ap human geo chapter 1

4 types of distortion depicting world map

-shape is elongated and squat -distance between two points -relative size of different areas alter direction of one place to another

If the eastern standard time is near 75 degrees west longitude and the gmt is 1pm. What time is it in est

1 hour for each 15 degrees back so 75 divided by 15 equals 5 hours. the est clock must be turned back to 8 am.

Smallest feature on earth's surface that can be detected

1 meter across

what is the most extreme opposition shown toward globalization ( culture and economy)

Al-Qaeda 9-11-2001 against the usa attacked the places that represented globalization of culture, politics and economy

why did Aristotle determine the earth was spherical?

All matter falls together, toward a common center. The earth's shadow on the moon is circular and visible stars travel north to south.

How was the first division of the Earth done?

Aristotles divided into 5 regions torrod-middle belt 2 frigid- at extreme ends of N and S 2 temperate- between bands

Concentration vs. Density

Concentration is if the objects are close together(clustered) or far apart (dispersed) in an area, where density is the frequency something occurs in a space.

find world headquarters, regional headquarters and sales and service.

Denso globalization of the economy transnational corporation

Robinson Projection

Displays information across oceans, which shows the land features smaller than they really are

what are the two comtemporary tools

GIS and remote sensing

Why does mapping software present challenges to geographers

Gis software is used by everyone with a desktop map.

what does the world map of mcdonalds restaurants help geographers understand?

Global scale patterns of investment by major international corporations.

Mercator Projection

Grossly distorted towards the poles, making higher latitude places seem much larger than they actually are

How does GIS create maps using the layers

Many layers are formed ie water, roads , name of places, landforms. GIS takes the desired layers and makes a map creating a much more complex map

what is the principle way for geographers to share data or results ?

Maps

By using API, what can a programmer create?

Mash up maps at a local scale

What are two uninterrupted maps

Mercator and Robinson

What projection would land explorer use?

Mercator since it has little distortion, consistent direction and map rectangular

problems with projections

Meridian (vertical line) does not converge at north or south and parallel lines do not make right angles to perserve land size and shape, the east and west hemispheres are separated ( an interruption)

Do the political boundaries limit the cultural and environmental features?

No, many transcend political boundaries i.e.agricultural resources.

Does a world map help a motorist find a mcdonalds on a highway? what does the motorist need?

No, smaller scale local map

Has local diversity been eliminated by the global forces in the twenty first century?

No, the success of such large companies as Mcdonalds or Ford have been built on individual decisions concerning the local economy and culture

Why were human geographers concerned by the uneven impact destruction and recovery of Katrina through physical and social sciences.

Property worst hit by Katrina was low lying areas, cheap property, poor residence, 80 % African American. Least hit was high lying areas, expensive property, rich residence, only 20% African America. Recovery slow since poor have less: of a voice to get things done, money

What projection would Columbus use to sail for exploration

Robinson since good for displaying across oceans

Relative Location

Situation - Location near other locations

How come cartographers needed the explorers?

To get information from their travels to make more accurate maps. By 17th century, Mercator and Ortelius had created the most accurate outline of the continents and position of the oceans

Absolute Location

Toponym, GPS, Site, Latitude and Longitude

Besides using GIS for mapmaking what else does it offer

Understanding relationships between layers or comparison of layers to help protect or help the Earth

the revival of mapmaking and geography occurred during?

age of exploration and discovery, Ptolemys maps were rediscovered , so Columbus and Magellan and others explorers would sail across the oceans in search of trade routes and resources without wrecking their ships

API

application programming interface which is a language that links database(address list) with software(mapping)

who termed geography

aristotles

How is geography distinguished from other disciplines?

by their reliance on maps to display and analyze information

what physical processes do geographers need to understand as to where people live, how they make a living,

climate, vegetation, soil, landforms

In 1952 most of the baseball teams were in the NE of US. This is

concentration, clustered

When the baseball teams spread out across the us, this is

concentration, dispersed

Monks were important in the spread of Christianity around Europe is an example of what difusion

contagious diffusion

When the major leagues increased their number of baseball teams from 16 ot 30, they were increasing the density or concentration

density

How is a map a communication tool?

depicts human activities or physical features and thinking of reasons for distribution. ie human migration, or spread of disease

What has to deleted by the cartographer as for the scale of the entire world

detail

What is the following maps an example of

distribution density and concentration.

MATCH scale of place to ratio: downtown, state, world-- 1:10,000,000 1;10000 1:100,000,000

downtown-1:10000 state-1:10,000,000 world-1:100,000,000

If you lived in a frigid climate your human efficiency would be low using health conditions, higher death rates and lower standards of living. This is an example of

environment determinism

Where is the hearths for US and Canadas cultural, political, and economic features of today?

europe and middle east Immigrants came to us and canada from primarily these areas originally

examples of mash ups

finding a place to live, prices of houses sold in an area, crime etc

How is remote sensing usually applied

for environmental reasons as mapping vegetation or unpopulated areas

If you are looking at the 2015 election voting pattern on a map of democrats and republicans, what type of regional map are you using?

