AP European History - Fall Final (Extended Review)

The primary institution of Dutch overseas imperialism was the

B) Dutch East India Company

Prussia's land owning classes were known as the

B) Junkers

Louis XIV installed his royal court at

B) Versailles

The doctrine of indulgence rests on all of the following principles except

B) belief of salvation by faith alone

Political power in the Dutch republic was

B) controlled by an oligarchy of wealthy merchants

Mercantilist theory postulated

B) imports and exports should be equally balanced

The consolidation of ____in Eastern Europe was accompanied by the rise of estate agriculture

B) serfdom

Prince Henry of Portugal is significant for his

B) support of exploration

the decline of the Dutch economy was caused by

B) the wars of the seventeenth cuntury

The social group that most often resisted the centralizing efforts of the new monarchs

B) was the nobility

The first phase of the Thirty Years' War is known as the _____ phase

Bohemian

All of the following were among the Italian powers that dominated the peninsula except

C) Ferrara

In 1685, _____ was the strongest and most highly centralized state of Europe.

C) France

Alexander Nevsky, prince of _____ was adept at serving the Mongols

C) Moscow

Early public health measures that may have helped reduce death rates in eighteenth-century Europe included all of the following except

C) discovering an effective vaccine against the bubonic plague.

In terms of gender relations, Renaissance humanists argued that

C) men and men alone should act in the public sphere

Thomas More's Utopia placed the blame for society's problem on

C) society itself

Between 1635 and 1659 the French army increased by approximately how many times

C) ten

The guiding forces behind Cardinal Richelieu's domestic policies was

C) the subordination of all groups and institutions to the monarchy

The Ottoman Empire was

C) there was virtually no such things as priate landed property

Wealthy individuals sponsored artists and works of art

C) to glorify themselves and their families

John Calvin's reform movement

C) was throughout integrated into the civil government of Geneva

After the Thirty Years' War, ____ were legally permissible creeds within the Holy Roman Empire

Calvinism, Catholicism and Lutheranism

The Reign of Terror ended

The French Revolution (1793-1794)

The sparks that caused the English Glorious Revolution was the

fear of a Catholic dynasty being established by James II

Immanuel Kant argued for

freedom of the press

The accomplishments of the National Assembly included all of the following except the

introduction of the universal compulsory education

The German Peasants' Revolt of 1525 greatly strengthened the authority of

lay rulers

The Reign of Terror was directed primarily at

those who opposed the revolutionary government

In the Defenestration of Prague agents of the Catholic of Bohemia were

thrown out of a window

The key feature of Newton's system was the law of

universal gravitation

Between 75 and 85 percent of those tried and executed for witchcraft were

women

Rousseau believed that

women should serve as the woman and wife

____'s Candide satirized French society

Voltaire

The Peace of _____ ended the Thirty Year's War

Westphalia

The Chinese emperor sent Admiral ____ on several voyages to the West between 1405 and 1433

Zheng He

Catherine the great of Russia cane to power in 1762 by

a military coup

The Fronde was

a rebellion by aristocrats and others early in the reign of Louis XIV

The Habsburgs emerged from the Thirty Year's War

beat up

According to its editor, the fundamental goal of the Encyclopedia was to

change the general way of thinking

By the end of the American Revolutionary war, Britain was at war with

America

The Declaration of the rights of Man and the Citizen guaranteed all of the following except

economic equalities

Charles II was resorted to the English throne in

1660

______'s Decameron embodied the new secular spirit

A) Boccaccio

Led by Stenka Razin, the ____ revolted in 1670-1671

A) Cossacks

In 1521, Charles V ordered Luther to appear before the

A) Diet of Worms

Which of the following was not one of the outcomes of the peace of Utrecht?

