APA quiz 2
how to cite an unknown author
cite the source by its title in the signal phrase or use the first word or two in the parentheses
how to cite with Authors With the Same Last Name:
To prevent confusion, use first initials with the last names. (E. Johnson, 2001; L. Johnson, 1998)
how to cite 6 or more authors
Use the first author's name followed by et al. in the signal phrase or in parentheses.
how to cite sources without page numbers
When an electronic source lacks page numbers, you should try to include information that will help readers find the passage being cited. When an electronic document has numbered paragraphs, use the abbreviation "para." followed by the paragraph number (Hall, 2001, para. 5). If the paragraphs are not numbered and the document includes headings, provide the appropriate heading and specify the paragraph under that heading.
how to cite a Introductions, Prefaces, Forewords, and Afterwords:
When citing an Introduction, Preface, Foreword, or Afterwords in-text, cite the appropriate author and year as usual.
how to cite When your parenthetical citation includes two or more works
When your parenthetical citation includes two or more works, order them the same way they appear in the reference list (viz., alphabetically), separated by a semi-colon.
how long is a long quotation
40 words or more
how to capitalize when there's a hyphen
When capitalizing titles, capitalize both words in a hyphenated compound word: Natural-Born Cyborgs.
how to quote a long quote
in a free-standing block of typewritten lines, and omit quotation marks. Start the quotation on a new line, indented 1/2 inch from the left margin, i.e., in the same place you would begin a new paragraph. Type the entire quotation on the new margin, and indent the first line of any subsequent paragraph within the quotation 1/2 inch from the new margin. Maintain double-spacing throughout. The parenthetical citation should come after the closing punctuation mark.
how to cite 3 to 5 authors after the first time you cite them
in subsequent citations, only use the first author's last name followed by "et al." in the signal phrase or in parentheses.
in reference list, what is capitalized
in your References list, only the first word of a title will be capitalized: Writing new media.)
how to cite titles of articles, chapters, and web pages as an unknown author
titles of articles, chapters, and web pages are in quotation marks.
how to cite titles of books and reports as an unknown author
titles of books and reports are italicized or underlined;
should you capitalize proper nouns in an in-text citation
yes Always capitalize proper nouns, including author names and initials: D. Jones.
How to capitalize after dashes or colons
Capitalize the first word after a dash or colon: "Defining Film Rhetoric: The Case of Hitchcock's Vertigo."
what exceptions are there in capitalizing titles within the paper
Exceptions apply to short words that are verbs, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and adverbs: Writing New Media, There Is Nothing Left to Lose.
how to cite personal communication
For interviews, letters, e-mails, and other person-to-person communication, cite the communicator's name, the fact that it was personal communication, and the date of the communication. Do not include personal communication in the reference list.
how to cite a work by two authors
Name both authors in the signal phrase or in the parentheses each time you cite the work. Use the word "and" between the authors' names within the text and use the ampersand in the parentheses.
how do you write the title of shorter works within the paper
Put quotation marks around the titles of shorter works such as journal articles, articles from edited collections, television series episodes, and song titles: "Multimedia Narration: Constructing Possible Worlds"; "The One Where Chandler Can't Cry."
citing unknown author or date
If no author or date is given, use the title in your signal phrase or the first word or two of the title in the parentheses and use the abbreviation "n.d." (for "no date").
citing electronic sources
If possible, cite an electronic document the same as any other document by using the author-date style.
how to cite If the author is an organization or a government agency`
If the author is an organization or a government agency, mention the organization in the signal phrase or in the parenthetical citation the first time you cite the source.
how to cite with Two or More Works by the Same Author in the Same Year
If you have two sources by the same author in the same year, use lower-case letters (a, b, c) with the year to order the entries in the reference list. Use the lower-case letters with the year in the in-text citation.
if you refer to the title of the article in your paper, what do you do for capitalization
If you refer to the title of a source within your paper, capitalize all words that are four letters long or greater within the title of a source:
how to cite indirect sources
If you use a source that was cited in another source, name the original source in your signal phrase. List the secondary source in your reference list and include the secondary source in the parentheses. Johnson argued that...(as cited in Smith, 2003, p. 102).
how do you write the title of longer works within the paper
Italicize or underline the titles of longer works such as books, edited collections, movies, television series, documentaries, or albums:
how to cite 3 to 5 authors
List all the authors in the signal phrase or in parentheses the first time you cite the source. Use the word "and" between the authors' names within the text and use the ampersand in the parentheses.
how to cite for paraphrase
author and year of publication APA guidelines encourage you to also provide the page number (although it is not required.)
how to directly quote from a work
author, year of publication, and the page number for the reference (preceded by "p."). at the end of the quotation
how are in-text citations made
author-date method of in-text citation...(Jones, 1998)
