APES 6a Test

Some solar energy systems produce high-temperature water for industrial applications and produce steam to run turbines that generate electricity. What type of solar energy system is needed for these kinds of applications?

A solar collector system using mirrors or lenses to concentrate sunlight

Which of the following will be the most likely consequence from the daily operation of a typical hydroelectric power plant?

Beach erosion will increase where the river meets the ocean downstream from the hydroelectric dam project.

More commonly used in the least developed countries than in highly developed countries

Biomass

Which of the following is the most successful solution to the problem of fish mortality caused by dams?

Building fish ladders around the dam

This is the location of the world's largest hydroelectric dam, with a generating capacity of 22,500MW

China

This area has low water-flow velocities because flowing water forms a reservoir that can be used for hydroelectric power generation or recreation.

Dam

A major limitation of using photovoltaic cells to generate electricity is that they

Do not produce as much electricity on cloudy days

Which of the following accurately describes a fuel cell vehicle?

Fuel cell vehicles use hydrogen to generate electricity that runs the motor.

Drawbacks include noise and the release of corrosive chemicals

Geothermal

Which of the following energy sources is not derived directly or indirectly from solar energy?

Geothermal

This type of energy utilizes heat that is stored beneath Earth's surface to heat water and produce steam.

Geothermal Energy

Geothermal energy is the main energy source at this location because it is located on a large divergent boundary.

Iceland

Based on the article, which of the following best identifies the author's claim?

Increased tax breaks and other financial incentives have been an important factor for increasing the number of installations of solar panels on New York City rooftops.

A developer intends to use passive solar heating in a new construction project in Minnesota in an effort to reduce electricity costs for the property owners. Which of the following should be employed to maximize the benefit of passive solar heating?

Install south-facing glazed windows in the home and dark surfaces to cover the walls and floors.

Currently, the rooftop solar panels produce only a fraction of the electricity used in the buildings on which they are installed. Which of following strategies would best combat the problem of insufficient electricity generation from the rooftop solar panels?

Installing active solar energy systems on all available, unshaded rooftop space and positioning them to face south

Which of the following is a true statement about passive solar heating?

It is based in part on the principle of the greenhouse effect.

Many environmentalists consider Egypt's Aswan High Dam on the Nile River to be an ecological disaster. Which of the following is the best evidence to support this viewpoint?

Most of the nutrient-rich silt that the Nile annually deposited downstream is now deposited behind the dam.

Scientists are looking for new locations to generate electricity using geothermal energy. Which of the following locations would be the best choice for a geothermal energy generating plant?

Near tectonic plate boundaries

Which of the following best describes the author's perspective on the use of solar energy in New York City?

New York City is behind other major cities in its use of solar energy in electricity generation and should continue efforts to increase its solar capacity.

Which of the following best describes how electricity is generated using photovoltaic cells?

Photons of light excite electrons that result in a flow of current.

Converts solar energy directly into electrical energy

Photovoltaic

Which of the following actions would reduce global greenhouse emissions?

Replacing coal-burning power plants with wind farms

Which of the following is a way for the government to encourage efficient energy use?

Requiring higher fuel economy standards for new cars

Based on the data, which of the following policies would most likely make the greatest reduction in the ecological footprint for all of the cities shown in the graph?

Setting higher efficiency standards for vehicles

Construction of a solar power plant is proposed for a desert area near a school. A student has hypothesized that the shade cast by the solar panels will increase the mortality of creosote bush, a native desert plant in the area. Before construction begins, what experimental data should the student collect in order to eventually test the hypothesis?

The direct sunlight received by creosote bush in the desert area (in kWh/m2) during a 12-month period

Which of the following is the best example of an energy storage element in a solar energy system?

The hot water tank in a solar hot water system

Which of the following pieces of evidence does the author use to support the claim that the solar panel installation on the StuyTown complex is the largest in Manhattan?

The installation added 9,000 solar panels to 56 rooftops, effectively doubling the total solar capacity of the surrounding area.

Which of the following is a negative consequence associated with photovoltaic solar cells?

The manufacture of photovoltaic solar cells involves toxic metals that can be released into the environment.

Which of the following is an unintended consequence of the use of hydroelectric dams for electricity generation?

There will be more erosion than sediment deposition downstream from the hydroelectric dam.

Which of the following negative consequences is most often associated with using biomass for energy production?

Using biomass for energy production can result in local deforestation.

Which of the following is a reason why hybrid electric vehicles use less fossil fuel per mile traveled than a typical internal combustion engine vehicle uses?

When the brakes are applied in hybrid electric vehicles, kinetic energy is converted into electric energy to charge the batteries that assist the electric motor.

Buildings designed to partially heat rooms by passive solar heating rely on

materials that absorb and store solar energy to warm the room

The primary cause for the decline in the use of wood as a fuel in the eighteen hundreds was the

reduced wood availability resulting from widespread deforestation