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AP Chem kira 4

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24. The formula for potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) is (A) K4[Fe(CN)6] (B) K3[Fe(CN)6] (C) K2[Pt(CN)4] (D) K2[Pt(CN)6] (E) KCN

29. Cu(s) + 2 Ag+ ---> Cu2+ + 2 Ag(s) If the equilibrium constant for the reaction above is 3.7 x 1015, which of the following correctly describes the standard voltage, E°, and the standard free energy change, DG°, for this reaction? (A) E° is positive and DG° is negative. (B) E° is negative and DG° is positive. (C) E° and DG° are both positive. (D) E° and DG° are both negative. (E) E° and DG° are both zero

32. The net ionic equation for the reaction between silver carbonate and hydrochloric acid is (A) Ag2CO3(s) + 2 H+ + 2 Cl¯ ---> 2 AgCl(s) + H2O + CO(g) (B) 2 Ag+ + CO32¯ + 2 H+ + 2 Cl¯ ---> 2 AgCl(s) + H2O + CO2(g) (C) CO32¯ + 2 H+ ---> H2O + CO2(g) (D) Ag+ + Cl¯ ---> AgCl(s) (E) Ag2CO3(s) + 2 H+ ---> 2Ag+ + H2CO3

38. The radioactive decay of 6-C-14 to 7-N-14 occurs by the process of (A) beta particle emission (B) alpha particle emission (C) positron emission (D) electron capture (E) neutron capture

40. The geometry of the SO3 molecule is best described as (A) trigonal planar (B) trigonal pyramidal (C) square pyramidal (D) bent (E) tetrahedral

41. Which of the following molecules has the shortest bond length? (A) N2 (B) O2 (C) Cl2 (D) Br2 (E) I2

45. The alkenes are compounds of carbon and hydrogen with the general formula CnH2n. If 0.561 gram of any alkene is burned in excess oxygen, what number of moles of H2O is formed? (A) 0.0400 mole (B) 0.0600 mole (C) 0.0800 mole (D) 0.400 mole (E) 0.800 mole

5. Is used to etch glass chemically (A) Hydrofluoric acid (B) Carbon dioxide (C) Aluminum hydroxide (D) Ammonia (E) Hydrogen peroxide

52. 3 Ag(s) + 4 HNO3 <===> 3 AgNO3 + NO(g) + 2 H2O The reaction of silver metal and dilute nitric acid proceeds according to the equation above. If 0.10 mole of powdered silver is added to 10. milliliters of 6.0-molar nitric acid, the number of moles of NO gas that can be formed is (A) 0.015 mole (B) 0.020 mole (C) 0.030 mole (D) 0.045 mole (E) 0.090 mole

54. Which of the following statements is always true about the phase diagram of any one-component system? (A) The slope of the curve representing equilibrium between the vapor and liquid phases is positive. (B) The slope of the curve representing equilibrium between the liquid and solid phases is negative. (C) The slope of the curve representing equilibrium between the liquid and solid phases is positive. (D) the temperature at the triple point is greater than the normal freezing point. (E) The pressure at the triple point is greater than 1 atmosphere.

58. Which of the following represents the ground state electron configuration for the Mn3+ ion? (Atomic number Mn = 25) (A) 1s2 2s22p6 3s23p63d4 (B) 1s2 2s22p6 3s23p63d5 4s2 (C) 1s2 2s22p6 3s23p63d2 4s2 (D) 1s2 2s22p6 3s23p63d8 4s2 (E) 1s2 2s22p6 3s23p63d3 4s1

78. When the actual gas volume is greater then the volume predicted by the ideal gas law, the explanation lies in the fact that the ideal gas law does NOT include a factor for molecular. (A) volume (B) mass (C) velocity (D) attractions (E) shape

83. NH3(g) + 2 CH4(g) + 5/2 O2(g) <===> H2NCH2COOH(s) + 3 H2O(l) At constant temperature, DeltaH, the change in enthalpy for the reaction above is approximately equal to (A) DeltaE - (11/2)RT (B) DeltaE - (7/2)RT (C) DeltaE + RT (D) DeltaE + (7/2)RT (E) DeltaE (11/2)RT

84. Which of the following aqueous solutions has the highest boiling point? (A) 0.10 M potassium sulfate, K2SO4 (B) 0.10 M hydrochloric acid, HCl (C) 0.10 M ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3 (D) 0.10 M magnesium sulfalte, MgSO4 (E) 0.20 M sucrose, C12H22O11

