AP Env. Chapter 17 Multiple Choice Practice

Which of the following is a true statement regarding farms in the United States? a) The number of farms has decreased, while the size of farms has increased b) The number of farms has increased, while the size of farms has decreased c) Both the number and size of farms has increased d) Both the number and size of farms has decreased e) Both the number and size of farms has remained about the same

a

Which of the following statements is TRUE? a) There is at least one wildlife refuge is each of the 50 states. b) Hunting is not allowed in wildlife refuges. c) The National Wildlife Refuge system has made it a priority to expand the limited ecosystems currently represented d) Wildlife refuges are managed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) e) The primary mission of the National Wildlife Refuge system is to provide public recreation areas for wildlife observation, photography and environmental education.

a

Which organization is a provision of the 1990 Farm Bill which helps landowners protect environmentally important forestlands from development? a) Forest Legacy Program b) Bureau of Land Management c) Environmental Protection Agency d) Department of Environmental Management e) Sierra Club

a

According to the Defenders of Wildlife, the top three most endangered ecosystems in the U.S. include: a) Northwestern grassland, Heartland savanna, and California native grassland b) South Florida landscape, Southern Appalachian spruce-fir forest, and longleaf pine forests and savannas. c) Alaskan tundra, Hawaii's rainforest, and coastal wetlands d) Bogs, Arizona's deserts, and Rocky Mountain evergreen forests e) Freshwater lakes, prairie lands, and volcanic landscapes

b

Forests: a) fix large amounts of oxygen, removing it from the atmosphere. b) promote soil erosion. c) maintain watersheds. d) provide habitat for few animal species. e) release large amounts of carbon monoxide into the atmosphere.

c

The policy of no net loss of wetlands in the U.S. is only partially successful because: I. wetland dynamics are not totally understood. Reconstructed wetlands do not always provide the essential elements necessary to attract the species of the original habitat. I. wetlands developed for the drinking water supply do not have to be replaced. This contributes to overall net loss of wetland . III. There is no routine tracking of compliance to document success. IV. The definition of wetland was broadened by Congress, adding marginal wetlands in addition to swamps and marshes. a) I b) II c) III d) IV e) I and III

e

The removal of all mature trees in an area over an extended period of time is known as: a) clearcutting. b) even-age harvesting. c) selective cutting. d) seed-tree cutting. e) shelterwood cutting.

e

What is the current percentage of land used by humans for agriculture? a) 28% b) 42% c) 55% d) 31% e) 38%

e

Which U.S. government agency manages the federally owned land? a) Bureau of Land Management b) U.S. Fish and Wildlife c) National Park Service d) U.S. Forest Service e) All of these choices are correct

e

Which of the following includes a provision to protect and restore freshwater wetlands? a) Wilderness Act b) Wild and Scenic Rivers Act c) Federal Land Policy and Management Act d) Land and Water Conservation Fund Act e) Food Security Act

e

The controversy involving the decline of white pine trees (source of a major part of the grizzly bears' diet) is based on: a) the popularity of the grizzly bears compared to their destruction of the local forest community. b) the fact that global warming and ozone depletion are responsible for the trees' decline. c) the exotic nature of the fungus that is killing the trees. d) the provision of the Wilderness Act that intentional ecological management will be avoided. e) None of these statements is true

d

The countries of Indonesia and the Philippines have which of the following in common? a) desertification b) drought c) rare cold fronts during winter d) high rates of deforestation e) extensive dry tropical forests

d

Which of the following is NOT one of the top 5 countries with the greatest tree harvests? a) United States b) Canada c) China d) Germany e) Brazil

d

According to recent climate projections, how is Amazonia likely to be affected by deforestation? I. Rainfall will decrease. II. Temperatures will increase due to a negative feedback loop between forest cover, drought, and air temperature. III. Drought frequency could increase forest loss. IV. All of these a) I b) II c) III d) IV e) I and III

e

Habitat corridors are intended to provide: a) further habitat fragmentation. b) increased species richness within forest monocultures. c) a means for controlling insect pests and invasive species. d) increased timber production. e) opportunities for larger animals to establish larger territories.

e

National parks may include: a) significant modern architecture. b) economically significant areas or buildings. c) historic battlefields. d) farm land. e) None of these statements is correct

e

Public rangelands in the United States: a) have been on the decline since the early 1900s. b) are maintained exclusively by fees collected from private livestock operators. c) do not currently support large populations of free-ranging grazers. d) make up approximately 50% of the total land area in the United States. e) can be used for grazing private livestock for a fee if you have a permit.

e

Cities make up what percentage of the world's total land area? a) 5% b) 17% c) 3% d) 12% e) 7%

c

All of the following are benefits of coastal wetlands except: a) providing food. b) acting as nurseries for many marine organisms. c) reducing the impact of ozone depletion. d) protecting coastlines from erosion. e) reducing the damage from hurricanes.

c

Subsistence agriculture: a) has little or no impact on deforestation since it is a small-scale approach. b) is where a family produces just enough food to feed itself. c) is only used by 1 to 2 million farmers today since it is an outdated farming practice. d) does not use the slash-and-burn agriculture method. e) is a typical land use practice in highly developed countries.

b

What is the relationship of overgrazing to desertification? a) Overgrazing is the destruction of vegetation; desertification is the destruction of a desert ecosystem b) Overgrazing results in barren exposed soil; if erosion continues, it contributes to desertification c) Overgrazing is brought about by cattle; desertification is brought about by temperature d) Overgrazing is caused by too fertile rangeland; desertification is caused by too fertile agricultural land e) Overgrazing is a synonym for desertification

b

What prompted the 88th Congress to implement the Wilderness Act of 1964? a) The need to preserve areas of land for future timber harvest b) Concern that human population expansion could drastically reduce the amount of land remaining in pristine condition c) Lobbying by individuals such as John Muir d) The need to make more land accessible to citizens for recreational purposes e) A decrease in land prices, facilitating purchases of large areas by the Federal Government

b

Which of the following statements is true? a) Temperate forests are currently the primary source of the world's industrial wood and wood fiber. b) Temperate forests in the eastern United States are holding steady or even expanding. c) Government protection is responsible for the expansion of virgin stands in the eastern United States. d) Well over sixty percent of U. S. forests are owned and supervised by the government. e) The Forest Legacy Program is a provision of the1990 Farm Bill that helps to further protect public lands.

b

A legal agreement that protects privately owned forests or other property from development for a specified number of years is termed: a) a public range land. b) a sanctuary deed. c) a conservation easement. d) an ecosystem lien. e) a habitat right of way.

c

Which of the following is not a way to slow deforestation? a) replant trees b) allow the land that has been under slash-and-burn agricultural practices to rest for 20 to 100 years c) promote additional slash-and-burn agricultural practices d) harvest trees only at the time they reach harvestable size e) promote land reform changes

c