AP Seminar

Based on the data in the graph, which of the following methods would be used to calculate the percent change of wind energy generated from 2010 to 2015?

(200 kWh-100 kWh) ----------------------- x 100 (100 kWb)

A sample of radioactive waste has a half-life of 10 years and an activity level of 2 curies. After how many years will the activity level of this sample be 0.25 curie? 10 years 20 years 30 years 40 years 80 years

30 years

Question 6 Which of the following energy sources is not derived directly or indirectly from solar energy? A) Geothermal B) Photovoltaic C) Hydroelectric D) Biomass E) Wind

A) Geothermal

Extraction of natural gas by the process of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) is most likely to result in which of the following environmental problems? A) Groundwater contamination B) Ozone depletion C) Eutrophication D) Denitrification E) Desertification

A) Groundwater contamination

Which of the following is a way for the government to encourage efficient energy use? A) Requiring higher fuel economy standards for new cars B) Implementing government subsidies to keep gasoline prices low C) Raising the speed limit from 55 to 70 miles per hour D) Limiting the development of public transportation systems E) Removing all taxes from gasoline at the fuel pump

A) Requiring higher fuel economy standards for new cars

Which of the following statements correctly explains the role of fossil fuels in the production of energy? A) The combustion of fossil fuels heats water to produce steam, which then turns a turbine. B) The steam released from the combustion of fossil fuels turns a generator, which then powers a turbine. C) The heat released from burning fossil fuels rises and turns a turbine, which then releases carbon dioxide. D) Steam produced from a turbine ignites the fossil fuels, which then powers the generator.

A) The combustion of fossil fuels heats water to produce steam, which then turns a turbine.

Hydraulic fracturing or fracking, is the pumping of highly pressurized water with a mixture of sand and chemicals into boreholes to A) create cracks within the rock in order to provide pathways for the release of gas and oil B) pulverize the rock in order to let gas and oil rise through the soil horizons C) reopen old mine shafts, from which gas and oil can be collected D) create seismic movement and artificial earthquakes in order to liberate gas and oil E) supersaturate the rock with the fracking fluid, which scrubs gas and oil from the rock by abrasion

A) create cracks within the rock in order to provide pathways for the release of gas and oil

A home uses ten 100-watt lightbulbs for five hours per day. Approximately how many kilowatt-hours of electrical energy are consumed in one year by using the lightbulbs? A) 365 B) 1,825 C) 5,000 D) 10,500 E) 365,000

B) 1,825

The separation of the various components of crude oil in refineries is accomplished primarily by taking advantage of differences in which of the following?

B) The boiling points of the components

A major limitation of using photovoltaic cells to generate electricity is that they A) Do not produce as much C02 as other energy sources do B) do produce as much electricity on cloudy days C) have no moving parts D) present a danger to birds and bats E) cannot be connected to the electrical grid

B) do produce as much electricity on cloudy days

There are various stages in the formation of coal as heat and pressure are increased and moisture content is decreased. These stages, in order, are A) bituminous, peat, lignite, anthracite B) peat, lignite, bituminous, anthracite C) peat lignite, anthracite, bituminous D) lignite, bituminous, anthracite, peat E) anthracite, bituminous, peat, lignite

B) peat, lignite, bituminous, anthracite

Which of the following best describes the energy resource used most often for heating and cooking in less developed countries? A) Bituminous coal is primarily used because of its relative abundance and high moisture content. B) Cogeneration from fuel oil systems is primarily used because it has low up-front costs. C) Biomass is the predominant fuel source because it is easily obtained locally. D) Natural gas is the most prevalent fuel source because it is readily available and produces few air pollutants.

C) Biomass is the predominant fuel source because it is easily obtained locally.

Which of the following accurately describes a fuel cell vehicle? A) Fuel cell vehicles run on both an internal combustion engine and a backup battery. B) Fuel cell vehicles are able to convert waste oil from the food industry into ethanol, which is burned as a source of power. C) Fuel cell vehicles use hydrogen to generate electricity that runs the motor. D) Fuel cell vehicles generate energy by creating a flow of electrons in a semiconducting material such as silicon. E) Fuel cell vehicles use methane to heat water, which creates steam that turns a turbine to generate electricity.