9. Silicon dioxide, SiO2 (A) A network solid with covalent bonding (B) A molecular solid with zero dipole moment (C) A molecular solid with hydrogen bonding (D) An ionic solid (E) A metallic solid

Assume that you have an "unknown" consisting of an aqueous solution of a salt that contains one of the ions listed above. Which ions must be absent on the basis of each of the following observations of the "unknown"? 11. The solution gives no apparent reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid. (A) CO32¯ (B) Cr2O72¯ (C) NH4+ (D) Ba2+ (E) Al3+

H3AsO4 + 3I¯ + 2 H3O+ ---> H3AsO3 + I3¯ + H2O The oxidation of iodide ions by arsenic acid in acidic aqueous solution occurs according to the stoichiometry shown above. The experimental rate law of the reaction is: Rate = k [H3AsO4] [I¯] [H3O+] 26. According to the rate law for the reaction, an increase in the concentration of hydronium ion has what effect on this reaction? (A) The rate of reaction increases. (B) The rate of reaction decreases. (C) The value of the equilibrium constant increases. (D) The value of the equilibrium constant decreases. (E) Neither the rate nor the value of the equilibrium constant is changed.

*SEE DIAGRAM ON TEST The spontaneous reaction that occurs when the cell above operates is: 2Ag+ + Cd(s) ---> 2 Ag(s) + Cd2+ (A) Voltage increases. (B) Voltage decreases but remains at zero. (C) Voltage becomes zero and remains at zero. (D) No change in voltage occures. (E) Direction of voltage change cannot be predicted without additional information. Which of the above occurs for each of the following circumstances? 14. A 50-milliliter sample of a 2-molar Cd(NO3)2 solution is added to the left beaker.

1. Forms monatomic ions with 2¯ charge in solutions (A) F (B) S (C) Mg (D) Ar (E) Mn

21. When a sample of oxygen gas in a closed container of constant volume is heated until its absolute temperature is doubled, which of the following is also doubled? (A) The density of the gas (B) The pressure of the gas (C) The average velocity of the gas molecules (D) The number of molecules per cm3 (E) The potential energy of the molecules

23. The density of an unknown gas is 4.20 grams per liter at 3.00 atmospheres pressure and 127 °C. What is the molecular weight of this gas? (R = 0.0821 liter-atm / mole-K) (A) 14.6 (B) 46.0 (C) 88.0 (D) 94.1 (E) 138

3. Forms oxides that are common air pollutants and that yield acidic solution in water (A) F (B) S (C) Mg (D) Ar (E) Mn

42. Metallic copper is heated strongly with concentrated sulfuric acid. The products of this reaction are (A) CuSO4(s) and H2(g) only (B) Cu2+, SO2(g), and H2O (C) Cu2+, H2(g), and H2O (D) CuSO4(s), H2(g), and SO2(g) (E) Cu2+, SO3(g), and H2O

46. If 0.060 faraday is passed through an electrolytic cell containing a solution of In3+ ions, the maximum number of moles of In that could be deposited at the cathode is (A) 0.010 mole (B) 0.020 mole (C) 0.030 mole (D) 0.060 mole (E) 0.18 mole

53. Which, if any, of the following species is in the greatest concentration in a 0.100-molar solution of H2SO4 in water? (A) H2SO4 molecules (B) H3O+ ions (C) HSO4¯ ions (D) SO42¯ ions (E) All species are in equilibrium and therefore have the same concentrations.

57. For the reaction A(g) <===> B(g) + C(g), the equilibrium constant, Kp, is 2 x 10¯4 at 25 °C. A mixture of the three gases at 25 °C is placed in a reaction flask and the initial pressures are PA = 2 atmosphere, PB = 0.5 atmosphere, and PC = 1 atmosphere, At the instant of mixing, which of the following is true for the reaction as written? (A) DG < 0 (B) DG > 0 (C) DS = 0 (D) DG° = 0 (E) DG° < 0

67. A student wishes to prepare 2.00 liters of 0.100-molar KIO3 (molecular weight 214). The proper procedure is to weigh out (A) 42.8 grams of KIO3 and add 2.00 kilograms of H2O (B) 42.8 grams of KIO3 and add H2O until the final homogeneous solution has a volume of 2.00 liters (C) 21.4 grams of KIO3 and add H2O until the final homogeneous solution has a volume of 2.00 liters (D) 42.8 grams of KIO3 and add 2.00 liters of H2O (E) 21.4 grams fo KIO3 and add 2.00 liters of H2O

