A/P II Exam 2
An acute allergic response can lead to....
Anaphylactic shock
Why do emotions such as anger and fear slow digestion?
Because they stimulate the sympathetic nerves that supply the GI tract
Which of the following is the principle bile pigment?
Bilirubin
The gas law that describes the pressure changes that occur during pulmonary ventilation is ....
Boyle's Law
What causes lymph from the small intestines to appear white?
Carbohydrates
When blood pH drops, the amount of oxyhemoglobin _____ and the oxygen delivery to the tissue cells ______
Decreases Increases
Which structure prevents food or water from entering the trachea?
Epiglottis
Which of the following intensifies the effect of interferons and promotes the rate of repair?
Fever
Which of the following is NOT a factor that the rate of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange depends on?
Force of contraction of the diaphragm
Which portion of the peritoneum drapes over the transverse colon and coils of the small intestine?
Greater omentum
_____ cells display CD4 proteins on their cell surface and interact with MHC Class II antigens.
Helper T
Which cells of the immune system are the primary targets for HIV virus?
Helper T cells
Which digestive aid, produced by the stomach, begins digestion by denaturing proteins?
Hydrochloric acid
Which of the following antibodies is mainly found in sweat, tears, breast milk and GI secretions?
IgA
Which structure regulates the flow of material into the colon?
Ileocecal sphincter
Where is the rhythmicity center for respiration?
In the medulla
Exhalation begins when......
Inspiratory muscles relax
The _____ produces a fluid that functions to emulsify dietary fats.
Liver
Which of the following processes is the function of the smooth muscle layer of the digestive system?
Mixing and propulsion
This plexus is located between the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers of the mascularis:
Myenteric plexus
Which of the following cells is part o the body's second line of defense?
Natural Killer cells
Which of the following processes is the primary function of the villi of the small intestine? *****
None of these choices
Which of the following indicates the direction of diffusion of gases at the alveoli of the lungs?
Oxygen into the blood, Carbon Dioxide out of blood
Which of the following is not considered an organ of the immune system?
Pancreas
Which major duct carries a fluid rich in bicarbonate ions?
Pancreatic duct
Which structure of the stomach allows greater distention for food storage?
Rugae
To become activated, which of the following requires being bound to a foreign antigen AND simultaneous costimulation?
T cell
The left subclavian vein receives lymph from
Thoracic duct
Which of the following is NOT part of the upper respiratory system?
Trachea
Which of the following are cells of the alveoli that produce surfactant?
Type II alveolar cells
With which body system does the respiratory system work to regulate the Ph of body fluids?
Urinary
Natural exposure to an infectious agent leads to....
active immunity
Glycogen and starches are broken down by....
amylase
Which of the following induces the production of a specific antibody?
antigen
An into-microbial substance that promotes cytolysis, phagocytosis, and inflammation is _______
complement proteins
An anti-microbial substance hat reduces viral replication (in uninfected cells) is ______
interferons
This pancreatic enzyme digests lipids.
lipase
The enzyme that produces only glucose as a product is ______
maltase
The ____ cells secrete hydrochloric acid.
parietal