ap world 16

What did Marx and Engels believe would be the outcome of the conflict between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat?

A proletariat victory will result in the destruction of capitalism, the end of private property, and the withering away of the state.

The Shawnee prophet Tenskwatawa was similar to Hong Xiuquan in which of the following ways?

Both had religious visions and embraced a strict moral code.

What change did the British East India Company make in its approach to ruling India during the 1840s?

It annexed more land and stripped native aristocrats of their privileges.

What was one of the reasons for the collapse of the Taiping Rebellion?

It failed to attract strong support from the landed gentry and other elite groups

The goals of European reactionaries during the Restoration period:

Rejection of change

What was required of Shawnee culture if they were to be able to cooperate with U.S. government officials?

That men rather than women take over farming

Why were women especially drawn to Fourier's proposed reforms?

Women longed for a way to address the social problems of poverty, prostitution, and the exploitation of workers.

How did the outcome of the War of 1812 hasten the ethnic cleansing of Native Americans east of the Mississippi?

the british withdrew their support from south of the great lakes, leaving the Shawnee at the mercy of land hungry american settlers

What were common factors in the Shawnee, Maya, and Indian rebellions against colonial control?

the use of prophecy and charismatic leadership

Why did Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels call their theories "scientific" socialism?

their arguments were rooted in a materialist view of history

What was called for in the People's Charter?

universal suffrage for all men, secret ballot, equal electoral districts, annual parliamentary elections.

Hong Xiuquan believed that he was:

younger brother of jesus, god's other son,

In ways did the Zuku leader, Shaka, resemble Mongol leaders?

Both had the ability to incorporate defeated communities into the state

On what idea(s) could disparate groups of radicals agree?

Popular sovereignty

From which groups did European nationalist movements draw their greatest number of supporters?

The liberal aristocracy and the commercial middle class

The impetus (AP vocabulary!) of Mohammad Ibn al-Wahhab's Islamic reform movement was a reaction to what things?

relaxed faith. turned to traditional practice and rituals.

Which of the following nineteenth-century principles derived from the revolutions of the late eighteenth century?

Government by and for property holding citizens

Why did Charles Fourier consign yucky jobs such as cleaning latrines to adolescents?

He believed that adolescents liked to muck about in filth

Why did American officials fear Tecumseh's message even more than his brother's?

Officials feared that Christians would begin to convert to the visionary future preached by Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa.

During the early nineteenth century, what events led to a crisis in southern Africa?

Overpopulation that strained the region's resource base

What contributed to social and political instability in both China and Africa?

Pressure from a gowing population

What did the groups that led the 1848 revolutions in Europe have in common?

They shared a desire for independent nations and to overthrow the existing elites

How did nationalist thinkers define "the nation"?

a shared language and shared history.

How would life in Fourier's phalanx qualify as a reform of Restoration Europe's economic order?

all members would work in diverse tasks in comfort

How did the British change their approach to ruling India after 1857?

began to use railroads, roads, and telegraph lines to link the region together and make it easier to govern effectively.

Why did small-scale settlements in southern Africa give way to larger states during the early nineteenth century?

better equipped to compete for limited resources and defend against enemies.

In what way did the Mayans who followed José María Barrera resemble the Chinese who followed Hong in the Taiping Rebellion?

Both the Mayans and the Chinese followed visionaries who formed alternative religions that combined Christian beliefs, symbols, and rituals with traditional beliefs and legends.

Prior to the mid-nineteenth century, how did the Mayan experience of colonial rule differ from that of other indigenous Mexican peoples?

Lack of minerals or fertile land meant that Mayans escaped from forced labor recruitment and social disruption.

What were the sharp contrasts between millenarian revolts such as the Taiping Rebellion and orthodox institutions?

Millenarian movements were inspired by Confucian, not Daoist, ideals.

What event sparked the Great (Sepoy) Rebellion of 1857?

grease cartiage controversy. hindu and muslims believed british were trying to suppress culture.

What groups were most attracted to Wahhabi Islam and Wahhabism was a direct threat to whose political power?

muslim peoples who were threatened by the increasing pace of commerce and change

In what way did the peasants show their divergence from the Indian elite in the Great (Sepoy) Rebellion of 1857?

peasants rose as leaders

The Taiping Rebellion was a nineteenth-century example of what Chinese tradition?

Millenarian peasant revolts

How did the status of Islam in West Africa change after the establishment of the Sokoto caliphate?

Minority to majority

Both Usman dan Fodio and Muhammad Ibn abd al-Wahhab drew on what inspirations for Islamic reform?

The Wahhabi Movement; A reformist movement attempting to purify Islam. Demanded a return to traditional Islamic practice, denounced polytheistic beliefs. Posed a threat to the Ottomans;

In what way did nineteenth-century nationalist goals prove destructive in the twentieth century?

The nationalist goals of different groups proved incompatible with one another.

Similarity between the goals of Hong, the leaders of the Islamic revitalization movements, and Shaka?

They all believed that lack of harmony was caused by foreign rule.

What was a goal of the Mayans in the Yucatan peninsula when they revolted against the Mexican government in 1847?

They wanted political equality with other Mexicans.

In Restoration-period Europe, what was a goal of liberal thinkers?

continue to pursue political and economic reforms.

The leaders of eighteenth and nineteenth-century Islamic revitalization movements sought to reestablish the glory of Islam through which practice?

creating full-scale theocratic polities

What device was used by Mexicans to lure Mayans into plantation labor?

debt patronage

Viewed collectively, the actions of rebels and dissidents in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries reflected which of the following?

dislike on capitalism and colonialism

Who supported Usman dan Fodio's revolt against the Hausa city-states?

except: Hausa landlords.

What characterized the British counterinsurgency effort in India?

The British responded brutally; villages were destroyed and leaders were tied to cannons and executed