68. A 20.0-milliliter sample of 0.200-molar K2CO3 solution is added to 30.0 milliliters of 0.400-molar Ba(NO3)2 solution. Barium carbonate precipitates. The concentration of barium ion, Ba2+, in solution after reaction is (A) 0.150 M (B) 0.160 M (C) 0.200 M (D) 0.240 M (E) 0.267 M

69. What is the mole fraction of ethanol, C2H5OH, in an aqueous solution in which the ethanol concentration is 4.6 molal? (A) 0.0046 (B) 0.076 (C) 0.083 (D) 0.20 (E) 0.72

76. HgO(s) + 4 I¯ + H2O <===> HgI42¯ + 2 OH¯; DH < 0 Consider the equilibrium above. Which of the following changes will increase the concentration of HgI42¯? (A) Increasing the concentration of OH¯ (B) Adding 6 M HNO3 (C) Increasing the mass of HgO present (D) Increasing the temperature (E) Adding a catalyst

80. For which of the following molecules are resonance structures necessary to describe the bonding satisfactorily? (A) H2S (B) SO2 (C) CO2 (D) OF2 (E) PF3

85. A sample of 9.00 grams of aluminum metal is added to an excess of hydrochloric acid. The volume of hydrogen gas produced at standard temperature and pressure is (A) 22.4 liters (B) 11.2 liters (C) 7.46 liters (D) 5.60 liters (E) 3.74 liters

Assume that you have an "unknown" consisting of an aqueous solution of a salt that contains one of the ions listed above. Which ions must be absent on the basis of each of the following observations of the "unknown"? 10. The solution is colorless (A) CO32¯ (B) Cr2O72¯ (C) NH4+ (D) Ba2+ (E) Al3+

28. 2 A(g) + B(g) <===> 2 C(g) When the concentration of substance B in the reaction above is doubled, all other factors being held constant, it is found that the rate of the reaction remains unchanged. The most probable explanation for this observation is that (A) the order of the reaction with respect to substance B is 1 (B) substance B is not involved in any of the steps in the mechanism of the reaction (C) substance B is not involved in the rate-determining step of the mechanism, but is involved in subsequent steps (D) substance B is probably a catalyst, and as such, its effect on the rate of the reaction does not depend on its concentration (E) the reactant with the smallest coefficient in the balanced equation generally has little or no effecton the rate of the reaction

30. When 84-Po-214 decays, the emission consists consecutively of an alpha particle, then two beta particles, and finally another alpha particle. The resulting stable nucleus is (A) 83-Bi-206 (B) 83-Bi-210 (C) 82-Pb-206 (D) 82-Pb-208 (E) 81-Tl-210

36. CuO(s) + H2(g) <===> Cu(s) + H2O(g); DH = - 2.0 kilojoules When the substances in the equation above are at equilibrium at pressure P and temperature T, the equilibrium can be shifted to favor the products by (A) increasing the pressure by means of a moving piston at constant T (B) increasing the pressure by adding an inert gas such as nitrogen (C) decreasing the temperature (D) allowing some gases to escape at constant P and T (E) adding a catalyst

39. Equal masses of three different ideal gases, X, Y, and Z, are mixed in a sealed rigid container. If the temperature of the system remains constant, which of the following statements about the partial pressure of gas X is correct? (A) It is equal to 1/3 the total pressure (B) It depends on the intermolecular forces of attraction between molecules of X, Y, and Z. (C) It depends on the relative molecular masses of X, Y, and Z. (D) It depends on the average distance traveled between molecular collisions. (E) It can be calculated with knowledge only of the volume of the container.

47. CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) ---> CO2(g) + 2 H2O(l); D = - 889.1 kJ DHf° H2O(l) = - 285.8 kJ / mole DHf° CO2(g) = - 393.3 kJ / mole What is the standard heat of formation of methane, DHf° CH4(g), as calculated from the data above? (A) -210.0 kJ/mole (B) -107.5 kJ/mole (C) -75.8 kJ/mole (D) 75.8 kJ/mole (E) 210.0 kJ/mole

49. Each of the following can act as both a Brönsted acid and a Brönsted base EXCEPT (A) HCO3¯ (B) H2PO4¯ (C) NH4+ (D) H2O (E) HS¯

56. A cube of ice is added to some hot water in a rigid, insulated container, which is then sealed. There is no heat exchange with the surroundings. What has happened to the total energy and the total entropy when the system reaches equilibrium? Energy Entropy (A) Remains constant Remains constant (B) Remains constant Decreases (C) Remains constant Increases (D) Decreases Increases (E) Increases Decreases