A) It gave the Dutch control over the former Spanish Netherlands

The reformation in England was primarily a result of

A) dynastic and romantic concerns of Henry VIII

According to Dutch humanist Erasmus, the key to reform was

A) education

The primary motivation foe European explorers was

A) material profit

In the fifteenth century, many clerics held more than one benefice, a practice known as

A) pluralism

Italian Humanists stressed the

A) study of classics for what they could reveal about human nature

The Italian balance of power diplomacy

A) was designed to prevent a single Italian state form dominating the peninsula

In general, what was Voltaire's attitude toward government?

All a nation needed was a good monarch

The Baroque style of flourished in the context of the

Catholic Reformation

____ is limitation to government by law

Constitutionalism

Movable type was invented in the West around

D) 1454

At the end of the sixteenth century, the financial capital of the European world was

D) Amsterdam

The ___ system dominated political life at Versailles

D) Patronage

The Index was

D) a catalog of forbidden reading

As a result of the Peace of Augsburg, the people of Germany

D) became either Lutheran of Catholic depending on the preference of their prince

The life-and-death political struggle between the Girondins and the Mountains resulted mainly from

D) personal hatred and jealosy

According to Machiavelli, the sole test of good government was whether it

D) was effective

Before the scientific revolution, Europeans' view of the universe was based on the ideas of

E) Aristotle

Anabaptists generally favored all of the following except

E) abolition of baptism

The population of St. Petersburg was

E) compelled by Peter to reside there

The most enduring legacy of Frederick William I was

E) molding the most militaristic country of modern times

The English political philosopher Thomas Hobbes held that

E) powers of the ruler was absolute but derived from an implicit contract with the governed

The Edict of Nantes was intended to

E) promote temporary religious and civil concord

The English Navigation act of 1651

E) required that English goods be transported on English ships.

At the battle of White Mountain (1620)

E) the Habsburgs crushed a rebellion of the Bohemian noble Estates in defense of Protestant rights

In the fifteenth century, ___ took the lead in all forms of art

Florence

In 1635, Cardinal Richelieu gave official recognition to the

French Academy

The Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre led to

French Revolution

In 1598, _______ issued the Edict of Nantes

Henry IV

The French financial system under Louis XIV had all of the following weaknesses except

Lack of direction in state financial and economic policy the incompetent Colbert

Which absolute monarch was often looked upon as the best example of an absolute monarch in Europe?

Louis XIV

The most famous salon was that of

Madame Geoffrin

According to the Olympe de Gouges , what should be equal in the eyes of the law?

Men and women

____'s plays included Tartuffe and Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme

Moliere

____ was the best and most important of the Baroque painters

Peter Paul Rubens

Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate is best described as a

Puritan, military dictatorship

The two men generally given credit for creating the modern scientific method were Francis Bacon and

Rene Descartes

____ reduced al substances to matter a mind as well as proving his existence by stating "cogito ergo sum"

Rene Descartes

Which of the following subjects experienced a surge in popularity among the reading public in the eighteenth century?

Science

The Tennis Court Oath was

Sworn by the National Assembly

The Ottoman European expansion was halted with a fail siege of

Vienna

The Ottomans divided their subjects into religious communities known as

millets

A striking feature of the salons was that

philosophes, nobles and members of the upper middle class intermingled

The primary purpose of Fontenelle's Conversation on the Plurality of Worlds (1686) was to

popularize the findings of the scientific revolution

Copernicus' theory of the universe

postulated a sun-centered view of the universe

Membership at the salon was

restricted to the well-born, well connected, and exceptionally talented public sphere

The gabelle was a tax on

salt

In his Spirit of the Law, Montesquieu argued for

separation of governmental power

The ___ was to determine the altitude of the sun and other celestial bodies

sextant

Enlightenment thinkers developed the idea that race was similar to

species

Between 1750 and 1789 the majority of French books were produced by publishing companies in

the Netherlands and Switzerland

All of the followings were causes of the scientific revolution except

the active support of the papacy

Empiricism ephasized

the actual observation of phenomena

The concept of reading revolution refers to

the shift of reading out loud text perceived as authoritative to read many different texts rapidly, silently and individuality