AP Art History
-painter/master of other forms, such as woodcut in the 1500's (the Later Northern Renaissance -Adam and Eve (woodcut) -Four Horsemen of the apocalypse (engraving) -Self-Portrait (oil on wood) -Four Apostles (oil on wood)
Albrecht Durer
1500's in Italian art
Cinquecento
-depends on order, clarity and light -wide window spaces, limited stained glass, vivid wall paintings -stress on geometric designs -system of ideal proportions learned to an architectural treatise by Roman Vitruvius -Early Christian past was recalled in the use of unvaulted naves with coffered ceilings
Early Italian Renaissance Architecture
-use of linear perspective -shows objects and people in proportion to one another (unlike the International Gothic/Byzantine/Middle Ages style of hierarchical composition) -willingness to explore the pagan past and the nude body increases
Early Italian Renaissance Painting
-An example: Michelozzo's Palazzo Medici-Riccardi -dominating facades that rise three stories from street levels -levels seem to become 'lighter' as the eye travels upwards -heavy cornice caps off the roof (in the style of several Roman temples)
Florentine Palaces in Early Italian Renaissance Architecture
-Psychologically intense portraits -three-quarter turn in portraits -sfumato (used by Leonardo da Vinci, means a soft or hazy modelling) -chiaroscuro (soft transitions between light and dark) -pyramidal compositions
High Renaissance Art
-little negative space, often meant to be seen from one angle -left unpainted -classical ideas from greece and rome dominate -marble is the medium of choice -often figures are depicted as nude, which was considered an ideal form
High Renaissance Sculpture
-atmospheric ambiance -gentle modulation of light -sensuous bodies -also paints religious scenes, but Venetian painters imbue their saints with a more human touch -Arcadian settings: simple rural rustic settings -artists used canvas, because the cold climate of Venice required durability
High Renaissance Venetian Painting
-beginnings of genre and still life paintings -often uses perspective to create an interesting illusion -often discards perspective and creates compositions where the eye wanders about, unlike High Renaissance paintings -deliberately complex -a reaction to the High Renaissance -exaggerated forms, obscure imagery, and symbolic enigmas -meant to puzzle the viewer
Mannerist Painting
-lots of negative space -meant to be viewed from several angles -elongation of figures -often mashed together and crowded
Mannerist sculpture
-fondness for landscapes -synthesis of Italian and Northern Renaissance ideas -after the Reformation, portraits of everyday life are preferred over religious images
Northern Later Renaissance Painting
Dominant patron of the High Renaissance
Pope Julius II