7. Has amphoteric properties (A) Hydrofluoric acid (B) Carbon dioxide (C) Aluminum hydroxide (D) Ammonia (E) Hydrogen peroxide

72. A compound is heated to produce a gas whose molecular weight is to be determined. The gas is collected by displacing water in a water-filled flask inverted in a trough of water. Which of the following is necessary to calculate the molecular weight of the gas, but does NOT need to be measured during the experiment? (A) Mass of the compound used in the experiment (B) Temperature of the water in the trough (C) Vapor pressure of the water (D) Barometric pressure (E) Volume of water displaced from the flask

8. Solid ethyl alcohol, C2H5OH (A) A network solid with covalent bonding (B) A molecular solid with zero dipole moment (C) A molecular solid with hydrogen bonding (D) An ionic solid (E) A metallic solid

82. Step 1) N2H2O2 <===> N2HO2¯ + H+ (fast equilibrium) Step 2) N2HO2¯ ---> N2O + OH¯ (slow) Step 3) H+ + OH¯ ---> H2O (fast) Nitramide, N2H2O2, decomposes slowly in aqueous solution. This decomposition is believed to occur according to the reaction mechanism above. The rate law for the decomposition of nitramide that is consistent with this mechanism is given by which of the following? (A) Rate = k [N2H2O2] (B) Rate = k [N2H2O2] [H+] (C) Rate = (k [N2H2O2]) / [H+] (D) Rate = (k [N2H2O2]) / [N2HO2¯] (E) Rate = k [N2H2O2] [OH¯]

Assume that you have an "unknown" consisting of an aqueous solution of a salt that contains one of the ions listed above. Which ions must be absent on the basis of each of the following observations of the "unknown"? 12. No odor can be detected when a sample of the solution is added drop by drop to a warm solution of sodium hydroxide. (A) CO32¯ (B) Cr2O72¯ (C) NH4+ (D) Ba2+ (E) Al3+

*SEE DIAGRAM ON TEST 77. Which of the following compounds exhibits optical isomerism? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

19. Which of the following represents a pair of isotopes? Atomic Number Mass Number (A) I. 6 14 II. 7 14 (B) I. 6 7 II. 14 14 (C) I. 6 14 II. 14 28 (D) I. 7 13 II. 7 14 (E) I. 8 16 II. 16 20

33. The pH of 0.1-molar ammonia is approximately (A) 1 (B) 4 (C) 7 (D) 11 (E) 14

34. ...CrO2¯ + ...OH¯ ---> ... CrO42¯ + ... H2O + ... e¯ When the equation for the half-reaction above is balanced, what is the ratio of the coefficients OH¯ / CrO2¯ ? (A) 1:1 (B) 2:1 (C) 3:1 (D) 4:1 (E) 5:1

35. The addition of an oxidizing agent such as chlorine water to a clear solution of an unknown compound results in the appearance of a brown color. When this solution is shaken with the organic solvent, methylene dichloride, the organic solvent layer turns purple. The unknown compound probably contains (A) K+ (B) Br¯ (C) NO3¯ (D) I¯ (E) Co2+

44. What number of moles of O2 is needed to produce 14.2 grams of P4O10 from P? (Molecular weight P4O10 = 284) (A) 0.0500 mole (B) 0.0625 mole (C) 0.125 mole (D) 0.250 mole (E) 0.500 mole

55. At 20. °C, the vapor pressure of toluene is 22 millimeters of mercury and that of benzene is 75 millimeters of mercury. An ideal solution, equimolar in toluene and benzene, is prepared. At 20. °C, what is the mole fraction of benzene in the vapor in equilibrium with this solution? (A) 0.23 (B) 0.29 (C) 0.50 (D) 0.77 (E) 0.83

59. When 70. milliliter of 3.0-molar Na2CO3 is added to 30. milliliters of 1.0-molar NaHCO3 the resulting concentration of Na+ is (A) 2.0 M (B) 2.4 M (C) 4.0 M (D) 4.5 M (E) 7.0 M

6. Is used extensively for the production of fertilizers (A) Hydrofluoric acid (B) Carbon dioxide (C) Aluminum hydroxide (D) Ammonia (E) Hydrogen peroxide

