AP Psychology: UNIT 10 Test Review
People given little control over their world in prisons, factories, schools, and nursing homes experience
learned helplessness
Sigmund Freud called his theory of personality and the associated treatment techniques
psychoanalysis
Our_____ consists of all the thoughts and feelings we have in response to the question "Who am I?"
self-concept
Our self-focused perspective many motivate us, but it can also lead us to presume too readily that others are noticing and evaluation us. This is called
the spotlight effect
According to Carl Rogers, when we are in a good marriage, a close family, or intimate friendship, we are free to be spontaneous without fearing the loss of others' esteem. He called the accepting attitude that enables the freedom
unconditional positive regard
Albert Bandura proposed that the social-cognitive perspective, which
emphasizes the interaction of our traits with our situations.
Critics of humanistic psychology have suggested that this theory fails to appreciate the reality of our human capacity for
evil
Questionnaires covering a wide range of feelings and behaviors designed to assess several traits at once are called
free association
Collectivist cultures are characterized by members
giving priority to group goals
Athletes who often privately credit their victories to their own prowess, and their losses to bad breaks, lousy officiating, or the other team's exceptional performance are exhibiting
the self-serving bias
Explain the relationship of the following as they relate to well-being: self-serving bias, self-esteem, locus of control, self-actualization, and reciprocal determinism.
Our readiness to perceive ourselves favorably: increase likelihood of remembering favorable events and increase self-esteem, which can lead to a multitude of benefits. Feeling of self-worth: sleep better and happier. The sense of environmental control lead to achieving more in school and feeling less depressed. Fulfilling our potential leads to: an increasing sense of meaning and sense of purpose. The person-environment interaction effects: The environment one chooses, which in turn shapes an individual. Selection of a positive environment would increase well-being.
According to Sigmund Freud, which of the following defense mechanisms buries threatening or upsetting events outside of consciousness?
Repression
What did Abraham Maslow call the process of fulfilling our potential?
Self-actualization
What do we call the ability to control impulses and delay gratification?
Self-control
Brad Bushman and Roy Baumeister found that when criticized, people with unrealistically high self-esteem
became exceptionally aggressive
Children's TV-viewing habits (past behavior) influence their viewing preferences (internal personal factor), which influence how television (environmental factor) affects their current behavior. This is an example of
reciprocal determinism