AP AH MC Final
Tamati Waka Nene Gottfried Lindauer. 1890 C.E. Oil on canvas
- Lindauer's main patron was Henry Partridge who commissioned dozens of Maori portraits in the belief the people were dying out and that they and their culture needed to be documented. - This was painted posthumously based off of a photo of the subject. - He is wearing is in traditional dress with a Kiwi feather cloak, earrings of greenstone, a battle club and his facial tattoos, which show his identity and rank. These show that he is of great importance and mana. - If this was commissioned by the family, it would have been displayed above the body at a funeral ceremony and then hung in a home or in a community center to both remember the dead and maintain a connection with a powerful ancestor.
Black-on-black ceramic vessel Maria Martinez and Julian Martinez, Tewa, Puebloan, San Ildefonso Pueblo, New Mexico. c. mid-20th century C.E. Blackware ceramic.
-All the raw materials had to be gathered and processes carefully or the final vessel would not fire properly. The clay was found locally. To make the pottery stronger, it had to be mixed with a temper made from sherds of broken pots that had been pounded into a powder or volcanic ash. -Over the polished slip, the pot was covered with designs painted with an iron-rich solution using either pulverized iron ore or a reduction of wild plants called guaco. It would then be fired -Making ceramics in the Pueblo was considered a communal activity since many of the steps were shared amongst many people. Maria Martinez would create the symmetrical vessels by hand and leave the decorating to others. -Maria and Julian Martinez pioneered a style of applying a matte-black design over polished-black. This design was based on pottery sherds found on an Ancestral Pueblo dig site dating to the twelfth to seventeenth centuries.
Screen with the Siege of Belgrade and hunting scene Circle of the González Family. c. 1697-1701 C.E. Tempera and resin on wood, shell inlay
-Inspired by Japanese folding screens and it is often called a biombo which comes from the Japanese word for folding screen. Early in the 17th century, there's an interest in Japanese objects that are coming to Mexico from the Philippines. Types of objects being traded include folding screens -Shows a chaotic scene between members of the Habsburg Empire, the Spanish empire, and the Turks. The Habsburg's ruled Spain. It's the Battle of Belgrade -This is not only a biombo but also part of the only known surviving biombo enconchado. Enconchado means shell inlay so this is a shell encrusted biombo. It's a combination of oil painting and mother-of-pearl that's been placed into the screen itself. -Each side of the biombo was intended for different audiences. People who were brought into his reception room would see this so it also had a political use of showing his power. -The other side is a hunting scene and also shows a landscape scene. These designs came from a tapestry that was made in France.
Narcissus Garden Yayoi Kusama. Original Installation and performance 1966. Mirror balls
-Kusama taught herself who lives in a private Tokyo mental health facility and is continuing to produce art in various media in her studio nearby - This is made up of 1500 large, mirrored, stainless steel balls placed on a lawn under a sign that said "Your Narcissism for Sale". - They were on sale for $2 which comments on the commercialism and vanity of the art world. - The installation was later moved to water, where the floating balls reflect the natural environment. The balls move with the currents of the water and wind.
School of Athens Raphael. 1509-1511 C.E. Fresco -Represents all the greatest mathematicians, philosophers and scientists from classical antiquity gathered together sharing their ideas and learning from each other. They all lived at different times -Plato and Aristotle are in the center. Plato points up because he believed that the changing world we see around us is just a glimpse of a higher, truer reality that is eternal and unchanging. He is holding his book called the Timaeus. Aristotle holds his hand down because he believed the only reality is the one that we cannot see but one we can experience and see through touch and sight. He is holding a book called Ethics. -Pythagoras is on the lower left. He thought the world operated mathematic laws. These laws related to ideas of music, cosmic harmony, and God. He taught that each planet makes a note as it moves, based on its distance from earth -Ptolemy is located on the lower right with his back turned holds a sphere of the earth. He tried to mathematically explain the movements of the planets. Raphael included himself in this and he is next to Ptolemy.
-Represents all the greatest mathematicians, philosophers and scientists from classical antiquity gathered together sharing their ideas and learning from each other. They all lived at different times -Plato and Aristotle are in the center. Plato points up because he believed that the changing world we see around us is just a glimpse of a higher, truer reality that is eternal and unchanging. He is holding his book called the Timaeus. Aristotle holds his hand down because he believed the only reality is the one that we cannot see but one we can experience and see through touch and sight. He is holding a book called Ethics. -Pythagoras is on the lower left. He thought the world operated mathematic laws. These laws related to ideas of music, cosmic harmony, and God. He taught that each planet makes a note as it moves, based on its distance from earth -Ptolemy is located on the lower right with his back turned holds a sphere of the earth. He tried to mathematically explain the movements of the planets. Raphael included himself in this and he is next to Ptolemy.
The Portuguese Georges Braque. 1911 C.E. Oil on canvas
-Style is Analytical Cubism. Braque worked with Pablo Picasso to develop this style. -The content of analytical cubist paintings, such as The Portuguese, are the sights and sounds of the cafes in the areas where they worked. The Portuguese depicts café musicians, guitars, berets, absinthe glasses, and more. - Braque broke objects into smaller forms which allowed him to change the perspective of the object, showing it from the front, back, inside, and outside simultaneously. - The only realistic elements of The Portuguese are the stenciled letters and numbers. The content of these elements suggest that there is a dance hall poster behind the guitarist, which his very common in a café atmosphere.
Palace of Westminster London, England. Charles Barry and Augustus W. N. Pugin (architects). 1840-1870 C.E. Limestone masonry and glass
-There was a great fire in 1834 and it burned down the old palace that had been here and there was a competition that was held for designs for a new building. The competition stated that the new structure had to be designed either in Gothic or Elizabethan style. It ended up being Gothic and was designed by Pugin and Barry. -This is where the House of Commons and the House of Lords meets. The building represents the Parliamentary system. The building uses a lot of modern innovations in its constructive techniques. The Victorians liked to compare the old medieval world of faith with the new modern quest for money and fortune. -Each window has had its top tracery work that divides the glass up. This maximizes the window space and is a feature of the high Gothic. -Barry's interest in the classical is also apparent. There is a regularity of the façade, a sense of rhythm and balance.
