that area from neighboring areas and thus led to changes in fossil record was known as:
Catastrophism
He sailed on the Beagle, he stopped in the Galapagos Islands, he observed finches, he wrote books, he formulated the principle of natural selection, who was he?
Darwin
Darwin's Evidence for Evolution included:
Domesticated plants and animals Geographic distribution of life forms Geological record and Paleontological record (fossil record) Embryology: embryological stages of different species resemble each other very closely during early embryonic stages All of the above are correct answers
All creatures that ever lived will leave fossils
False
All individuals of the same species are exactly the same:
False
Americans have lineages.
False
Evolution is directional.
False
Evolution is hierarchical
False
Evolution will produce "better" creatures
False
Hayden also argued that there were inequalities between the large houses and the small houses based on finding the bones of squirrels in the small houses and deer in the large houses
False
Hayden found that the greatest concentration of human bones within the large houses was on the side with smallest hearths.
False
Homo habilis migrated out of Africa
False
In a matrilineal society you could marry the son or daughter of your father's brother is he was married to your mother's sister.
False
Members of the species H. erectus made cave paintings
False
The basis upon which an individual is classified as Hispanic is the same as that by which an individual is classified as Black. (Use the Affirmative Action Information sheet and Definitions to answer this question.)
False
The definitions that are used to determine which category an individual belongs in are entirely consistent. (Use the Affirmative Action Information sheet and Definitions to answer this question.)
False
The main issue Hayden (author of Keatley Creek) was seeking to explore was the relationship between _Horticulturalists and generalized hunter gatherers.
False
The idea that organic forms changed through "effort," that the effort the organism makes in using those parts of its body that are most adaptive under given environmental circumstances and little by little as time goes on, that these changes result in new organs that are passed on through heredity, was developed by: Darwin
Lamarck
A corporate descent group whose members trace their genealogical links to a common ancestor and they can name all the links.
Lineage
The first to come up with a comprehensive system of how species could change their form but not how new species appeared was:
Lyell Count De Duck Lamarck Pick any
If the Mother of a child is Japanese and the father is white, who will determine the race of the child? (Use the Race Codes chart to answer this question.)
Mother
Hayden also argued that there were inequalities between the large houses and the small houses based on finding the bones of pink in the small houses and sockeye salmon in the large houses.
True
Hayden explained the differences in salmon bones by arguing that the people living on one side of the house ate fillet of salmon while the people on the other side ate the backbone of the salmon.
True
Hayden found that the greatest concentration of salmon bones within the large houses was on the side with fewer hearths.
True
Homo habilis ate meat.
True
Hunter gatherers are highly mobile
True
In a matrilineal society you could marry the son or daughter of your father's sister
True
Members of the species H. erectus constructed shelters
True
Members of the species H. erectus controlled fire
True
Social organization is related to religion
True
The differences in the kind of salmon meant that the occupants of the larger houses had access to better salmon.
True
The main issue Hayden (author of Keatley Creek) was seeking to explore was the relationship between complex hunter gatherers and generalized hunter gatherers
True
The pink salmon was caught near the shore and the sockeye salmon was caught in the middle of the stream.
True
Traditionally, before the Europeans came the Cree lived mostly dispersed across the land and only gathered in large numbers seasonall
True
form of subsistence (hunter gathering, horticulturalists,etc) is related to the size of a society
True
form of subsistence is often related to the degree of social stratification egalitarianism in society
True
subsistence is related to social organization
True
One of the organization that globalists point to as an example of globalization is:
UNHCR UNDER UNDIE Pick Any
The idea that forces had been active in the past that are active today, and that the earth formed (mountains, valleys, hills, etc..) as a result of natural forces, i.e. erosion, sedimentation, etc..., operating over long periods of time,
Uniformitarianisn
One of the organization that globalists point to as an example of globalization is:
United Nations
One of the major question that Hayden sought to answer was:
Why there were differencesome in house sizes
Evolution is:
a change in allele frequency
According to World Systems Theory a _______ country is characterized by producing finished products, high skilled high paid labor, destination of migration, high industrialization
a core country
zygote is
a fertilized egg
The mounding and ditching characteristic of Highland Papua New Guinea Horticulture is a response to problems with:
a lack of water and low temperatures. high temperatures and a lack of water. low temperatures and too much water Pick Any
According to World Systems Theory ______ is characterized by producing raw materials, consuming finished products, low skilled, low paid labor, source of migrants
a periphery country
"Getting used to" an environment through a reversible physiological change is an example of what form of human adaptability?