formal

what type of region does geographers use to explain broad global or national patterns: political voting, religions, levels of economic developement

formal region

what type of restaurants cluster together

franchised restaurants, ie taco bell, mcdonalds, pizza hut

what displays information about economic areas with a region's node may be the service/shop and the edges of the node is the limit for selling area

functional region

what two greek words is "geography based on"

geo-earth and graphy-to write

The scale of the world is "shrinking" not literally but in the ability of people and objects to interact

globalization

how is Earth most accurately represented

globe

Mercator problems

great distortion at poles and high latitude to make them appear huge

what has globalization of the economy caused to occur

greater disparity, than in the past, in the levels of wealth and well being between those in the core and outer edges of the world

what is the place called which an innovation originates from to be diffusion carries things elsewhere

hearth or node

when missionaries attempted to convert kings or tribal leaders in the hopes their people would follow is an example of what difusion

hierarchical diffusion

why are the countries of africa, asia, and latin american that contain 3/4 of the worlds population on the outer edge of globalization ?

hierarchical diffusion of the transnational corporation

if there was a high population with small amount of farmland, what type of physiological density would there be?

high not enough food grown for the high population

difference between historians and geographers

historians study logical sequence of human activities in time geographers study logical arrangement of human activities in space

how would a downtown scale be written

ie one inch to 1/6mile

world map written scale

ie one inch to 1700 miles

Where are most mcdonalds concentrated

in areas where the average income can afford their products.

pattern

is the geometric representation of objects in space. ie. where people move to throughtout a day or live etc

Why is Singapore a significant situation for international trade?

it is situated at the intersection of several straits that serve as major passageways for shipping between China sea and indian ocean. Singapore is near where the singapore rive flows into singapore strait.

Robinson problems

land is much smaller than interrupted maps

how is the information stored in a GIS

layers

If I had few farmers with a lot of farmland, would the agricultural density be high or low

low alot of land for each farmer to grow a lot of crops

how many ways do maps show scale

maps are ususally 1 of 3 ways

In florida to control flooding the kissimmee river was straighened, once opened many gallons of polluted water was released. Now the state wants the river back the way it was originally. This is an example of

not so sensitive environmental modification

Land ordinance of 1785 established townships, and sections which is an example of

pattern-- grid

In dayton ohio, at the end of every work day people leave work to get on the computer train. If heading west, you are on the south side of the street. If heading east, you are on the north side of the street. why is it that most persons of color are heading west and whites are heading east?

patterns of gender and ethnicity vary in space. Pattern that many want to be culturally closer to those similar to themselves.

Basic concepts geographers use to explain why every place is unique

place and region

Using the world map what is one of the most significant elements of the cultural landscape

political boundaries that separate nearly seven billion people

If you lived in a frigid climate you would hunt for meat to last you the winter and grow only crops that had short growing seasons since your summer is short. This is an example of

possibilism physical environment may limit s some human actions but people have the ability to adjust to their environment

mash up maps

practice of overlaying data from one source on top of one of the mapping services(ie google) to come up with a mix of both. ie. locate businesses near a particular street in a particular city

If someone migrated west and wanted to buy land, what would he buy and size

quarter section .5 miles x 5 miles or 160 acres

Remote sensing uses satellites

record the image of a tiny area called picture elements or pixel

How do projection maps benefit

relative land mass are same as reality minimized distortion except for Greenland and Australia

During colonial era, hundreds of thousands of Indians were transported to other countries including Africa, Carribean and South America, spreading Hinduism far beyond it's orginial core is an example of what difusion

relocation diffusion

The migration of Christianity with European settlers who came to America is an example of what difusion

relocation diffusion

fraction, ratio, written statement refer to

scale

The division of land was made in

sections- one square mile and was divided into quarter sections. Quarter sections were labeled NW NE SW SE

If various GIS layers showed a relationship between layersof high cancer levels and low levels , high and low income, and ethnic groups with factories and mountain locations would aid the geographers to

see if significant or coincidental

the netherlands has considerably altered the site of their country using podlers(land created by draining water away) and ditches/dikes since most of the country is below sea level. This country is an example of

sensitive environmental modification

When does a cartographer use great detail

small portion of the Earth map

political boundaries are only one of the patterns studied. Cultural and environmental features are studied. What features do these include?

social customs, agricultural patterns, use of resources

If you live in a small town you can get anywhere since transportation systems have formed networks that connect places to one another. This is an example of

space time compression

In 1492 it took Colombus 37 days to sail across the Atlantic. In 1962 John Glenn orbited space and crossed the atlantic in 45 minutes. This is an example of

space-time compression

what is the saying geographers use now for the concern with environmental qualtiy

think and act both global and local. i.e.Do things globally and locally to stop pollution.

Why do we still geographers

to explain significance of the maps being created

36 square miles made up

township of 36 sections

mcdonalds started in united states: what type of company is it and how has it gotten around the world

transcontinental corporation diffusion

globalization of the economy has been led primarily by

transnational corporations that operates factories and sells products around the world not just where is has its headquarters. ie. Apple

If you move eastward how do you have to move the clock

turn your clock ahead from gmt an hour for every 15degrees past prime meridian

if you move westward how do you have to move the clock

turn your clock back from gmt an hour for every 15 degrees falling behind the prime meridian.

a perceptual region that you create a mental map. Example would be the south with certain enviromental, cultural, and economic.

vernacular regional map of the south.