A/P II Exam 2

An acute allergic response can lead to....

Anaphylactic shock

Why do emotions such as anger and fear slow digestion?

Because they stimulate the sympathetic nerves that supply the GI tract

Which of the following is the principle bile pigment?

Bilirubin

The gas law that describes the pressure changes that occur during pulmonary ventilation is ....

Boyle's Law

What causes lymph from the small intestines to appear white?

Carbohydrates

When blood pH drops, the amount of oxyhemoglobin _____ and the oxygen delivery to the tissue cells ______

Decreases Increases

Which structure prevents food or water from entering the trachea?

Epiglottis

Which of the following intensifies the effect of interferons and promotes the rate of repair?

Fever

Which of the following is NOT a factor that the rate of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange depends on?

Force of contraction of the diaphragm

Which portion of the peritoneum drapes over the transverse colon and coils of the small intestine?

Greater omentum

_____ cells display CD4 proteins on their cell surface and interact with MHC Class II antigens.

Helper T

Which cells of the immune system are the primary targets for HIV virus?

Helper T cells

Which digestive aid, produced by the stomach, begins digestion by denaturing proteins?

Hydrochloric acid

Which of the following antibodies is mainly found in sweat, tears, breast milk and GI secretions?

IgA

Which structure regulates the flow of material into the colon?

Ileocecal sphincter

Where is the rhythmicity center for respiration?

In the medulla

Exhalation begins when......

Inspiratory muscles relax

The _____ produces a fluid that functions to emulsify dietary fats.

Liver

Which of the following processes is the function of the smooth muscle layer of the digestive system?

Mixing and propulsion

This plexus is located between the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers of the mascularis:

Myenteric plexus

Which of the following cells is part o the body's second line of defense?

Natural Killer cells

Which of the following processes is the primary function of the villi of the small intestine? *****

None of these choices

Which of the following indicates the direction of diffusion of gases at the alveoli of the lungs?

Oxygen into the blood, Carbon Dioxide out of blood

Which of the following is not considered an organ of the immune system?

Pancreas

Which major duct carries a fluid rich in bicarbonate ions?

Pancreatic duct

Which structure of the stomach allows greater distention for food storage?

Rugae

To become activated, which of the following requires being bound to a foreign antigen AND simultaneous costimulation?

T cell

The left subclavian vein receives lymph from

Thoracic duct

Which of the following is NOT part of the upper respiratory system?

Trachea

Which of the following are cells of the alveoli that produce surfactant?

Type II alveolar cells

With which body system does the respiratory system work to regulate the Ph of body fluids?

Urinary

Natural exposure to an infectious agent leads to....

active immunity

Glycogen and starches are broken down by....

amylase

Which of the following induces the production of a specific antibody?

antigen

An into-microbial substance that promotes cytolysis, phagocytosis, and inflammation is _______

complement proteins

An anti-microbial substance hat reduces viral replication (in uninfected cells) is ______

interferons

This pancreatic enzyme digests lipids.

lipase

The enzyme that produces only glucose as a product is ______

maltase

The ____ cells secrete hydrochloric acid.

parietal