acclimatization
The tools produced by Homo erectus are known as _______ tool
acheulian
The beliefs and meanings ascribed to behaviors that people have as a result of growing up within a culture are examples of culture as:
acquired
The arrangement of the debitage, the needles and the grass seed, and the chemical analysis of the soil all indicated to Hayden that the large houses were not split according to __________,
activity
your mother-in-law or father in-law would be what kind of kin:
affinal
Irrigation is important to:
agriculturalists
Large scale societies are:
agriculturalists
One of the major threats to the Cree's use of land was the province's desire to build _________
airports hydro-electric dams Pick Any
Another crucial factor in the development of pastoralist societies was the use of animals such they were worth more ________ than ________.
alive, dead
The presence of phosphorus, calcium, potassium in greater concentrations in the soil around _______of the hearths indicates that food preparation took place
all
The remains of stone tool making activities, debitage, was found around ___________ of the hearths.
all
The Great Chain of Being: 1600-1700s was the philosophy that:
all morphological forms were fixed and ordered
Homo sapiens have rounded occipitals, high foreheads, chins and flat faces which makes them
anatomically modern
According to highland Papua New Guinean belief, the physical environment was controlled by ___________________.
ancestor spirits
Public display and redistribution of wealth in highland Papua New Guinea society are required for a man to attain the status of ___________________
big man
Homo habilis were:
bipedal
When the man gives gifts to the family of the wife
bride price
A period of time in which the man will go to live with his wife's family and do labor there
bride service
The only people who consider themselves related to the same people in a bi-lineal (have the same kindred) society are:
brothers and sisters
A regional polity in which two or more local groups are organized under a single chief, who is at the head of a ranked hierarchy of people.
chiefdom
The recruitment of men into a clan leads to the need for more _________.
children
A non-corporate descent group with each member claiming descent from a common ancestor without actually knowing the genealogical links to that ancestor.
clan
The greatest difference between Homo erectus and anatomically modern Homo sapiens is found in the
cranium
The recruitment of non-agnates in to a clan is a result of high rates of ______________ among highland New Guinean clans.
crime warfare religious conversion Pick Any
The children of a brother (and his wife) and his sister (and her husband) would be
cross cousin
Highland Papua New Guinea social organization is based on agnatic clans in which the member all also consider themselves to be _________
descendents from a common ancestor
Natural Selection is based on:
differential reproductive success
One of the characteristics of the kind of archeology that Hayden pursuedo in order to reconstruct the way of life of the people who occupied the site was to
document the distribution of artifacts within the site use police k-9 units to find artifacts look for alien landing sites near the site Pick Any
The payment of woman's inheritance at time of marriage either to husband, husbands family or herself
dowry
As a result of being bipedal childbirth in Australopithecines and Homos is _______________ in Chimpanzees.
easier than faster than more difficult than Pick Any
The concept of "race" is a ________________ concept
genetic social molecular (Use the Race Codes chart to answer this question) Pick Any
Recessive alleles are those that exist in the ______ but are not found in the __________.
genotype, phenotype chromotype, phenotype somatotype, genotype
Homo habilis represent the persistence of _________ australopithecine characteristics
gracile
Hayden dug trenches into several house sites. The most important discoveryou that Hayden made was that
he could determine floor deposits from roof deposits
The greatest amount of variation within Australopithecines is found in their:
height weight dentition Pick any
Hayden argued that the population of the site was 1200-1500 based on _________________..