61. When a solution of potassium dichromate is added to an acidified solution of iron(II) sulfate, the products of the reaction are (A) FeCr2O7(s) and H2O (B) FeCrO4(s) and H2O (C) Fe3+, CrO42¯, and H2O (D) Fe3+, Cr3+, and H2O (E) Fe2(SO4)3(s), Cr3+ and H2O

62. A student pipetted five 25.00-milliliter samples of hydrochloric acid and transferred each sample to an Erlenmeyer flask, diluted it with distilled water, and added a few drops of phenolphthalein to each. Each sample was then titrated with a sodium hydroxide solution to the appearance of the first permanent faint pink color. The following results were obtained. Volumes of NaOH Solution First Sample..................35.22 mL Second Sample..............36.14 mL Third Sample.................36.13 mL Fourth Sample..............36.15 mL Fifth Sample..................36.12 mL Which of the following is the most probable explanation for the variation in the student's results? (A) The burette was not rinsed with NaOH solution. (B) The student misread a 5 for a 6 on the burette when the first sample was titrated. (C) A different amount of water was added to the first sample. (D) The pipette was not rinsed with the HCI solution. (E) The student added too little indicator to the first sample.

63. Acid Acid Dissociation Constant, Ka H3PO4 7 x 10¯3 H2PO4¯ 8 x 10¯8 HPO42¯ 5 x 10¯13 On the basis of the information above, a buffer with a pH = 9 can best be made by using (A) pure NaH2PO4 (B) H3PO4 + H2PO4¯ (C) H2PO4¯ + PO43¯ (D) H2PO4¯ + HPO42¯ (E) HPO42¯ + PO43¯

66. Ca, V, Co, Zn, As Gaseous atoms of which of the elements above are paramagnetic? (A) Ca and As only (B) Zn and As only (C) Ca, V, and Co only (D) V, Co, and As only (E) V, Co, and Zn only

73. A 27.0-gram sample of an unknown hydrocarbon was burned in excess oxygen to form 88.0 grams of carbon dioxide and 27.0 grams of water. What is a possible molecular formula of the hydrocarbon? (A) CH4 (B) C2H2 (C) C4H3 (D) C4H6 (E) C4H10

74. How many moles of NaF must be dissolved in 1.00 liter of a saturated solution of PbF2 at 25 °C to reduce the [Pb2+] to 1 x 10¯6 molar? (Ksp of PbF2 at 25 °C = 4.0 x 10¯8) (A) 0.020 mole (B) 0.040 mole (C) 0.10 mole (D) 0.20 mole (E) 0.40 mole

81. What is the net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs when aqueous copper(II) sulfate is added to excess 6-molar ammonia? (A) Cu2+ + SO42¯ + 2 NH4+ + 2 OH¯ ---> (NH4)2SO4 + Cu(OH)2 (B) Cu2+ + 4 NH3 + 4 H2O --> Cu(OH)42¯ + 4 NH4+ (C) Cu2+ + 2 NH3 + 2 H2O --> Cu(OH)2 + 2 NH4+ (D) Cu2+ + 4 NH3 --> Cu(NH3)42+ (E) Cu2+ + 2 NH3 + H2O --> CuO + 2 NH4+

Assume that you have an "unknown" consisting of an aqueous solution of a salt that contains one of the ions listed above. Which ions must be absent on the basis of each of the following observations of the "unknown"? 13. No precipitate is formed when a dilute solution of H2SO4 is added to a sample of the solution. (A) CO32¯ (B) Cr2O72¯ (C) NH4+ (D) Ba2+ (E) Al3+

2. Forms a compound having the formula KXO4 (A) F (B) S (C) Mg (D) Ar (E) Mn

20. .....Mg(s) + .....NO3¯(aq) +.....H+(aq) --->......Mg2+(aq) + ....NH4+(aq) + ....H2O(l) When the skeleton equation above is balanced and all coefficients reduced to their lowest whole-number terms. what is the coeficient for H+ ? (A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 9 (E) 10

22. 1s2 2s22p6 3s23p3 Atoms of an element, X, have the electronic configuration shown above. The compound most likely formed with magnesium, Mg, is (A) MgX (B) Mg2X (C) MgX2 (D) MgX3 (E) Mg3X2

27. The critical temperature of a substance is the (A) temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the external pressure (B) temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to 760 mm Hg (C) temperature at which the solid, liquid, and vapor phases are all in equilibrium (D) Temperature at which liquid and vapor phases are in equilibrium at I atmosphere (E) lowest temperature above which a substance cnnot be liquified at any applied pressure

