ap chem ap multiple choice chapter 10

Which of the following is true for a solid with a structure as shown in the diagram below?

It is a molecular solid and consists of polar molecules with dipole-dipole attractions

Which of these statements provides an accurate comparison of the general properties of solids and liquids?

In a solid, particles are slightly closer together, have greater interparticle attractions, and have lower particle motion compared with a liquid

Which of these correctly matches the molecular compound with the most important force between molecules of the same substance?

ammonia; hydrogen bonding

Ionic solids are not able to conduct electricity in a solid phase but are able to conduct electricity when dissolved in water. This can best be explained by the fact that the ions

are in fixed positions in the solid phase, whereas they are free to move in solution

A sample of an unknown material consists of positive ions surrounded by delocalized valence electrons. Which properties are likely for this material?

good conductor of electricity, easily deformed, nonvolatile

A representation of the bonding in solid silver is shown below:

Each silver atom has one valence electron that is free to move throughout the piece of metal, allowing silver to conduct electricity

Which statement correctly describes the changes occurring in the two equations shown below? Equation 1: H2O(s) rightwards arrow H2O(l) Equation 2: 2H2O(l) rightwards arrow2H2(g) + O2(g)

Equation 1 represents a physical change because only intermolecular bonds are broken, whereas Equation 2 represents a chemical change because intramoleuclar bonds are broken

Silicon dioxide, SiO₂, is a covalent network solid with each silicon atom bonded to four oxygen atoms, forming a large network of SiO₂ tetrahedra of great strength. Which of these other compounds would you predict to have similar properties?

GeO2

The boiling points of hydrogen chloride and hydrogen bromide are given in the table below. Based on periodicity and intermolecular forces, which of the other two hydrogen halides would having a boiling point that is higher than HBr?

HI and HF

In which of the following groups are the noble gases arranged correctly in order of increasing boiling point?

He, Ne, Kr, Xe

A 10-lane Olympic sized swimming pool contains 2.5 x 106 kg of water. If the water is at 0ºC, how many kilojoules of energy must be removed to freeze the water in this pool? capital deltaHfus for H2O = 334 J/g

8.4 x 108 kJ

Which best explains why an aluminum can may be crushed without it breaking into pieces?

Aluminum has delocalized valence electrons with nondirectional bonding

An example of an alloy is shown in the diagram below. Compared with the pure metal X, how would you expect the properties of the alloy to vary?

The alloy has a lower malleability and higher density

The physical properties of four unknown pure substances were determined in a laboratory. Based on the information given in the table below, which correctly identifies the type of element or compound?

W = ionic; X = covalent network; Y = molecular; Z = metallic

Which best represents the structure and bonding in solid lithium?

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An unknown solid substance was found to have the following properties: 1. Extremely high melting point 2. Conducts electricity in solid form 3. Breaks apart easily Which of these compounds could be the unknown substance?

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Which of these would best show the structure of solid carbon dioxide (dry ice)?

https://www.proprofs.com/api/ckeditor_images/16b(1).JPG

Based on molecular structure and intermolecular forces, which of these substances would you predict to have the greatest viscosity?

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Doping of Silicon is achieved by the substitution of a different element for some of the silicon atoms. What type of semiconductor is shown below

it is an n type semiconductor because the phosphorus atoms have one more electron than the silicon atoms.

What properties would a compound like the one pictured below be likely to have in its pure, solid form?

low vapor pressure, high melting point, nonconductor of electricity

A correct representation of an ionic solid could be described as having

positive and negative ions in fixed positions in a framework