AP European History - Fall Final (Extended Review)
The primary institution of Dutch overseas imperialism was the
B) Dutch East India Company
Prussia's land owning classes were known as the
B) Junkers
Louis XIV installed his royal court at
B) Versailles
The doctrine of indulgence rests on all of the following principles except
B) belief of salvation by faith alone
Political power in the Dutch republic was
B) controlled by an oligarchy of wealthy merchants
Mercantilist theory postulated
B) imports and exports should be equally balanced
The consolidation of ____in Eastern Europe was accompanied by the rise of estate agriculture
B) serfdom
Prince Henry of Portugal is significant for his
B) support of exploration
the decline of the Dutch economy was caused by
B) the wars of the seventeenth cuntury
The social group that most often resisted the centralizing efforts of the new monarchs
B) was the nobility
The first phase of the Thirty Years' War is known as the _____ phase
Bohemian
All of the following were among the Italian powers that dominated the peninsula except
C) Ferrara
In 1685, _____ was the strongest and most highly centralized state of Europe.
C) France
Alexander Nevsky, prince of _____ was adept at serving the Mongols
C) Moscow
Early public health measures that may have helped reduce death rates in eighteenth-century Europe included all of the following except
C) discovering an effective vaccine against the bubonic plague.
In terms of gender relations, Renaissance humanists argued that
C) men and men alone should act in the public sphere
Thomas More's Utopia placed the blame for society's problem on
C) society itself
Between 1635 and 1659 the French army increased by approximately how many times
C) ten
The guiding forces behind Cardinal Richelieu's domestic policies was
C) the subordination of all groups and institutions to the monarchy
The Ottoman Empire was
C) there was virtually no such things as priate landed property
Wealthy individuals sponsored artists and works of art
C) to glorify themselves and their families
John Calvin's reform movement
C) was throughout integrated into the civil government of Geneva
After the Thirty Years' War, ____ were legally permissible creeds within the Holy Roman Empire
Calvinism, Catholicism and Lutheranism
The Reign of Terror ended
The French Revolution (1793-1794)
The sparks that caused the English Glorious Revolution was the
fear of a Catholic dynasty being established by James II
Immanuel Kant argued for
freedom of the press
The accomplishments of the National Assembly included all of the following except the
introduction of the universal compulsory education
The German Peasants' Revolt of 1525 greatly strengthened the authority of
lay rulers
The Reign of Terror was directed primarily at
those who opposed the revolutionary government
In the Defenestration of Prague agents of the Catholic of Bohemia were
thrown out of a window
The key feature of Newton's system was the law of
universal gravitation
Between 75 and 85 percent of those tried and executed for witchcraft were
women
Rousseau believed that
women should serve as the woman and wife
____'s Candide satirized French society
Voltaire
The Peace of _____ ended the Thirty Year's War
Westphalia
The Chinese emperor sent Admiral ____ on several voyages to the West between 1405 and 1433
Zheng He
Catherine the great of Russia cane to power in 1762 by
a military coup
The Fronde was
a rebellion by aristocrats and others early in the reign of Louis XIV
The Habsburgs emerged from the Thirty Year's War
beat up
According to its editor, the fundamental goal of the Encyclopedia was to
change the general way of thinking
By the end of the American Revolutionary war, Britain was at war with
America
The Declaration of the rights of Man and the Citizen guaranteed all of the following except
economic equalities
Charles II was resorted to the English throne in
1660
______'s Decameron embodied the new secular spirit
A) Boccaccio
Led by Stenka Razin, the ____ revolted in 1670-1671
A) Cossacks
In 1521, Charles V ordered Luther to appear before the
A) Diet of Worms
Which of the following was not one of the outcomes of the peace of Utrecht?
