AP GOPO: Test 3 Answers

The president is most likely to use an executive order to make important policy when

A compromise cannot be reached with Congress

A fundamental source of power for the federal bureaucracy lies in its

Ability to set specific guidelines after receiving a general mandate from Congress.

Which of the following statements describes a difficult presidents face in the policy implementation process?

Because of civil service laws, it is not easy for the president to remove professional bureaucrats when they disagreed with the president's agenda.

Congress is most likely to exert oversight of the executive bureaucracy in which of the following ways?

Controlling an executive agency's annual budget.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of changes in the scope of the presidency?

Earlier Presidents: Times of national stability led to a contraction in presidential scope under James Buchanan. Later Presidents: Times of crisis such as during the Great Depression led to the expansion of the president's powers under Franklin D. Roosevelt.

In the case Twining v. New Jersey (1908), the Supreme Court held that the Fifth Amendment's protection again self-incrimination is not applicable to the states. In 1964 the Supreme Court overruled the decision in Malloy v. Hogan (1964) and held that the right was incorporated to the states. This scenario illustrates which of the following?

Ideological changes to the Supreme Court can lead to the overturning of precedent.

Appointments to the federal judiciary are often contentious for which of the following reasons?

Life terms for federal judges mean that presidential appointments will continue to have influence long after the president's term is over.

A new president has been elected and has a number of positions to fill within the federal bureaucracy. Which of the following is an example of filling a position based on political patronage?

Nominating a high-level campaign fundraiser to serve as an ambassador to New Zealand.

All of the following are formal or informal sources of presidential power EXCEPT

Presidential authority to raise revenue.

A major reason why the majority of Supreme Court justices have had political experience prior to appointment to the Court is that

Presidents seek to place individuals on the Court whose policy views are similar to their own.

Which of the following methods is the most certain way to override a Supreme Court decision?

Proposing and ratifying a constitutional amendment that counters the decision

With which statement would supporters of this executive order most likely agree?

The president should make protecting the nation from foreign terrorism a top priority.

All of the following serve as checks on the power of the federal courts EXCEPT

The voters can oust federal judges in national elections.

Which of the following is an action a president can take to rally public support for the administration's legislative agenda?

Use the State of Union Address to pressure Congress to pass a bill lowering income taxes.

In recent presidential administrations, the principal staff for the President has been made up of the

White House Office

Which of the following sections of the United States Constitution is most related to the case Marbury v. Madison (1803)?

Article III

In Marbury v. Madison (1803), the Supreme Court assumed the power to

Decide on the constitutionality of a law or an executive action.

A President attempting to influence Congress to pass a legislative program might employ all of the following strategies EXCEPT

Denying campaign reelection funds to legislators who oppose the President's policy stand.

Since the 1970s, Presidents have made use of executive orders at an increasing rate because executive orders

Do not need to be passed by Congress.

Which type of power did President Trump exert in issuing this executive order?

Informal

Based on the date shown in the table, which of the following statements is true about the electoral college?

It can work against the principles of popular sovereignty when a candidate wins without winning the most votes nationwide.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of judicial activism and judicial restraint?

It is practiced when courts overrule legislative acts or shape policy ---- Is exercised when courts refrain from interfering with policies created by elected bodies

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Court's decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803)?

It overturned part of an act of Congress

All of the following have contributed to an increase in presidential power in the post-1945 era EXCEPT

Legislation granting the President the power to impound funds appropriated by Congress.

Which of the following best describes the message in the cartoon?

One president's appointment was replaced by another president's.

Which of the following statements best summarizes the author's argument?

People are protected from a dangerous president by elections every four years and a process the legislature can undertake.

Which of the following describes President Trump's perspective in the executive order?

People who have already immigrated from the named countries may be untrustworthy.

Which of the following situations is an example of the president using the bully pulpit as a tool for agenda setting?

President Reagan delivering a televised address urging a reduction in federal taxes.

Which of the following is a potential cause of the trend illustrated in the bar graph with the presidents after Truman?

Recent presidents may be trying to control the public information people receive so they have limited press conferences.

Which of the following may the president do to limit the Supreme Court's power?

Refuse to enforce a ruling by the Court

In general, independent regulatory commissions are created primarily for the purpose of

Regulating certain industries to protect the public interest.

Which of the following principles does Hamilton suggest the new federal judiciary will establish?

Stability in the law

The Supreme Court upholds a law passed by Congress as constitutional. The chief justice states in the majority opinion that previous decisions supporting Congress' power to make laws based on the commerce clause of the Constitution were the basis for the decision. Which of the following legal concepts did the chief justice apply in writing the opinion?

Stare decisis

Based on the information in the charts, which of the following conclusions can you draw?

The Court has issued more conservative rulings when it overturns prior Court precedents.

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the process of bureaucratic rule making?

The Department of Veterans Affairs rewrites its regulations regarding compensation and pensions into plain language that is easier for beneficiaries to understand.

The Supreme Court's decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803) relates to the foundational documents in which of the following ways?

The Federalist 78 is about the power and the roles of the federal courts, and in Marbury v. Madison, Madison expands that role by giving the courts the power to determine whether laws or executive actions conflict with the Constitution.

Which of the following is true regarding the impeachment process?

The House can impeach a president and the Senate can remove a president on conviction of bribery or other high crimes and misdemeanors.

Cabinet departments differ from independent regulatory agencies in which of the following ways?

The President can dismiss cabinet officers, but not commissioners of independent regulatory agencies.

All of the following help to explain the President's difficulty in controlling cabinet-level agencies EXCEPT

The President can only fire appointees before they have been confirmed by the Senate.

Based on the results shown in the table, which candidate won the election?

The Republican Party candidate

Which of the following constitutional principles allowed the events shown in the cartoon?

The Senate's advice and consent role.

Which of the following accurately describes the data in these graphs?

The Supreme Court overturns more federal laws each year than it overturns prior Supreme Court Precedents.

Which of the following statements is supported by the data in the chart?

The average number of press conferences per year varies from administration to administration.

A U.S. district judge in Alabama has a dispute in his court in which an employee is suing her employer over improper termination. The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals and the U.S. District Court of Kansas have both ruled on highly similar cases under the same law and sided with the employee. Which of the following is the likely action this federal judge will take?

The judge must rule in the same way because of binding precedent.

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of iron triangles?

The long-term relationship between agencies, congressional committees, and interest groups in specific policy areas.

Which of the following statements is best supported by the line graph?

The number of vetoes has generally decreased since 1945, but so has the number of bills passed by Congress.

Which of the following may the president to to limit the power of Congress?

The president can veto a congressional bill that has passed the House and Senate.

Which of the following statements best summarizes Hamilton's argument?

The proposed federal courts and the Supreme Court will provide national consistency in law.

Which amendment to the Constitution has made some of the argument in the passage above moot?

Twenty-Second Amendment

An advantage that bureaucrats in federal government have over the president in the policymaking process is that bureaucrats

Usually have a continuity of service in the executive branch that the President lacks.