Ap Psychology Unit 1 Review
Which of the following questions is best investigated by means of a survey?
Are people more likely to vote Republican or Democrat in the next election?
A modern approach to psychology that considers the impact of one's culture, society, and family on how they think and interact with the world
Sociocultural
Which of the following is a potential problem with case studies?
The information learned may not apply to the wider population.
The relief of pain following the ingestion of an inert substance that is presumed to have medical benefits illustrates:
placebo effect
A study finds a STRONG NEGATIVE CORRELATION between the amount of junk food a child consumes and the number of absences the child has from school. Which of the following values could express that correlation?
-0.75
Mr. & Mrs. Fonoti have six children aged 5, 6, 6, 7, 8, and 16. The MEAN age of the Fonoti children is
8
Case Study:
A descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles.
Confounding Variable:
A factor other than the factor being studied that might influence a study's results.
Why are operational definitions necessary when reporting research findings?
An operational definition allows others to replicate the study.
Which psychological perspective focuses on the scientific study of observable behavior and the environmental causes of that behavior.
Behaviorism
A modern approach to psychology that explains that behaviors and mental processes are influenced by biological (brain and nervous system), psychological (behavioral and cognitive), and social (cultural) influences
Biopsychosocial perspective
An individual with the very rare Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory is identified. For any given date, she is capable of recalling major events, the weather, and what she did that day. What research method is being used if a psychologist conducts an in-depth investigation of this individual using questionnaires, brain scans, and memory tests?
Case study
In psychological research, which of the following is most appropriate for identifying a relationship between two variables?
Correlational study
A subfield of psychology primarily focused on changes throughout the lifespan? (Womb to Tomb)
Development psychology
Which method should a psychology researcher use if she is interested in testing whether a specific reward in a classroom situation causes students to behave better?
Experiment
A modern approach to psychology proposed by Carl Rogers, focusing on the good and growth potential in all individuals. This approach highlights the importance of free will, unconditional positive regard, and self-esteem.
Humanistic perspective
Which of the following subfields of psychology studies the relationship between people and their working environment
Industrial-Organizational Psychology
Which of the following is NOT an ethical principle regarding experimental research on humans?
Participants should always be informed of the hypothesis of the study before they agree to participate.
The notion that human behavior is greatly influenced by unconscious thoughts and desires is most consistent with which of the following psychological approaches?
Psychodynamic
Replication:
Repeating the essence of a research study, usually with different participants in different situations, to see whether the basic finding can be reproduced.
Which of the following represents naturalistic observation?
Researchers observe students' seating patterns in the cafeteria.
A journalism student is writing an article about her school's new cell-phone policy, and she'd like to interview a random sample of students. Which of the following is the best example of a RANDOM SAMPLE?
The writer pulls the names of five students from a hat that contains all students' names. She interviews the five selected students.
There is a NEGATIVE CORRELATION between TV watching and grades. What can we conclude from this research finding?
We can conclude that a student who watches a lot of TV is likely to have lower grades.
Who is the considered to be the "father of psychology" for establishing the first psychology laboratory?
Wilhelm Wundt
When subjects in the experimental group put a puzzle piece in the wrong place, the experimenter unconsciously winced. The experimenter did not wince when subjects in the control group put a piece in the wrong place. Q. The wincing of the experimenter must be eliminated because it is....
a confounding variable.
A research group conducted a study investigating the connection between self-reported number of hours slept in a given week and scores on a happiness measure. Based on the scatterplot below, the group can report that there is...
a postive correlation
Psychology today is best defined as the scientific study of
behavior and mental processes.
Implementing a research design in which participants don't know whether they are in the experimental group or control group eliminates
bias
Of the following, which research method is most effective for studying unusually complex or rare phenomena?
case study
Which of the following professions would most likely treat individuals with psychological disorders?
clinical psychologists and psychiatrists
Which psychological approach is most concerned with the importance of encoding, storing, and retrieving information? (Thinking)
cognitive approach
In an experiment designed to study the effectiveness of a new drug, research participants who receive a placebo are participating in the _________ group.
control
Ms. Cantu owns a business with nine other employees. Ms. Cantu's annual salary is $90,000. Her manager's salary is $60,000. Of her other employees, three earn $25,000 each and five earn $15,000 each. Q. For this distribution, the MEAN is......
higher than both the median and the mode
Often, a result of a psychological study seems so obvious that critics challenge why the research was ever done. This phenomenon illustrates (I knew it all along)
hindsight bias.
A testable prediction that drives research is know as a(n)
hypothesis
Students will be able to read a statement printed in the Comic Sans font faster than the same statement written in the Lucida Calligraphy font. Q. This statement is a(n) (testable prediction
hypothesis
According to the ethical guidelines set forth by the APA, all participants must know what their participation will involve and what risks might develop before they consent to participate in the study. This is called.....
informed consent
Giving potential participants enough information about a study to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate is called
informed consent
The longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors is known as the
nature-nurture issue
Which of the following is a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in research study?
operational definition
If college graduates typically earn more money than high school graduates, this would indicate that level of education and income are
positively correlated.
Which of the following is the STRONGEST CORRELATION COEFFICIENT?
r=-.90
Of the following, an evolutionary psychologist would most likely investigate the....
reason why many people have an innate fear of the dark.
When subjects in the experimental group put a puzzle piece in the wrong place, the experimenter unconsciously winced. The experimenter did not wince when subjects in the control group put a piece in the wrong place. Q. One method to eliminate the wincing of the experimenter is by instituting....
the double-blind procedure
Students will be able to read a statement printed in the Comic Sans font faster than the same statement written in the Lucida Calligraphy font. Q. The DEPENDENT VARIABLE in an experiment based on the statement would be...
the length of time it takes students to read the statements.
It is important for researchers to use precise OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS when....
they want to be able to replicate the experiment.
