AP Psych: Module 10

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Pancreas

regulates the level of sugar in blood

Adrenal glands

release epinephrine and norepinephrine (adrenaline and noradrenaline) inner part helps trigger the "fight or flight" response

Oxytocin

released by pituitary gland; enables contractions associated with birthing, milk flow during nursing, and orgasm. Also promotes pair bonding, group cohesion, and social trust

Cortisol

a stressful event triggers your hypothalamus to instruct pituitary to release a hormone that causes adrenal glands to flood your body wit cortisol- a stress hormone that increases blood sugar.

information travels in the nervous system through three types of neurons

Sensory neurons- messages from body's tissues and sensory receptors to brain and spinal cord Motor neurons- msgs from CNS to body's muscles and glands Interneurons: between sensory input and motor output, info is processed ia interneurons of brain and spinal cord

Two components of peripheral nervous system

Somatic nervous system Autonomic nervous system

two subdivisions of autonomic nervous system

Sympathetic nervous system Parasympathetic nervous system

Thyroid gland

affects metabolism

Sympathetic nervous system

arouses and mobilizes energy; "fight or flight" pupils dilate,, accelerate heartbeat, raise BP, slow digestion, raise blood sugar, stimulates glucose release by liver, stimulates epinephrine and norepinephrine secretion relaxes bladder, stimulates ejaculation. cool with perspiration, alert and ready for action

Reflexes

automatic responses to stimuli

Hypothalamus

brain region controlling the pituitary gland

hormones

chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands; travel through bloodstream and affect other tissues

Parasympathetic nervous system

conserving energy; "rest and digest" contracts pupils, slows heartbeat, stimulates digestion, stimulates gallbladder, contracts bladder, allows blood flow to sex organs

Autonomic nervous system

controls our glands and our internal organ muscles like glandular activity, heartbeat, and digestion

Somatic nervous system

enables voluntary control of our skeletal muscles aka skeletal nervous system

Parathyroids

help regulate calcium level in blood

sympathetic and parasympathetic work together to keep us is ________

homeostasis- a steady internal state.

Pituitary gland

pea-sized structure located in core of brain. secretes many different hormones, some of which affect other glands

Two systems of the nervous system

peripheral nervous system Central Nervous System

Why is the pituitary gland called the 'master gland'

responding to signals from the hypothalamus, the pituitary releases hormones that trigger other endocrine glands to secrete hormones, which in turn influence brain and behavior

Ovary

secretes female sex hormones

Testis

secretes male sex hormones

Peripheral nervous system

sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body

Nervous system

the body's electrochemical communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous system takes in info from world and body's tissues, makes decisions, send back info to body's tissues

Endocrine system

the body's slow chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream

Central Nervous system

the brain and spinal cord


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