31. A 0.1-molar solution of which of the following ions is orange? (A) Fe(H2O)42+ (B) Cu(NH3)42+ (C) Zn(OH)42¯ (D) Zn(NH3)42+ (E) Cr2O72¯

37. The molality of the glucose in a 1.0-molar glucose solution can be obtained by using which of the following? (A) Volume of the solution (B) Temperature of the solution (C) Solubility of glucose in water (D) Degree of dissociation of glucose (E) Density of the solution

4. Is a good oxidizing agent (A) Hydrofluoric acid (B) Carbon dioxide (C) Aluminum hydroxide (D) Ammonia (E) Hydrogen peroxide

43. The elements in which of the following have most nearly the same atomic radius? (A) Be, B, C, N (B) Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe (C) Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba (D) C, P, Se, I (E) Cr, Mn, Fe, Co

48. Which of the following ions is the strongest Lewis acid? (A) Na+ (B) Cl¯ (C) CH3COO¯ (D) Mg2+ (E) Al3+

50. Two flexible containers for gases are at the same temperature and pressure. One holds 0.50 gram of hydrogen and the other holds 8.0 grams of oxygen. Which of the following statements regarding these gas samples is FALSE? (A) The volume of the hydrogen container is the same as the volume of the oxygen container. (B) The number of molecules in the hydrogen container is the same as the number of molecules in the oxygen container. (C) The density of the hydrogen sample is less than that of the oxygen sample. (D) The average kinetic energy of the hydrogen molecules is the same as the average kinetic energy of the oxygen molecules. (E) The average speed of the hydrogen molecules is the same as the average speed of the oxygen molecules.

51. Pi bonding occurs in each of the following species EXCEPT (A) CO2 (B) C2H4 (C) CN¯ (D) C6H6 (E) CH4

60. Which of the following has a zero dipole moment? (A) HCN (B) NH3 (C) SO2 (D) NO2 (E) PF5

64. The net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs during the titration of nitrous aicd with sodium hydroxide is (A) HNO2 + Na+ + OH¯ ---> NaNO2 + H2O (B) HNO2 + NaOH ---> Na+ + NO2¯ + H2O (C) H+ + OH¯ --->H2O (D) HNO2 + H2O ---> NO2¯ + H3O+ (E) HNO2 + OH¯ ---> NO2¯ + H2O

65. Which of the following species CANNOT function as an oxidizing agent? (A) Cr2O72¯ (B) MnO4¯ (C) NO3¯ (D) S (E) I¯

70. One of the outermost electrons in a strontium atom in the ground state can be described by which of the following sets of four quantum numbers? (A) 5, 2, 0, 1/2 (B) 5, 1, 1, 1/2 (C) 5, 1, 0, 1/2 (D) 5, 0, 1, 1/2 (E) 5, 0, 0, 1/2

71. Which of the following reactions does NOT proceed significantly to the right in aqueous solutions? (A) H3O+ + OH¯ ---> 2 H2O (B) HCN + OH¯ ---> H2O + CN¯ (C) Cu(H2O)42+ + 4 NH3 ---> Cu(NH3)42+ + 4H2O (D) H2SO4 + H2O ---> H3O+ + HSO4¯ (E) H2O + HSO4¯ ---> H2SO4 + OH¯

75. If the acid dissociation constant, Ka, for an acid HA is 8 x 10¯4 at 25 °C, what percent of the acid is dissociated in a 0.50-molar solution of HA at 25 °C? (A) 0.08% (B) 0.2% (C) 1% (D) 2% (E) 4%

79. 5 Fe2+ + MnO4¯ + 8 H+ <===> 5 Fe3+ + Mn2+ + 4 H2O In a titration experiment based on the equation above, 25.0 milliliters of an acidified Fe2+ solution requires 14.0 milliliters of standard 0.050-molar MnO4¯ solution to reach the equivalence point. The concentration of Fe2+ in the original soluiton is (A) 0.0010 M (B) 0.0056 M (C) 0.028 M (D) 0.090 M (E) 0.14 M

Hydrogen Halide Normal Boiling Point, °C HF +19 HCl - 85 HBr - 67 HI - 35 The liquefied hydrogen halides have the normal boiling points given above. The relatively high boiling point of HF can be correctly explained by which of the followng? (A) HF gas is more ideal. (B) HF is the strongest acid. (C) HF molecules have a smaller dipole moment. (D) HF is much less soluble in water. (E) HF molecules tend to form hydrogen bonds.

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