AP Psych: Module 10
Pancreas
regulates the level of sugar in blood
Adrenal glands
release epinephrine and norepinephrine (adrenaline and noradrenaline) inner part helps trigger the "fight or flight" response
Oxytocin
released by pituitary gland; enables contractions associated with birthing, milk flow during nursing, and orgasm. Also promotes pair bonding, group cohesion, and social trust
Cortisol
a stressful event triggers your hypothalamus to instruct pituitary to release a hormone that causes adrenal glands to flood your body wit cortisol- a stress hormone that increases blood sugar.
information travels in the nervous system through three types of neurons
Sensory neurons- messages from body's tissues and sensory receptors to brain and spinal cord Motor neurons- msgs from CNS to body's muscles and glands Interneurons: between sensory input and motor output, info is processed ia interneurons of brain and spinal cord
Two components of peripheral nervous system
Somatic nervous system Autonomic nervous system
two subdivisions of autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system Parasympathetic nervous system
Thyroid gland
affects metabolism
Sympathetic nervous system
arouses and mobilizes energy; "fight or flight" pupils dilate,, accelerate heartbeat, raise BP, slow digestion, raise blood sugar, stimulates glucose release by liver, stimulates epinephrine and norepinephrine secretion relaxes bladder, stimulates ejaculation. cool with perspiration, alert and ready for action
Reflexes
automatic responses to stimuli
Hypothalamus
brain region controlling the pituitary gland
hormones
chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands; travel through bloodstream and affect other tissues
Parasympathetic nervous system
conserving energy; "rest and digest" contracts pupils, slows heartbeat, stimulates digestion, stimulates gallbladder, contracts bladder, allows blood flow to sex organs
Autonomic nervous system
controls our glands and our internal organ muscles like glandular activity, heartbeat, and digestion
Somatic nervous system
enables voluntary control of our skeletal muscles aka skeletal nervous system
Parathyroids
help regulate calcium level in blood
sympathetic and parasympathetic work together to keep us is ________
homeostasis- a steady internal state.
Pituitary gland
pea-sized structure located in core of brain. secretes many different hormones, some of which affect other glands
Two systems of the nervous system
peripheral nervous system Central Nervous System
Why is the pituitary gland called the 'master gland'
responding to signals from the hypothalamus, the pituitary releases hormones that trigger other endocrine glands to secrete hormones, which in turn influence brain and behavior
Ovary
secretes female sex hormones
Testis
secretes male sex hormones
Peripheral nervous system
sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body
Nervous system
the body's electrochemical communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous system takes in info from world and body's tissues, makes decisions, send back info to body's tissues
Endocrine system
the body's slow chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
Central Nervous system
the brain and spinal cord
