AP 104: Exam 1
All hormones are
chemical messengers
Which of the following is the pancreatic hormone that is released when blood glucose levels rise
insulin
A persons blood type is determined by the
presence or absence of specific antigens on the plasma membrane
Peripheral structures sensitive to the presence of hormones are called
target cells
In addition to Rh, what are the other main surface antigens on red blood cells that determine blood type?
A and B
The posterior pituitary releases 2 hormones:
ADH and oxytocin
______ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of RBCs is reduced
Anemia
What is the name of the pancreatic cells that produce insulin?
Beta cells
Where is the mitral valve found
Between the left atria and left ventricle
What is the name of the orange yellow pigment that the heme in hemoglobin is converted into
Bilirubin
Increases levels of the hormone ______ will lead to decreased levels of calcium ions in the blood
Calcitonin
Which of the following is not a major group of hormones?
Carbohydrate derivatives
What is the primary function of red blood cells
Carry gases
The first heart sound (lubb) in produced as the atrioventricular valves ______ and the semilunar valves ______
Close; open
Phagocytosis is a form of what kind of vesicular transport
Endocytosis
One hormone that is released from the adrenal medulla is
Epinephrine
The formation of red blood cells is called
Erythropoiesis
2 hormones referred to as gonadotropins are
FSH and LH
Cushing's disease is caused by a hypersecretion of what hormones
Glucocorticoids
neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are all
Granulocytes
The primary function of white blood cells is to
Help defend the body against pathogens
The process that occurs after agglutination
Hemolysis
The mechanism in the body which stops bleeding and prevents blood loss is known as
Hemostasis
Where are the hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary made?
Hypothalamus
What cells produce androgens in the testes?
Interstitial cells
What is the name of the cell type that is found in connective tissue proper that has cytoplasm packed with granules filled with histamine and haparin
Mast cells
Which of the following represents the correct sequence of stages in RBC maturation
Myeloid stem cell, proerythroblast, erythroblast, reticulocyte, RBC
The muscle layer of the heart is the
Myocardium
Which organ system produces hormones that directly control the secretions of the pituitary gland?
Nervous system
The hormone that causes the activation of osteoclasts is
Parathyroid hormone
The heart is surrounded by the
Pericardial cavity
What kind of lipid consists of 2 hydrophobic fatty acids and a hydrophilic nonlipid head?
Phospholipids
What is the name of the former element that is critical for initiating the formation of a blood clot
Platelet
What ion is involved in hyperkalemia
Potassium
What is the chief difference between plasma and serum?
Presence/absence of clotting proteins
What is the name for the type of cell that is sensitive to changes in stimuli?
Receptor
Which one of the specialized cells found in blood functions to transport oxygen?
Red blood cells
Which of the following is the correct flow of blood?
SVC, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary semilunar valve, pulmonary trunk
What is the other system of the efferent division that has voluntary control
Somatic nervous system
The amount of blood ejected by a ventricle during a single beat is called the
Stroke volume
What is the name of the cranial nerve that innervates visceral organs in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities with both sensory and motor fibers?
Vagus
What is the function of the cardiovascular system
transports cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes, and gases
Which of the following supplies blood to the muscle tissue of the heart
Coronary arteries
One adrenal hormone that affects glucose metabolism is
Cortisol
What kind of reaction joins together 2 monosaccharides to form a disaccharide such as sucrose?
Dehydration synthesis
Which organ system synthesizes the precursor that leads to the production of the hormone calcitriol?
Integumentary system
Which organ systems provides some protection for endocrine organs
Integumentary, muscular, and skeletal
Each cardiac muscle cell is bound to its neighboring cells at sites called
Interpolated discs