AP2 Urinary quiz
Triangular area of the internal floor of the bladder which has an opening at each of its three angles two ureter and the urethra
Trigone
The most common metabolic waste product eliminated in the urine
Urea
The tube that carries the urine from the kidney to the bladder
Ureter
___acid is a type of metabolic waste that can help form kidney stones
Uric
The substance excreted to the outside of the body contains wastes excess water and excess electrolytes
Urine
Name of network of blood capillaries that surrounds the loop of Henle
Vasarecta
This structure funnels urine from the pyramids into the renal pelvis
Calyx
The outer most layer of the kidney is called the renal ____
Capsule
The rate of removal of a particular substance by the kidneys is called the plasma ____
Clearance
The ducts that gathers the filtrate from the nephrons and form the rays of the medulla
Collecting
A renal ____ is between two pyramids and contains blood vessels
Column
The renal ___ is composed of Bowman's capsule and the glomerulus
Corpuscle
The internal tissue layer next to the capsule of the kidney
Cortex
Na+ help glucose and amino acids move out of the tubule lumen into a tubule cell against there concentration gradients by a process known as ___
Cotransport
A system in which fluid flows in parallel tubes in the opposite direction and substances diffuse from one tube to the next so that the fluid in both tubes has nearly the same composition
Counter current
A waste product of nucleic of nucleic acids is ___
Creatine
The ___ sphincter of the urethra is made of voluntary skeletal muscle
External
This result when a condition interferes with the kidney and cause it not to function
Failure
The connective tissue that attaches the kidneys to the abdominal wall is called the renal ___
Fascia
Fluid that passes into Bowman's capsule through the filtration membrane is called the ___
Filtrate
Tuft of capillaries located in the renal corpuscle
Glomerulus
An inflammation especially of the great toe joint due to depositing of crystals of uric acid
Gout
The loop of ___ consists of a thick and thin limb and is between PCT and DCT
Henle
An inflammation of the kidney
Nephritis
The basic histological and functional unit of the kidney
Nephron
Steroid hormone of the adrenal gland that causes the reabsorption of sodium ions in the DDT
Aldosterone
The ___ limb of Henle actively transports Na Cl to the interstitial fluid thus helping to maintain the concentration gradient of the medulla
Ascending
The phenomenon by which a mechanism within an organ or tissue maintains a constant blood flow through that part even though the arterial blood pressure varies
Autoregulation
As the solute particles in the solution increase in number so does the ___ of the solution increase
Osmolality
Abbr. for the tubule that is closes to the renal corpuscle
PCT
The renal fat ___ acts as a protector and shock absorber for kidney
Pad
The apex of the pyramid is called the renal ___
Papilla
The urine collects in the renal ___ before it enters the ureter
Pelvis
The name given to the capillaries that surround the DCT and PCT
Peritubular
Specialized cells that have pedicels extensions that form filtration slits in Bowman's capsule
Podocytes
The filtration ___ is calculated by subtracting the sum of opposing forces from hydrostatic pressure of the glomerulus
Pressure
65% of the filtrate is reabsorbed as it passes through the ___ convoluted tubule
Proximal
The part of the kidney medulla that contains the collecting ducts and loops of Henle
Pyramid
___ is the movement of substance from the filtrate back into the blood
Reabsorption
The portion of the cardiac output that goes to the kidney is called the __ fraction
Renal
Released from the juxta glomerulus apparatus when BP drops
Renin
Term used for the fact that the kidneys are behind the parietal peritoneum against the deep muscles of the back
Retroperitoneal
The active transport of a substance into the nephron tubule
Secretion
The pedicles of podocytes form filtration ___ in the filtration membrane
Slit
Parasympathetic nerve impulses causes the relaxing of the internal and external ___ muscles in the urethra
Sphincter
Kidney ___ are hard objects that are usually found in the pelvis of the kidney
Stones
The ___ arteriole is larger than the efferent arteriole
Afferent
The hormone secreted by the kidneys that controls RBC formation
Erythropoietin
The hormone necessary for the water reabsorption in the DCT
ADH
The organ the urine collects in before it leaves the body
Bladder
Abbr. for the tubule that is farthest from the renal corpuscle
DCT
The epithelium of this limb of the loop of Henle is thin and lacks microvilli and very permeable
Descending
Name of the smooth muscle that makes up the urinary bladder wall
Detrusor
Reabsorption is controlled by hormonal action on the ___ convoluted tubules
Distal
An increased production of the urine
Diuresis
A substance that causes an increased production of urine
Diuretic
The ___ arteriole (leads away from glomerulus) is smaller in diameter than the afferent arteriole thus increasing filtration pressure
Efferent
An inability to control urination and/or defecation reflexes
Incontinence
A polysaccharide used to calculate the glomerular filtrate rate
Inulin
Secretes renin when the blood pressure is too low
Juxtaglomerular
The type of nephron responsible for concentration urine because it has loops of Henle extending deep into the medulla
Juxtamedullary
Bean shaped organs located in superior posterior abdomen
Kidney
The descending ___ of Henle is very permeable to water
Limb
Special cells in the distal convoluted tubule that help form the juxtaglomerular apparatus
Maculadensa
The part of the kidney that contains the pyramids and columns
Medulla
The filtration ___ is composed of fenestrated capillaries basement membrane and podocytes
Membrane
The process of eliminating urine from the bladder
Micturition