AP PSYCH QUIZ

The fact that imprinting is most certain to occur if the opportunity for imprinting is presented to the organism at a very specific age indicates the existence of

a critical period

Amanda experienced discomfort in class. She put on a sweater when she realized her discomfort was caused by the cold. Her behavior was motivated by

a drive

Gender differences have most often been found in which of the following

aggression

which of the following are the stages in Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome

alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Research on the development of personality traits across the life span has revealed that

an individuals personality traits tend to be relatively stable during middle adulthood

A complex pattern of organized, unlearned behavior that is species-specific is called

an instinct

Judy believes that her fate is determined by her own actions. Judy's belief best illustrates

an internal locus of control

Which of the following is the best example of a homeostatic process?

Cathy drinks a large amount of water to reduce thirst after a long race

After school, George and his friends complain of intense hunger. They go to George's home and immediately open his refrigerator to look for a snack. Which of the following is a theory of motivation that best explains their behavior?

Drive Reduction

Modern research on Jean Piaget's stages of cognitive development indicates

Piaget underestimated children abilities

Laura is in transition from Erik Erikson's industry versus inferiority stage into the identity versus role confusion stage. Which of the following is most likely what Laura is experiencing?

She is less interested in accomplishing things and more interested in defining himself

which of the following theoretical perspectives supports the claim that an outgoing personality is a result of reinforcement

behavioral

Andy is softhearted, good-natured, trusting, helpful, forgiving, gullible, and straightforward. Based on these characteristics, he is most likely to score high on which of the Big Five trait measures?

conscientiousness

The results of Harry Harlow's experiments with infant monkeys and surrogate mothers show that

contact comfort was the primary basis of attachment for the infant monkeys

Benjamin is five years old. While his mother is making his lunch, he explains to her that he is very hungry and would like a lot to eat. His mother cuts his sandwich into four pieces, and he is very pleased. Benjamin's pleasure at having four small pieces instead of one large piece is due to the fact that he lacks

conversation

Incentive theories of motivation explain the desire of people to achieve goals in terms of

external stimuli that have the capacity to affect behavior

preschoolers often have trouble buttoning shirts due to less-developed

fine motor skills

Hypothetical and deductive thinking are characteristics of which of Jean Piagets stages of cognitive development?

formal operations

Carla tutors other students because she likes to be helpful, whereas Jane tutors classmates strictly for pay. Their behaviors demonstrate the difference between

intrinsic and extrinsic motivation

According to the five-factor of personality, which of the following is true?

most personality traits can be derived from the five major traits of the theory

According to Jean Piaget, children cease to exhibit egocentrism during which of the following stages

preoperational

Primary sex characteristics include which of the following

presence of ovaries

Carol Gilligan, in her criticism of Lawrence Kohlberg, proposed that the moral reasoning of males is primality based on

rational abstract principles, whereas the moral reasoning of females is based on relationships and the social context

Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome is an attempt to explain

reactions to stress

Individuals who exhibit a strong moral sense, accept themselves as they are deeply democratic in nature, and are willing to act independently of social and cultural pressures would be described by Abraham Maslow as

self-actualized

Georgi believes she is capable of playing extremely well in the volleyball game scheduled for tonight. Albert Bandura would most likely say that Georgi's expectations for this task reveal that she is exhibiting high

self-efficacy

Mary Ainsworth's research indicates that a toddler with a secure attachment style is most likely to do which of the following when left with a caregiver, such as a babysitter, for the first time?

show distress when left, calm down and play, and run to the mother when she returns

according to Sigmund Freud, the personality structure that reflects moral values is called the

superego

in Freudian theory which of the following components of personality most resembles a conscience or censor

superego

recent research on jean Piagets cognitive stage theory of development indicates that

the ages of onset for many cognitive milestones occurs earlier than originally established

drive reduction as a motivation concept is best exemplified by which of the following

the injection of heroin by an addict to avoid withdrawal symptoms

Carol Gilligan's criticism of Lawrence Kohlberg's development theory is based on the argument that Kohlberg's

theory fails to account sufficiently for differences between males and females