house sizes
Animal traction is important to:
hunter gatherers horticulturalists agriculturalists Pick Any
In the material on Cambodian refugees and globalization it was pointed out that refugees are considered to be:
illegible very happy wealthy Pick Any
The presence of phosphorus, calcium, potassium in greater concentrations in the soil around hearths indicates that food preparation took place _________
in all parts of the house outside of the house Pick Any
Examination of the bones of the feet indicates bipedalism if
in-line first (big) toe
Shallow kinship or shallow genealogies among highland Papua New Guineans allows for
inclusion into the clan of men who are not real agnates
Behavioral adaptations operate at the level of the
individual
Acclimatization affects:
individuals
Exogamy and endogamy refer to:
marrying outside of or within a specified group of people
Highland Papua New Guinea social organization is based on clans which is a core group of _________
men
In the process of making gardens in the highlands of Papua New Guinea, Diging Drainage Ditches (Barrets) and Making Moundsis the responsibility of:
men
In the process of making gardens in the highlands of Papua New Guinea, Slashing and Burning is the responsibility of
men
The most important accomplishment of Homo Erectus from an evolutionary perspective was:
migration out of Africa
The importance of DNA is its role in determining which _________________ get made through DNA - RNA transcription.
minerals ribosomes polypeptide chains or proteins Pick any
In the material on globalization the concept of legibility was discussed in terms of deciding the ___________ line was in the War on Poverty.
misery poverty county Pick Any
The American marriage pattern is:
monogamy
The marriage pattern of one man and one woman is called
monogamy
Hunter gatherers have _______ egalitarian cultures than agriculturalists
more
Homo Habilis was placed in the genus Homo largely because:
of increased cranial capacity
Homo Habilis is associated with what kind of tools:
oldawan
In a tropical rainforest environment most of the nutrients are
on the ground decomposing in the living plants above the ground washed away in streams Pick Any
During the making of gardens, Papua New Guineans use pigs as
pack animals plows entertainment Pick Any
Niezen in Defending the Land discusses several contemporary issues that create tension among the Cree between spending time in the land or in towns. One of these issues is _____________
providing health care
Niezen describes several ways the Cree still use the land, including _______
rehabilitation
All of the following are characteristics of theach robust forms of australopithecines except
sagittal crest large jaws and teeth smooth, rounded occipital Pick Any
The arrangement of hearths and storage pits indicated that the large houses were split by _____________
social inequality
The long fallow periods that are characteristic of horticulture are the result of
soil fertility problems
In the globalization module a hyperglobalist is defined as:
someone who sees integration occuring in the world today as the continuation of a process begun in the 1500s someone who sees the integration occuring today as something fundamentally new and different. Pick Any
In the material on globalization world systems theory is discussed. One characteristic of a core is:
source of remittances artisinal production Pick Any
A centralized political system with the power to coerce, tax, conscript and prevent rebellion.
state
A fossil is
stone
Hayden also argued that corporate groups residing in the same house owned or controlled hunting and gathering territories based on finding different kinds of ___________ for making tools in different houses.
stone
There were more and larger _____________ on the left side of the large houses than the right.
storage pits
The primary acclimatization response of homo sapiens to heat stress is
sweating sooner
Hayden argued that the population size meant that there should be a lot of ____________ among the people who lived in the site.
technological change occupational specialization news reporting Pick Any
Parents choosing spouses for their children indicate:
that kinship counts
A big man in highland Papua New Guinea society also depended on assistance was provided him by _______________, as a result of him performing the correct rituals in just the right way.
the ancestors
The idea of Uniformitarianism was critically important to Darwin because it meant:
the earth was older than 4004 BC
Niezen in Defending the Land discusses several contemporary issues that create tension among the Cree between spending time in the land or in towns. One of these issues is _____________
the need to send children to school
One of the important factors leading to the development of pastoralism is
the under-utilization of good crop-land land by agriculturalists the development of markets the availability of non-arable land that can support animals Pick Any
The "Out of Africa," the "multiregional" and the "assimilation" hypotheses concern the:
transition from erectus to archaic to modern homo sapiens
A group of nominally independent communities occupying a specific region, sharing a common language and culture, which are integrated by some unifying factor.
tribe
Rapid nutrient cycling is characteristic of:
tropical rainforests