C) Fuel cell vehicles use hydrogen to generate electricity that runs the motor.

This type of energy utilizes heat that is stored beneath Earth's surface to heat water and produce steam A) Solar Energy B) Wind Energy C) Geothermal Energy D) Nuclear Energy

C) Geothermal Energy

Directions: The following question(s) refer to the graph below showing the percent contribution of major fuel sources that have supplied energy for the United States for the past 150 years. The category labeled "Other" includes nuclear power, hydroelectricity, solar and wind power, and other alternative sources of energy. The primary cause for the decline in the use of wood as a fuel in the eighteen hundreds was the A) discovery of major oil fields in the Middle East B) lowering of per capita energy consumption C) reduced wood availability resulting from widespread deforestation D) global rise in temperatures during the 1800s

C) reduced wood availability resulting from widespread deforestation

This area has low water-flow velocities because flowing water forms a reservoir that can be used for hydroelectric power generation or recreation

D (dam)

Which of the following negative consequences is most often associated with using biomass for energy production? A) Using biomass for energy production requires long-term storage for radioactive waste. B) Using biomass for energy production can increase salinization in agricultural fields. C) Using biomass for energy production releases carbon sequestered in fossil fuels into the atmosphere. D) Using biomass for energy production can result in local deforestation

D) Using biomass for energy production can result in local deforestation

This region has been the largest petroleum exporter for the past four decades.

E (Saudi Arabia)

Many environmentalists consider Egypt's Aswan High Dam on the Nile River to be an ecological disaster. Which of the following is the evidence to support this viewpoint? A) Creation of the dam flooded important sites. B) Sardine populations near the Nile delta increased exponentially as a result of decreased annual rates of water now. C) The Aswan High Dam supplies one-third of the electrical power used in Egypt D) Some countries upstream from the dam have diverted Nile River water for their own projects. E) Most of the nutrient-rich silt that the Nile annually deposited downstream is now deposited behind the dam.

E) Most of the nutrient-rich silt that the Nile annually deposited downstream is now deposited behind the dam.

According to the data plotted in the graph above, which of the following is true about the increase in world fossil fuel consumption between 1965 and 1980? A) Increases in oil, coal, and natural gas consumption occurred at about the same rate. B) Increases in oil and coal consumption outpaced the increase in natural gas consumption. C) The increase in coal consumption outpaced the increases in oil and natural gas consumption. D) The increase in natural gas consumption outpaced the increases in oil and coal consumption. E) The increase in oil consumption outpaced the increases in coal and natural gas consumption

E) The increase in oil consumption outpaced the increases in coal and natural gas consumption

Which of the following is considered an advantage of using nuclear power to generate electricity? A) No waste is generated. B) There is a limitless supply of the raw material needed for the process of generating energy. C) Nuclear power plants are inexpensive to build and maintain. D) There is по potential for thermal pollution. E) There is no CO2 emitted from the nuclear reaction

E) There is no CO2 emitted from the nuclear reaction

Which of the following areas shown on the map of the United States has a history of coal deposits and is most likely to have mining operations? Point A Point B Point C Point D

Point B

Which of the following actions would reduce global greenhouse emissions? A) Increasing the use of automobiles B) Decreasing the number of nuclear power plants C) Replacing coal-burning power plants with wind farms D) Converting tropical forests to rice paddies E) Switching from hydroelectric power generation to power generation using natural gas as the primary fuel

Replacing coal-burning power plants with wind farms

Directions: Each set of lettered choices below refers to the numbered questions or statements immediately following it. Select the one lettered choice that best answers each question or best fits each statement. A choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all in each set. The following questions refer to the energy sources listed. is renewable (A) Uranium-238 (B) Coal (C) Natural gas (D) Oil (E) Solar

Solar

Directions Select the choice that best fits each statement The following question(s) refer to the following energy sources, A Biomass В. Wind C. Tidal energy D. Nuclear fission E. Sunlight The source that is converted directly into electrical energy by photovoltaic cells

Sunlight