A) It gave the Dutch control over the former Spanish Netherlands
The reformation in England was primarily a result of
A) dynastic and romantic concerns of Henry VIII
According to Dutch humanist Erasmus, the key to reform was
A) education
The primary motivation foe European explorers was
A) material profit
In the fifteenth century, many clerics held more than one benefice, a practice known as
A) pluralism
Italian Humanists stressed the
A) study of classics for what they could reveal about human nature
The Italian balance of power diplomacy
A) was designed to prevent a single Italian state form dominating the peninsula
In general, what was Voltaire's attitude toward government?
All a nation needed was a good monarch
The Baroque style of flourished in the context of the
Catholic Reformation
____ is limitation to government by law
Constitutionalism
Movable type was invented in the West around
D) 1454
At the end of the sixteenth century, the financial capital of the European world was
D) Amsterdam
The ___ system dominated political life at Versailles
D) Patronage
The Index was
D) a catalog of forbidden reading
As a result of the Peace of Augsburg, the people of Germany
D) became either Lutheran of Catholic depending on the preference of their prince
The life-and-death political struggle between the Girondins and the Mountains resulted mainly from
D) personal hatred and jealosy
According to Machiavelli, the sole test of good government was whether it
D) was effective
Before the scientific revolution, Europeans' view of the universe was based on the ideas of
E) Aristotle
Anabaptists generally favored all of the following except
E) abolition of baptism
The population of St. Petersburg was
E) compelled by Peter to reside there
The most enduring legacy of Frederick William I was
E) molding the most militaristic country of modern times
The English political philosopher Thomas Hobbes held that
E) powers of the ruler was absolute but derived from an implicit contract with the governed
The Edict of Nantes was intended to
E) promote temporary religious and civil concord
The English Navigation act of 1651
E) required that English goods be transported on English ships.
At the battle of White Mountain (1620)
E) the Habsburgs crushed a rebellion of the Bohemian noble Estates in defense of Protestant rights
In the fifteenth century, ___ took the lead in all forms of art
Florence
In 1635, Cardinal Richelieu gave official recognition to the
French Academy
The Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre led to
French Revolution
In 1598, _______ issued the Edict of Nantes
Henry IV
The French financial system under Louis XIV had all of the following weaknesses except
Lack of direction in state financial and economic policy the incompetent Colbert
Which absolute monarch was often looked upon as the best example of an absolute monarch in Europe?
Louis XIV
The most famous salon was that of
Madame Geoffrin
According to the Olympe de Gouges , what should be equal in the eyes of the law?
Men and women
____'s plays included Tartuffe and Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme
Moliere
____ was the best and most important of the Baroque painters
Peter Paul Rubens
Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate is best described as a
Puritan, military dictatorship
The two men generally given credit for creating the modern scientific method were Francis Bacon and
Rene Descartes
____ reduced al substances to matter a mind as well as proving his existence by stating "cogito ergo sum"
Rene Descartes
Which of the following subjects experienced a surge in popularity among the reading public in the eighteenth century?
Science
The Tennis Court Oath was
Sworn by the National Assembly
The Ottoman European expansion was halted with a fail siege of
Vienna
The Ottomans divided their subjects into religious communities known as
millets
A striking feature of the salons was that
philosophes, nobles and members of the upper middle class intermingled
The primary purpose of Fontenelle's Conversation on the Plurality of Worlds (1686) was to
popularize the findings of the scientific revolution
Copernicus' theory of the universe
postulated a sun-centered view of the universe
Membership at the salon was
restricted to the well-born, well connected, and exceptionally talented public sphere
The gabelle was a tax on
salt
In his Spirit of the Law, Montesquieu argued for
separation of governmental power
The ___ was to determine the altitude of the sun and other celestial bodies
sextant
Enlightenment thinkers developed the idea that race was similar to
species
Between 1750 and 1789 the majority of French books were produced by publishing companies in
the Netherlands and Switzerland
All of the followings were causes of the scientific revolution except
the active support of the papacy
Empiricism ephasized
the actual observation of phenomena
The concept of reading revolution refers to
the shift of reading out loud text perceived as authoritative to read many different texts rapidly, silently and individuality